立式转子—轴承系统动力学特性研究
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摘要
与传统卧式转子相比立式转子-轴承系统由于转子的重力未作用在径向滑动轴承上,使得轴承静载为零,导致立式转子振动大、稳定性差,直接威胁到实际立式转子机械的安全可靠运行。因此,迫切需要深入研究立式转子-轴承系统的非线性动力学特性和失稳机理,掌握系统特征参数对其动力学特性的影响规律,为设计立式转子系统提供理论依据。本文针对Bently-RK4转子-轴承实验台开展了数值仿真和试验研究,旨在为高速立式旋转机械设计提供有效的方法和有价值的参考依据。
本文首先选取适当的油膜力模型,采用有限元方法建立了Bently-RK4转子-轴承系统实验台动力学模型。通过选取具有稳定性强的数值方法-Newmark法,数值仿真研究了不平衡量、轴承长径比、轴承半径间隙和润滑油动力粘度对立式转子-轴承系统和卧式转子-轴承系统稳定性的影响
通过立式转子与卧式转子动力学特性对比分析得到了立式转子系统所具有的独特特性,以及各个参数对两个转子系统影响的区别,为立式转子设计提供理论依据。
最后利用Bently-RK4转子-轴承系统实验台分别研究了立式转子和卧式转子,通过改变实验台的参数,分析了不平衡量和轴承长径比对两个转子系统的影响程度,同时也验证了理论计算结果。
Compared to traditional horizontal rotor, the vertical rotor - bearing system due to the role of gravity is not on the sliding bearing, the bearing static load is zero, resulting in poor stability of vertical rotor, this phenomena directly threaten the actual vertical rotor mechanical safety and reliability. Therefore, the urgent need for in-depth study of vertical rotor - bearing system of the nonlinear dynamics characteristics and mechanism of failure is to get the characteristics of parameters of the system dynamics of the impact of the law, for the design of vertical rotor system provide a theoretical basis. In this paper, Bently-RK4 rotor - bearing test-bed to carry out the numerical simulation and experimental research, aimed to provide effective methods and valuable reference at high-speed vertical rotating mechanical design.
In this paper, first of all, select the appropriate model of oil-film force, and then using finite element method to establish the Bently-RK4 test rotor system dynamic model. Through selected the stability numerical method - Newmark method, simulate unbalance, bearing length, bearing clearance and oil viscosity on the vertical rotor dynamic system and the horizontal stability of rotor system. Through vertical and horizontal rotor comparative analysis of rotor dynamics of a vertical rotor system get the unique characteristics, as well as the parameters on the stability of rotor system, lay the foundation for the design criteria of vertical rotor.
Finally, experiments are carried out to study the vertical and horizontal rotor, by changing test parameters, the impact of unbalances and aspect ratio of the bearings to the rotor system is analyzed, and also the theoretical results are verified.
本文首先选取适当的油膜力模型,采用有限元方法建立了Bently-RK4转子-轴承系统实验台动力学模型。通过选取具有稳定性强的数值方法-Newmark法,数值仿真研究了不平衡量、轴承长径比、轴承半径间隙和润滑油动力粘度对立式转子-轴承系统和卧式转子-轴承系统稳定性的影响
通过立式转子与卧式转子动力学特性对比分析得到了立式转子系统所具有的独特特性,以及各个参数对两个转子系统影响的区别,为立式转子设计提供理论依据。
最后利用Bently-RK4转子-轴承系统实验台分别研究了立式转子和卧式转子,通过改变实验台的参数,分析了不平衡量和轴承长径比对两个转子系统的影响程度,同时也验证了理论计算结果。
Compared to traditional horizontal rotor, the vertical rotor - bearing system due to the role of gravity is not on the sliding bearing, the bearing static load is zero, resulting in poor stability of vertical rotor, this phenomena directly threaten the actual vertical rotor mechanical safety and reliability. Therefore, the urgent need for in-depth study of vertical rotor - bearing system of the nonlinear dynamics characteristics and mechanism of failure is to get the characteristics of parameters of the system dynamics of the impact of the law, for the design of vertical rotor system provide a theoretical basis. In this paper, Bently-RK4 rotor - bearing test-bed to carry out the numerical simulation and experimental research, aimed to provide effective methods and valuable reference at high-speed vertical rotating mechanical design.
In this paper, first of all, select the appropriate model of oil-film force, and then using finite element method to establish the Bently-RK4 test rotor system dynamic model. Through selected the stability numerical method - Newmark method, simulate unbalance, bearing length, bearing clearance and oil viscosity on the vertical rotor dynamic system and the horizontal stability of rotor system. Through vertical and horizontal rotor comparative analysis of rotor dynamics of a vertical rotor system get the unique characteristics, as well as the parameters on the stability of rotor system, lay the foundation for the design criteria of vertical rotor.
Finally, experiments are carried out to study the vertical and horizontal rotor, by changing test parameters, the impact of unbalances and aspect ratio of the bearings to the rotor system is analyzed, and also the theoretical results are verified.
引文
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2徐张明,沈荣瀛,华宏星.潜艇动力舱浮筏隔振参数对振动与声辐射的影响[J].船舶工程. 2002(06):22-26.
3刘颖妍.阻隔质量刚性隔声研究[J].船海工程. 2006(04):31-34.
4 Wen Guilin, Lu Yuanzhi, Zhang Zhiyong, Ma Chuanshuai, Yin Hanfeng, Cui Zhong. Line Spectra Reduction and Vibration Isolation via Modified Projective Synchronization for Acoustic Stealth of Submarines[J]. 2009, 324(3-5): 954-961.
5 Wang Jingjing, Liu Shuyong, Zhu Shijian. Study on Mechanism for Line Spectrum Reduction in Nonlinear Vibration Isolation System[J]. Computational Mechanics. 2009: 410.
6韩亮,张伟,陈斌.基于轴心轨迹的水轮机转子2轴承动负荷特性分析计算[J].润滑与密封. 2006(12): 55-59.
7 Xie Danmei, Huang Juan, Wan Jianfeng, Yuan Ye. Analysis on Problem of Removing the Odd Point in Rotors Torsional Vibration Characteristics Calculation Using Riccati Method [J]. Proceedings of 2003 International Conference of Mechine Learning and Cybernetics. 2003: 2185-2188.
8孙和泰.大型汽轮发电机组的轴系扭振探讨[J].热力发电. 2004, 1: 42-44.
9 Sommerfold A. Zur Hydrodynamisdhen Theoric der Schmiermittelreibunh,[J]. Z.math.u. physik. 1904(50): 97-106.
10 Dubois G. B., Ocvirk F. W. Analytical Derivation and Experimental Evalution of Short Bearing Approximation for Full Journal Bearing[J]. NACA Rept. : 1157-1953.
11 Lund W. J. Spring and Damping Coefficients for the Tilting-Pad Journal Bearing[J]. ASLE Transactions. 1964(7): 342-352.
12 Muszynska A. Whirl and whip-Rotor/bearing Stability Problems[J]. Journal of Sound Vibration. 1986, 110: 443-462.
13 Capone G. Descizione analitica del campo di forze fluidodinamico nei cuscinetti cilindrici lubrificati[J]. L’Energia Elettrica 3. 1991: 105-110.
14 De Castro Helio Fiori. Whirl and Whip Instabilities in Rotor-Bearing System Considering a Nonlinear Force Model[J]. JOURNAL OF SOUND ANDVIBRATION. 2008, 317: 273-293.
15杨金福,刘占生,于达仁,解永波.滑动轴承非线性动态油膜力及稳定性的研究[J].动力工程学报. 2004, 24(4): 501-504.
16杨金福,杨昆.滑动轴承非线性动态油膜压力分布特性的研究[J].动力工程学报. 2005, 25(4): 89-104.
17陈龙,郑铁生,张文,马建敏.轴承非线性油膜力的一种变分近似解[J].应用力学学报. 2002, 19(3): 90-95.
18宋强,孙逢春.滑动轴承油膜参数识别及稳定性研究综述[J].润滑与密封. 2002(4): 39-43.
19 Oscar C., De Santiago. Field Methods for Identification of Bearing Support Parameters-Part I: Identification from Transient Rotor Dynamic Response due to Impacts[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power. 2007, 129(1): 205-212.
20 Oscar C., De Santiago. Field Methods for Identification of Bearing Support Parameters-Part II: Identification from Transient Rotor Dynamic Response due to Impacts[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power. 2007, 129(1): 213-225.
21 Jerzy.t Sawicki, T.v.v.l. Rao. A Nonlinear Model for Prediction of Dynamic Coefficients in a Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing[J]. International Journal of Rotating Machinery. 2004, 10(6): 507-513.
22 S.x. Zhao, X.d. Dai. An Experimental Study of Nonlinear Oil-film Forces of a Journal Bearing[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration. 2005, 287: 827-843.
23 Zalesny J., Marczynski S., Lisak M., Anderson D., Galkowski A., Berczynski P., Berczynski S., Rogowski R. Mechanical Analogy of the Nonlinear Dynamics of a Driven Unstable Mode Near Marginal Stability[J]. Physics of Plasmas. 2009, 16(2): 22110-22119.
24 Petrov E. P. Analysis of Sensitivity and Robustness of Forced Response for Nonlinear Dynamic Structures[J]. 2009, 23(1): 68-86.
25高亹,张新江,张勇.非线性转子动力学问题研究综述[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版). 2002, 32(3): 443-451.
26 F.f. Ehrich. Some Observations of Chaotic Vibration Phenomena in High Speed Rotordynamics[J]. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics. 1991, 113: 50-57.
27 Renato Brancati, Michele Russo. On the Stability of an Unbalanced Rigid Rotoron Lubricated Journal Bearing[J]. Nonlinear Dynamics. 1996, 10: 251-269.
28 G. Adiletta, A.r. Guido, C. Rossi. Chaotic Motions of a Rigid Rotor in Short Journal Bearings[J]. Nonlinear Dynamics. 1996, 10: 251-269.
29 G. Adiletta, A.r. Guido, C. Rossi. Nonlinear Dynamics of a Rigid Unbalanced Rotor in Journal bearings. Part I:Theoretical Analysis[J]. Nonlinear Dynamics. 1997, 14: 57-87.
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