裂缝型新站油田精细油藏描述与剩余油分布规律研究
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摘要
裂缝型油藏是油田勘探开发过程中难度最大的油藏类型之一,我国裂缝型油藏分布非常广泛,已探明的储量及数量占三分之一左右,随着勘探程度的提高,其所占的比例将会逐年增大,其产量在我国的油气生产中占有非常重要的地位。然而裂缝型油藏由于孔隙度低,非均质性强且裂缝分布复杂,使得该类油藏的开发成为当前世界石油界公认的难题,其开发的关键问题是天然裂缝的研究,对裂缝的几何、地质参数分布及渗流特征进行全面而准确的了解,是有效地开发裂缝型油藏的基础。本次研究以大庆的新站油田葡萄花油层为例,从开发地质、储层地质模型、裂缝的表征与建模、油藏工程、目前井网适应性和剩余油分布及调整方案设计等方面,系统阐述了裂缝型油藏精细描述和剩余油分布规律。
在搜集整理了新站油田的地质特征研究成果的基础上,以储层和裂缝研究为主线,开展了精细油藏描述工作,一是根据划分沉积微相的标准,将葡萄花层由原来划分的8个小层细分为12个沉积单元;二是分析了小断层及孤立断点,编绘油层组顶底面精细构造图;三是分析了岩芯天然裂缝分布特点,并结合常规测井、无源微地震等裂缝解释成果及注水开发过程中裂缝动态反映,建立了常规测井曲线判别裂缝模式,搞清了裂缝分布规律。
在上述储层和裂缝研究的基础上,以双重介质三维地质模型和剩余油分布规律为主线,开展了多学科研究,一是在构造模型、相控模型及相控属性模型的基础上,对裂缝发育带和规模进行数字化和可视化的描述,结果表明,裂缝发育规律与井点距断层距离、古构造挠曲度等因素有关,并建立了12个沉积单元的裂缝模型;二是在三维地质模型的基础上,通过油藏数值模拟方法,并结合动静态劈分单井单层剩余油结果,对剩余油进行综合描述;三是根据剩余油分布结果,为了利用裂缝以及规避风险,在大401区块优选了不规则加密方案,部署加密井70口,转注井23口,预计采收率31.74%,比加密前提高了5.89个百分点。
该论文立足于储层天然裂缝发育的地质特征,以解决目前油田注水开发存在的问题和矛盾为研究目的,以计算机技术为手段,紧紧围绕“认识剩余油,开发剩余油”这个核心问题,综合地质、测井及生产动态等多方面资料,采用地质开发一体化研究思路,动静结合,由定性到定量,相互验证,互为推动,形成了一套裂缝型砂岩油藏精细描述、剩余油分布及挖潜的研究思路和技术方法,为同类油藏的勘探开发提供了探索性研究。
Fractured reservoir is one of the most difficult reservoir types in the process of oil exploration and development, fractured reservoir distributes very wide in our country, proven reserves and accounts for about one-third of the volume, with increased exploration, the proportion will increase year by year, the production of oil and gas production in China occupies a very important position. However, as a result of fractured reservoir with low porosity, non-homogeneous and complex distribution , making the development of such reservoirs has become the recognized world oil problems, the key question of its development is the study of natural cracks, a comprehensive and accurate understanding of distribution included of the cracks geometry, geological parameters and flow characteristics is the basis of development effectively fractured reservoir. This study pointed to Putaohua layer of XinZhan oilfield of Daqing for an example, from the development of geology, reservoir geological model, the characterization of cracks and modeling, reservoir engineering, the current pattern of adaptation and residual oil distribution and adjusted the program design systematically expounded fractured reservoir description and remaining oil distribution.
Finishing in the collection of geological characteristics of the XinZhan oilfield based on the results of research, to reservoir and fracture in the main lines, carried out detailed reservoir description, first, according to the standards of dividing sedimentary microfacies , Putaohua will be divided from the original layer small layer of the eight sub-divided into 12 sedimentary units; Second, it analysed small faults and isolated breakpoint, and compiled top and bottom of reservoir group structural map; Third, it analysed the core characteristics of natural fracture distribution, and combined with conventional logging , passive micro-seismic interpretation of the results and dynamics reflect of crack in the process of developing water , established a conventional logging crack discriminant model, cleared distribution of the cracks.
On the basis of above reservoir and cracks study, to three-dimensional geological model of the dual media and residual oil distribution in the main line, launched a multi-disciplinary research, first ,on the basis of the structural model, phased model and attribute model phased, carried out a digitization and visualization description of fracture zone and the scale ,the results showed that the laws of fracture was business of distance from wells to fault、palaeostructure deflection factors, etc, and established the 12 sedimentary unit crack model; the second is based on three-dimensional geological model ,through reservoir simulation methods adopted, combined with static and dynamic single well split the results of single-layer, comprehensive described residual oil; three is based on the results of residual oil distribution, in order to make use of the cracks and avoid risks, optimized the irregular block encryption scheme in DA401 block, deployed encryption of 70 wells, 23 injection wells, recovery is expected to 31.74 percent, than the pre-encryption increased 5.89 percentage points.
The paper based on the geological characteristics of the natural fracture in reservoir, to resolve the current oilfield water-flooding development problems and contradictions for research purposes, by means of computer technology, closely focused on the core issue that "acquaint the residual oil, exploit the residual oil" synthesized to geological、logging、dynamic production and multi-information, etc, using the integrated research ideas of the geological development, combined with static and dynamic materials,from qualitative to quantitative, mutual authentication, each other to promote, formed the research ideas and techniques methods of fractured sandstone reservoir description, and the remaining oil distribution and potential, for the exploration and development of similar provided exploratory research.
在搜集整理了新站油田的地质特征研究成果的基础上,以储层和裂缝研究为主线,开展了精细油藏描述工作,一是根据划分沉积微相的标准,将葡萄花层由原来划分的8个小层细分为12个沉积单元;二是分析了小断层及孤立断点,编绘油层组顶底面精细构造图;三是分析了岩芯天然裂缝分布特点,并结合常规测井、无源微地震等裂缝解释成果及注水开发过程中裂缝动态反映,建立了常规测井曲线判别裂缝模式,搞清了裂缝分布规律。
在上述储层和裂缝研究的基础上,以双重介质三维地质模型和剩余油分布规律为主线,开展了多学科研究,一是在构造模型、相控模型及相控属性模型的基础上,对裂缝发育带和规模进行数字化和可视化的描述,结果表明,裂缝发育规律与井点距断层距离、古构造挠曲度等因素有关,并建立了12个沉积单元的裂缝模型;二是在三维地质模型的基础上,通过油藏数值模拟方法,并结合动静态劈分单井单层剩余油结果,对剩余油进行综合描述;三是根据剩余油分布结果,为了利用裂缝以及规避风险,在大401区块优选了不规则加密方案,部署加密井70口,转注井23口,预计采收率31.74%,比加密前提高了5.89个百分点。
该论文立足于储层天然裂缝发育的地质特征,以解决目前油田注水开发存在的问题和矛盾为研究目的,以计算机技术为手段,紧紧围绕“认识剩余油,开发剩余油”这个核心问题,综合地质、测井及生产动态等多方面资料,采用地质开发一体化研究思路,动静结合,由定性到定量,相互验证,互为推动,形成了一套裂缝型砂岩油藏精细描述、剩余油分布及挖潜的研究思路和技术方法,为同类油藏的勘探开发提供了探索性研究。
Fractured reservoir is one of the most difficult reservoir types in the process of oil exploration and development, fractured reservoir distributes very wide in our country, proven reserves and accounts for about one-third of the volume, with increased exploration, the proportion will increase year by year, the production of oil and gas production in China occupies a very important position. However, as a result of fractured reservoir with low porosity, non-homogeneous and complex distribution , making the development of such reservoirs has become the recognized world oil problems, the key question of its development is the study of natural cracks, a comprehensive and accurate understanding of distribution included of the cracks geometry, geological parameters and flow characteristics is the basis of development effectively fractured reservoir. This study pointed to Putaohua layer of XinZhan oilfield of Daqing for an example, from the development of geology, reservoir geological model, the characterization of cracks and modeling, reservoir engineering, the current pattern of adaptation and residual oil distribution and adjusted the program design systematically expounded fractured reservoir description and remaining oil distribution.
Finishing in the collection of geological characteristics of the XinZhan oilfield based on the results of research, to reservoir and fracture in the main lines, carried out detailed reservoir description, first, according to the standards of dividing sedimentary microfacies , Putaohua will be divided from the original layer small layer of the eight sub-divided into 12 sedimentary units; Second, it analysed small faults and isolated breakpoint, and compiled top and bottom of reservoir group structural map; Third, it analysed the core characteristics of natural fracture distribution, and combined with conventional logging , passive micro-seismic interpretation of the results and dynamics reflect of crack in the process of developing water , established a conventional logging crack discriminant model, cleared distribution of the cracks.
On the basis of above reservoir and cracks study, to three-dimensional geological model of the dual media and residual oil distribution in the main line, launched a multi-disciplinary research, first ,on the basis of the structural model, phased model and attribute model phased, carried out a digitization and visualization description of fracture zone and the scale ,the results showed that the laws of fracture was business of distance from wells to fault、palaeostructure deflection factors, etc, and established the 12 sedimentary unit crack model; the second is based on three-dimensional geological model ,through reservoir simulation methods adopted, combined with static and dynamic single well split the results of single-layer, comprehensive described residual oil; three is based on the results of residual oil distribution, in order to make use of the cracks and avoid risks, optimized the irregular block encryption scheme in DA401 block, deployed encryption of 70 wells, 23 injection wells, recovery is expected to 31.74 percent, than the pre-encryption increased 5.89 percentage points.
The paper based on the geological characteristics of the natural fracture in reservoir, to resolve the current oilfield water-flooding development problems and contradictions for research purposes, by means of computer technology, closely focused on the core issue that "acquaint the residual oil, exploit the residual oil" synthesized to geological、logging、dynamic production and multi-information, etc, using the integrated research ideas of the geological development, combined with static and dynamic materials,from qualitative to quantitative, mutual authentication, each other to promote, formed the research ideas and techniques methods of fractured sandstone reservoir description, and the remaining oil distribution and potential, for the exploration and development of similar provided exploratory research.
引文
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