乳化型温拌剂研发及其混合料性能研究
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摘要
温拌沥青混合料具有施工温度低、耗能低、延长施工时效、环保等诸多性能特点，尽管目前市场上温拌剂品种较多，但是品质良莠不齐，且对温拌剂降温效果的评价方法及其混合料的路用性能与施工技术没有系统研究，致使温拌沥青混合料应用无规可循。因此论文在乳化型温拌剂研发的基础上，对温拌沥青混合料性能和施工技术进行研究。
论文从现有温拌剂产品优缺点以及国内温拌剂产品研发现状入手，确定产品开发方向为乳化型温拌剂。采用表面化学理论，研究了温拌剂的乳化和润滑机理，以综合协调温拌剂的乳化性能和沥青混合料水稳性能为出发点，开发出具有提高沥青混合料水稳定性和和易性的乳化型温拌剂产品——HH-X型温拌剂。
利用动态扭矩传感器，研究了搅拌齿所受扭矩与沥青混合料的摩擦和粘流性间的关系，开发出了沥青混合料和易性试验仪，提出了沥青混合料和易性指数指标。采用和易性指数曲线，研究了温拌沥青混合料的降温效果，通过与SGC法确定的空隙率曲线进行对比分析，提出了和易性试验仪评价温拌剂降温效果的方法，并推荐了低温条件下温拌沥青混合料各施工工序温度公式：T低=T正常+A×（10-t），解决了如何确定温拌沥青混合料各环节最佳施工温度技术难题。
通过温拌剂掺量对沥青粘附性、沥青混合料空隙率和水稳定性及和易性的影响研究，得出当HH-X型温拌剂与沥青质量掺量比例为10﹕90时其性能最优。分别对添加HH-X型温拌剂的SBS改性沥青、90#和70#基质沥青性能的变化进行了研究，结果表明在不改变沥青其它性能的基础上，可显著提高沥青与集料的粘附性和老化性能指标。
根据沥青及沥青混合料老化原理，利用旋转薄膜烘箱，改进了短期老化试验方法，提出了温拌沥青及其混合料的老化试验方法及试验参数，利用该方法研究了温拌沥青及其混合料的老化性能，试验结果表明温拌沥青混合料的老化程度远低于热拌沥青混合料。通过对添加HH-X型温拌剂的沥青混合料性能进行试验分析，发现在不影响沥青混合料高温性能的情况下可显著改善其水稳定性和低温性能。室内疲劳性能试验研究表明：添加温拌剂后能显著提高混合料疲劳方程的k值，并使n值减小。采用ABAQUS和fe-safe软件对沥青路面进行疲劳寿命计算，结果表明HH-X温拌沥青混合料疲劳寿命是热拌沥青混合料的1.12倍。通过与同类乳化型温拌剂和有机添加剂Sasobit对沥青及其混合料性能的对比，证明了HH-X温拌剂性能较优。
结合对实体工程的研究，系统地提出了乳化型温拌沥青混合料施工质量控制方法和技术指标要求；考虑寿命周期成本，HH-X型温拌剂可降低工程造价约34万元/Km，由于其可显著降低CO_2的排放量，节省了能源消耗，因此其应用具有显著的社会经济效益。
论文的研究成果对温拌剂及温拌沥青混合料的性能评价、施工技术具有指导作用，为温拌沥青混合料的应用提供了技术支撑。
Warm mix asphalt has the performance characteristics of low construction temperature,low energy consumption, extending the time of construction, environmental protection and soon. However, there are many kinds of warm-mixed agents on the market currently, and thequality is uneven, some good and some bad. And there are no system researches on theevaluation method of warm-mixed agent cooling effect, the road performance of mixtureasphalt and construction technology. It leads no rules to follow in warm mix asphaltapplications. So, based on the development of emulsification of warm-mixed agent, this thesisresearched the performance and construction technology of warm mix asphalt mixture.
Paper started from the advantages and disadvantages of warm-mixed agents as well asdomestic warm-mixed agent product development, determined the product developingdirection is emulsification warm-mixed agent. Using surface chemistry theory, studied theemulsion and lubrication mechanism of warm-mixed agent, in order to balance theemulsifying performance of warm-mixed agent and water stability performance of asphaltmixture, developed a new emulsion warm-mixed agent product which improve the waterstability and workability of asphalt mixture--HH-X warm-mixed agent.
Using dynamic torque sensor, researched the relationship between torque of the stirringgear suffered and friction and viscous of asphalt mixture, developed the workability of asphaltmixture tester, and proposed the indicator of asphalt mixture workability index. Usingworkability index curve, studied the temperature cooling effect of warm mixture asphalt, andcomparative analyzed with the porosity curve which determined by SGC method, and putforward that workability tester method is a way to evaluate cooling effect of warm-mixedagent, recommended a temperature formula under the condition of low air temperature in theconstruction process: Tlow=Tnorm+A×（10-t），and solved the problem of how to determine thebest temperature of asphalt mixture in every construction stages, and
Through the research warm-mixed agent dosage impact on the adhesion performance ofasphalt, asphalt mixture void ratio, water stability and workability, found that the bestblending ratio of HH-X warm-mixed agent and asphalt is10:90. Added HH-X warm-mixedagent into SBS modified asphalt,90#and70#matrix asphalt respectively, and studied theperformance changes, the results show that with no changing on other performance of asphalt,HH-X can significantly improve the adhesion performance between asphalt and aggregate andaging properties.
According to the aging principle of asphalt and asphalt mixture, using rotary film oven,improved the test method of short-term aging, and the proposed aging test methods and test parameters of warm mixture asphalt. Using this method researched the aging properties ofwarm mix asphalt. Test results show that: the aging of warm mixture asphalt is much lowerthan that of hot mixture asphalt. And found that HH-X-type agent in the warm mix asphaltmixture has a little affect on high-temperature performance, but it can significantly improveits water stability and low temperature performance, and then come the conclusions thatIndoor fatigue test research shows: the addition of warm-mixed agent can significantlyimprove the k-value of, and the n-value decreased. Using ABAQUS and fe-safe softwarecalculating fatigue life of asphalt pavement, the results show that HH-X warm mix asphaltmixture fatigue life is1.12times of hot mix asphalt mixture. And contrast with the similartype of warm-mixed agent and organic additives Sasobit effect on asphalt and asphalt mixtureperformance, proved that HH-X warm-mixed agent is better than others.
According to the real engineering research, proposed the construction quality controlmethods and technical requirements of emulsion type warm mix asphalt mixturesystematically; consider life cycle cost, HH-X warm-mixed agent can reduce engineering costabout340000yuan/Km, because it can significantly reduce the emissions of CO_2,savingenergy consumption, so it’s application has significant social and economic benefits.
The research results of this paper play a guiding role on the performance evaluation ofwarm-mixed agents and warm mixture asphalt and construction technology, and providetechnical support for the application of warm mixture asphalt.
论文从现有温拌剂产品优缺点以及国内温拌剂产品研发现状入手，确定产品开发方向为乳化型温拌剂。采用表面化学理论，研究了温拌剂的乳化和润滑机理，以综合协调温拌剂的乳化性能和沥青混合料水稳性能为出发点，开发出具有提高沥青混合料水稳定性和和易性的乳化型温拌剂产品——HH-X型温拌剂。
利用动态扭矩传感器，研究了搅拌齿所受扭矩与沥青混合料的摩擦和粘流性间的关系，开发出了沥青混合料和易性试验仪，提出了沥青混合料和易性指数指标。采用和易性指数曲线，研究了温拌沥青混合料的降温效果，通过与SGC法确定的空隙率曲线进行对比分析，提出了和易性试验仪评价温拌剂降温效果的方法，并推荐了低温条件下温拌沥青混合料各施工工序温度公式：T低=T正常+A×（10-t），解决了如何确定温拌沥青混合料各环节最佳施工温度技术难题。
通过温拌剂掺量对沥青粘附性、沥青混合料空隙率和水稳定性及和易性的影响研究，得出当HH-X型温拌剂与沥青质量掺量比例为10﹕90时其性能最优。分别对添加HH-X型温拌剂的SBS改性沥青、90#和70#基质沥青性能的变化进行了研究，结果表明在不改变沥青其它性能的基础上，可显著提高沥青与集料的粘附性和老化性能指标。
根据沥青及沥青混合料老化原理，利用旋转薄膜烘箱，改进了短期老化试验方法，提出了温拌沥青及其混合料的老化试验方法及试验参数，利用该方法研究了温拌沥青及其混合料的老化性能，试验结果表明温拌沥青混合料的老化程度远低于热拌沥青混合料。通过对添加HH-X型温拌剂的沥青混合料性能进行试验分析，发现在不影响沥青混合料高温性能的情况下可显著改善其水稳定性和低温性能。室内疲劳性能试验研究表明：添加温拌剂后能显著提高混合料疲劳方程的k值，并使n值减小。采用ABAQUS和fe-safe软件对沥青路面进行疲劳寿命计算，结果表明HH-X温拌沥青混合料疲劳寿命是热拌沥青混合料的1.12倍。通过与同类乳化型温拌剂和有机添加剂Sasobit对沥青及其混合料性能的对比，证明了HH-X温拌剂性能较优。
结合对实体工程的研究，系统地提出了乳化型温拌沥青混合料施工质量控制方法和技术指标要求；考虑寿命周期成本，HH-X型温拌剂可降低工程造价约34万元/Km，由于其可显著降低CO_2的排放量，节省了能源消耗，因此其应用具有显著的社会经济效益。
论文的研究成果对温拌剂及温拌沥青混合料的性能评价、施工技术具有指导作用，为温拌沥青混合料的应用提供了技术支撑。
Warm mix asphalt has the performance characteristics of low construction temperature,low energy consumption, extending the time of construction, environmental protection and soon. However, there are many kinds of warm-mixed agents on the market currently, and thequality is uneven, some good and some bad. And there are no system researches on theevaluation method of warm-mixed agent cooling effect, the road performance of mixtureasphalt and construction technology. It leads no rules to follow in warm mix asphaltapplications. So, based on the development of emulsification of warm-mixed agent, this thesisresearched the performance and construction technology of warm mix asphalt mixture.
Paper started from the advantages and disadvantages of warm-mixed agents as well asdomestic warm-mixed agent product development, determined the product developingdirection is emulsification warm-mixed agent. Using surface chemistry theory, studied theemulsion and lubrication mechanism of warm-mixed agent, in order to balance theemulsifying performance of warm-mixed agent and water stability performance of asphaltmixture, developed a new emulsion warm-mixed agent product which improve the waterstability and workability of asphalt mixture--HH-X warm-mixed agent.
Using dynamic torque sensor, researched the relationship between torque of the stirringgear suffered and friction and viscous of asphalt mixture, developed the workability of asphaltmixture tester, and proposed the indicator of asphalt mixture workability index. Usingworkability index curve, studied the temperature cooling effect of warm mixture asphalt, andcomparative analyzed with the porosity curve which determined by SGC method, and putforward that workability tester method is a way to evaluate cooling effect of warm-mixedagent, recommended a temperature formula under the condition of low air temperature in theconstruction process: Tlow=Tnorm+A×（10-t），and solved the problem of how to determine thebest temperature of asphalt mixture in every construction stages, and
Through the research warm-mixed agent dosage impact on the adhesion performance ofasphalt, asphalt mixture void ratio, water stability and workability, found that the bestblending ratio of HH-X warm-mixed agent and asphalt is10:90. Added HH-X warm-mixedagent into SBS modified asphalt,90#and70#matrix asphalt respectively, and studied theperformance changes, the results show that with no changing on other performance of asphalt,HH-X can significantly improve the adhesion performance between asphalt and aggregate andaging properties.
According to the aging principle of asphalt and asphalt mixture, using rotary film oven,improved the test method of short-term aging, and the proposed aging test methods and test parameters of warm mixture asphalt. Using this method researched the aging properties ofwarm mix asphalt. Test results show that: the aging of warm mixture asphalt is much lowerthan that of hot mixture asphalt. And found that HH-X-type agent in the warm mix asphaltmixture has a little affect on high-temperature performance, but it can significantly improveits water stability and low temperature performance, and then come the conclusions thatIndoor fatigue test research shows: the addition of warm-mixed agent can significantlyimprove the k-value of, and the n-value decreased. Using ABAQUS and fe-safe softwarecalculating fatigue life of asphalt pavement, the results show that HH-X warm mix asphaltmixture fatigue life is1.12times of hot mix asphalt mixture. And contrast with the similartype of warm-mixed agent and organic additives Sasobit effect on asphalt and asphalt mixtureperformance, proved that HH-X warm-mixed agent is better than others.
According to the real engineering research, proposed the construction quality controlmethods and technical requirements of emulsion type warm mix asphalt mixturesystematically; consider life cycle cost, HH-X warm-mixed agent can reduce engineering costabout340000yuan/Km, because it can significantly reduce the emissions of CO_2,savingenergy consumption, so it’s application has significant social and economic benefits.
The research results of this paper play a guiding role on the performance evaluation ofwarm-mixed agents and warm mixture asphalt and construction technology, and providetechnical support for the application of warm mixture asphalt.
引文
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