烷基芳基磺酸盐分子量及其分布与表界面性能关系研究
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摘要
本文通过分子设计,以苯、甲苯、二甲苯、脂肪酰氯、溴丁烷、氯磺酸、氢氧化钠等为原料,经Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应、格氏反应、Pd/C氢化还原、磺化及中和等反应步骤,合成了9种具有明确分子量的烷基芳基磺酸盐同分异构体。用两相滴定法测定了活性物含量,9种磺酸盐异构体活性物含量均大于95%。
测定了的9种烷基芳基磺酸盐复配体系在25℃时的表面张力值,确定了其临界胶束浓度(critical micelle concentration)、临界胶束浓度下的表面张力、饱和吸附量、饱和吸附面积、pC_(20)等表面性能参数。通过比较,讨论了烷基芳基磺酸盐分子量及其分布与表面性能之间的关系。
采用MODEL-500旋滴界面张力仪测定了烷基芳基磺酸盐复配体系与一系列正构烷烃的界面张力值,确定了表面活性剂复配体系的最小烷烃碳数。考察磺酸盐浓度,NaCl浓度和异戊醇浓度对油水界面张力的影响以及烷基芳基磺酸盐分子量及其分布与烷烃界面性能的关系。
通过界面张力扫描的方法细致研究了磺酸盐分子量及其分布与大庆油田采油二厂原油(以下简称二厂原油)及其组分的界面关系。在相同平均分子量时,考察磺酸盐分子量分布与原油及组分的界面张力关系;考察原油及其组分在五种分子量分布时的界面张力关系;在平均分子量不同时,考察分子量与原油及其组分的界面张力关系。阐明了各因素与界面张力的关系,分析了烷基芳基磺酸盐分子量及其分布与原油的匹配关系,确定了其中的规律。
By means of molecular designing, using the benzene, toluene, xylene, chloride, bromobutane, chlorosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide as raw materials, 9 kinds of alkyl aryl sulfonates with a clear molecular weight are synthesized through the reaction processes of Friedel-Crafts alkylation, Grignard reaction , hydrogenation reduction, sulfonation and neutralization. To test the active substance contents by way of two-phase titration method, it shows that the contents of these alkyl aryl sulfonates are basically over 95%.
We have measured the surface tension of the complex system of nine alkyl aryl sulfonate synthesized in the laboratory with the temperature of 25℃., and confirmed the surface property parameters such as the critical micelle concentration, surface tension, the number of adsorption , the area of adsorption and pC20, etc. By comparison, the thesis discusses the relationship between molecular weight and distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonate and surface interface properties.
We also have determined the interfacial tension between synthesized alkyl aryl sulfonate solution and the n-alkanes by using the MODEL-500 spinning drop interfacial tensiometer, so minimum number of alkane carbon was obtained. We investigated the effect of the concentration of surfactant sodium chloride and isoamyl alcohol on interfacial tension and analyzed the matching relationship between the molecular weight and distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonates and the alkane interfacial properties.
Using the interfacial tension scanning method, we can research the interface relation of between the second plant of Daqing crude oil and its components and Molecular Weight and Distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonates. When the molecular weights were same, we studied the relationship of interfacial tension between the molecular weight distribution and Daqing crude oil and its components, and the interfacial tension relationship of the crude oil and its components in the five molecular weight distribution. When the average molecular weights were not same, we studied the relationship of interfacial tension between the molecular weight and Daqing crude oil and its components. After the research we can clarify the relationship between various factors and interfacial tensions, analyze the matching relationship between the molecular weight and distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonates and the crude oil, and determine the laws.
测定了的9种烷基芳基磺酸盐复配体系在25℃时的表面张力值,确定了其临界胶束浓度(critical micelle concentration)、临界胶束浓度下的表面张力、饱和吸附量、饱和吸附面积、pC_(20)等表面性能参数。通过比较,讨论了烷基芳基磺酸盐分子量及其分布与表面性能之间的关系。
采用MODEL-500旋滴界面张力仪测定了烷基芳基磺酸盐复配体系与一系列正构烷烃的界面张力值,确定了表面活性剂复配体系的最小烷烃碳数。考察磺酸盐浓度,NaCl浓度和异戊醇浓度对油水界面张力的影响以及烷基芳基磺酸盐分子量及其分布与烷烃界面性能的关系。
通过界面张力扫描的方法细致研究了磺酸盐分子量及其分布与大庆油田采油二厂原油(以下简称二厂原油)及其组分的界面关系。在相同平均分子量时,考察磺酸盐分子量分布与原油及组分的界面张力关系;考察原油及其组分在五种分子量分布时的界面张力关系;在平均分子量不同时,考察分子量与原油及其组分的界面张力关系。阐明了各因素与界面张力的关系,分析了烷基芳基磺酸盐分子量及其分布与原油的匹配关系,确定了其中的规律。
By means of molecular designing, using the benzene, toluene, xylene, chloride, bromobutane, chlorosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide as raw materials, 9 kinds of alkyl aryl sulfonates with a clear molecular weight are synthesized through the reaction processes of Friedel-Crafts alkylation, Grignard reaction , hydrogenation reduction, sulfonation and neutralization. To test the active substance contents by way of two-phase titration method, it shows that the contents of these alkyl aryl sulfonates are basically over 95%.
We have measured the surface tension of the complex system of nine alkyl aryl sulfonate synthesized in the laboratory with the temperature of 25℃., and confirmed the surface property parameters such as the critical micelle concentration, surface tension, the number of adsorption , the area of adsorption and pC20, etc. By comparison, the thesis discusses the relationship between molecular weight and distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonate and surface interface properties.
We also have determined the interfacial tension between synthesized alkyl aryl sulfonate solution and the n-alkanes by using the MODEL-500 spinning drop interfacial tensiometer, so minimum number of alkane carbon was obtained. We investigated the effect of the concentration of surfactant sodium chloride and isoamyl alcohol on interfacial tension and analyzed the matching relationship between the molecular weight and distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonates and the alkane interfacial properties.
Using the interfacial tension scanning method, we can research the interface relation of between the second plant of Daqing crude oil and its components and Molecular Weight and Distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonates. When the molecular weights were same, we studied the relationship of interfacial tension between the molecular weight distribution and Daqing crude oil and its components, and the interfacial tension relationship of the crude oil and its components in the five molecular weight distribution. When the average molecular weights were not same, we studied the relationship of interfacial tension between the molecular weight and Daqing crude oil and its components. After the research we can clarify the relationship between various factors and interfacial tensions, analyze the matching relationship between the molecular weight and distribution of alkyl aryl sulfonates and the crude oil, and determine the laws.
引文
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