骆驼城土遗址抗震稳定性研究
|
摘要
土遗址是我国不可移动文物领域的重要组成部分,在我国的西北地区赋存有许多处国家级重点保护文物。历经千百年的岁月,承受多种病害侵损的土遗址存在着不同程度的安全隐患；同时许多土遗址更是位处于强震多发地区,地震潜在危害不容忽视。因此,开展土遗址抗震稳定性分析,并对其进行安全性评价,对于土遗址的抗震防护以及防灾减灾具有重要意义。
本文以甘肃省高台地区国家级重点文物保护单位——骆驼城土遗址为例,通过实地调查、现场测绘、资料查阅等方式厘清了骆驼城土遗址的工程地质与岩土工程等条件,分析了其病害特征及成因机制；通过原位动力测试、室内试验、资料查阅等手段获取了土遗址基本的物理力学参数；利用了MATLAB数值软件对计算参数进行了统计；通过数值模拟,对骆驼城土遗址分别进行了模态分析、瞬时动力学分析、伪动力可靠度、动力可靠度分析、敏感度以及参数相关性分析。以破坏阈值为判定标准,对骆驼城土遗址在地震荷载作用下的稳定性进行了评估并得出了具有显著意义的结论。本文取得的主要进展与结果具体如下：
1.厘清了骆驼城土遗址所在区域范围内的气象、水文、地质、地震活动性等工程地质与岩土工程条件,分析研究了骆驼城土遗址的建筑形制、病害特征、病害成因及保护现状。
2.分析研究了骆驼城土遗址构筑材料的常规物性参数和动力学参数,包括振型、自振频率、波速、弹性模量、阻尼比、泊松比、抗剪强度以及材料的极限应力等。
3.基于地震动能量分布理论,利用小波算法设计了输入地震动的小波优化法,有效提高了计算效率,在保证计算精度的基础上改进了随机有限元的计算方法,并通过振型分解法对三层框架结构的计算,验证了优化计算方法的可靠性。
4.计算了不同边界约束下骆驼城土遗址的模态特征,分析了不同烈度下城墙的位移场、加速度和应力场的基本分布特征与变化规律和土遗址发生破坏的可能模式及其破坏条件。
5.综合分析了概率统计理论应用于土遗址抗震稳定性研究的适用性与优势,将改进的伪动力可靠度和动力可靠度方法引入土遗址抗震稳定性的分析研究中,建立了联合试验数据与计算结果对土遗址抗震稳定性进行判定的方法。
6.通过计算基于一定分布特征的随机输入和输出变量的敏感性和相关性,分析研究了地震力、墙体密度、材料泊松比和墙体的相对独立长度对土遗址抗震稳定性能产生影响的程度和方式。
Earthen ruins are important part of our country immovable cultural relics, there are many national key protecting of earthen ruin in the northwest of China. During thousands of years, earthen ruins, which suffered from various diseases, have different degree safety hazard. Meanwhile, lots of earthen ruins locate in strong earthquake areas and the potential danger of earthquake can't be neglected. Therefore, it is important for seismic protection, disaster prevention and mitigation of earthen ruins to analyze seismic stability and conduct safety evaluation of soil sites.
Taking the national key protecting cultural relics in Gaotai of Gansu province—earthen ruins of Camel city as a example, through field investigation, site mapping, references research and other ways, engineering geology and geotechnical engineering of earthen ruins in Camel city are clarified; the disease characteristics and formation mechanism are analyzed. The basic physical parameter and mechanical parameters of earthen ruins are obtained by in-situ dynamic test, indoor test, references research. The calculating parameters are counted utilizing MATLAB numerical software. Through numerical simulation, the following analysis are conducted respectively for earthen ruins in Camel city, including modal analysis, instantaneous dynamics analysis, pseudo dynamic reliability and dynamic reliability analysis, sensitivity, and correlation analysis. Finally, taking the damage threshold as criteria, the generally regular conclusions of stability for earthen ruins in Camel city under seismic load is drawn. The main progress and results of this thesis are specifically as follows:
1. The engineering geology and geotechnical engineering conditions including climate, hydrology, geology, seismic activity and so on within the scope of the areas of earthen ruins in Camel city, in addition, the architectural form, disease characteristics, diseases causing and protection status of earthen ruins in Camel city are clarified.
2. Conventionally physical parameter and dynamical parameters of building materials of earthen ruins in Camel city are gained, including mode of vibration, natural frequency, wave velocity, elastic modulus, damping ratio, poisson ratio, shear strength and material limit stress, etc.
3. Based on the theory of ground vibration energy distribution, the computing efficiency is improved effectively by making use of wavelet optimization method which designs the input ground vibration using wavelet algorithm. Computing method of stochastic finite element method is meliorated on the foundation of ensuring computing precision. Furthermore, the reliability of optimizing calculation method is verified through calculating three-story frame structure by utilizing the mode of decomposition method.
4. The modal characteristics of earthen ruins in Camel city with different boundary constraint are calculated. The basic distribution characteristics and changing regularity of displacement field, acceleration and stress field of walls with different intensity, the possible damage mode of earthen ruins and failure condition are analyzed.
5. The applicability and advantage of probability and statistics theory method applied to seismic stability research for earthen ruins are comprehensively analyzed. The improved pseudo dynamic reliability and dynamic reliability are introduced to study seismic stability of earthen ruins; the judging method associated test data and computing results for seismic stability of earthen ruins is established.
6. Through calculating the correlation and sensitivity of random input and output variables based on certain distribution characteristics, the impact manner and degree of seismic forces, wall density, material Poisson ratio and the relatively independent length of wall on seismic stability properties of earthen ruins is analyzed.
This paper is financed by Gansu province scientific support plan (0708NKCF089) funding.
本文以甘肃省高台地区国家级重点文物保护单位——骆驼城土遗址为例,通过实地调查、现场测绘、资料查阅等方式厘清了骆驼城土遗址的工程地质与岩土工程等条件,分析了其病害特征及成因机制；通过原位动力测试、室内试验、资料查阅等手段获取了土遗址基本的物理力学参数；利用了MATLAB数值软件对计算参数进行了统计；通过数值模拟,对骆驼城土遗址分别进行了模态分析、瞬时动力学分析、伪动力可靠度、动力可靠度分析、敏感度以及参数相关性分析。以破坏阈值为判定标准,对骆驼城土遗址在地震荷载作用下的稳定性进行了评估并得出了具有显著意义的结论。本文取得的主要进展与结果具体如下：
1.厘清了骆驼城土遗址所在区域范围内的气象、水文、地质、地震活动性等工程地质与岩土工程条件,分析研究了骆驼城土遗址的建筑形制、病害特征、病害成因及保护现状。
2.分析研究了骆驼城土遗址构筑材料的常规物性参数和动力学参数,包括振型、自振频率、波速、弹性模量、阻尼比、泊松比、抗剪强度以及材料的极限应力等。
3.基于地震动能量分布理论,利用小波算法设计了输入地震动的小波优化法,有效提高了计算效率,在保证计算精度的基础上改进了随机有限元的计算方法,并通过振型分解法对三层框架结构的计算,验证了优化计算方法的可靠性。
4.计算了不同边界约束下骆驼城土遗址的模态特征,分析了不同烈度下城墙的位移场、加速度和应力场的基本分布特征与变化规律和土遗址发生破坏的可能模式及其破坏条件。
5.综合分析了概率统计理论应用于土遗址抗震稳定性研究的适用性与优势,将改进的伪动力可靠度和动力可靠度方法引入土遗址抗震稳定性的分析研究中,建立了联合试验数据与计算结果对土遗址抗震稳定性进行判定的方法。
6.通过计算基于一定分布特征的随机输入和输出变量的敏感性和相关性,分析研究了地震力、墙体密度、材料泊松比和墙体的相对独立长度对土遗址抗震稳定性能产生影响的程度和方式。
Earthen ruins are important part of our country immovable cultural relics, there are many national key protecting of earthen ruin in the northwest of China. During thousands of years, earthen ruins, which suffered from various diseases, have different degree safety hazard. Meanwhile, lots of earthen ruins locate in strong earthquake areas and the potential danger of earthquake can't be neglected. Therefore, it is important for seismic protection, disaster prevention and mitigation of earthen ruins to analyze seismic stability and conduct safety evaluation of soil sites.
Taking the national key protecting cultural relics in Gaotai of Gansu province—earthen ruins of Camel city as a example, through field investigation, site mapping, references research and other ways, engineering geology and geotechnical engineering of earthen ruins in Camel city are clarified; the disease characteristics and formation mechanism are analyzed. The basic physical parameter and mechanical parameters of earthen ruins are obtained by in-situ dynamic test, indoor test, references research. The calculating parameters are counted utilizing MATLAB numerical software. Through numerical simulation, the following analysis are conducted respectively for earthen ruins in Camel city, including modal analysis, instantaneous dynamics analysis, pseudo dynamic reliability and dynamic reliability analysis, sensitivity, and correlation analysis. Finally, taking the damage threshold as criteria, the generally regular conclusions of stability for earthen ruins in Camel city under seismic load is drawn. The main progress and results of this thesis are specifically as follows:
1. The engineering geology and geotechnical engineering conditions including climate, hydrology, geology, seismic activity and so on within the scope of the areas of earthen ruins in Camel city, in addition, the architectural form, disease characteristics, diseases causing and protection status of earthen ruins in Camel city are clarified.
2. Conventionally physical parameter and dynamical parameters of building materials of earthen ruins in Camel city are gained, including mode of vibration, natural frequency, wave velocity, elastic modulus, damping ratio, poisson ratio, shear strength and material limit stress, etc.
3. Based on the theory of ground vibration energy distribution, the computing efficiency is improved effectively by making use of wavelet optimization method which designs the input ground vibration using wavelet algorithm. Computing method of stochastic finite element method is meliorated on the foundation of ensuring computing precision. Furthermore, the reliability of optimizing calculation method is verified through calculating three-story frame structure by utilizing the mode of decomposition method.
4. The modal characteristics of earthen ruins in Camel city with different boundary constraint are calculated. The basic distribution characteristics and changing regularity of displacement field, acceleration and stress field of walls with different intensity, the possible damage mode of earthen ruins and failure condition are analyzed.
5. The applicability and advantage of probability and statistics theory method applied to seismic stability research for earthen ruins are comprehensively analyzed. The improved pseudo dynamic reliability and dynamic reliability are introduced to study seismic stability of earthen ruins; the judging method associated test data and computing results for seismic stability of earthen ruins is established.
6. Through calculating the correlation and sensitivity of random input and output variables based on certain distribution characteristics, the impact manner and degree of seismic forces, wall density, material Poisson ratio and the relatively independent length of wall on seismic stability properties of earthen ruins is analyzed.
This paper is financed by Gansu province scientific support plan (0708NKCF089) funding.
引文
[1]吴荭.甘肃高台县骆驼城墓葬的发掘[J].考古,2003,(6)
[2]胡明清.丝绸之路典型土遗址地震破坏机理与抗震安全性研究[D].兰州：中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2008.
[3]刘进宝.骆驼城遗址[J].丝绸之路,1994,(3)
[4]曹娜,雷中生,袁道阳等.公元180年甘肃表氏地震考[J].地震学报2010,11.Vol32,No.16.
[5]国家地震局兰州地震研究所.1985.陕甘宁青四省(区)强地震目录[M].西安：陕西科学技术出版社：8.
[6]国家地震局兰州地震研究所.1989.甘肃省地震资料汇编[M].北京：地震出版社：16.
[7]贝弗尔LD.土壤物理学[M].北京：农业出版社,1983
[8]王万忠,焦菊英.黄土高原降雨寝室产沙秘黄河输沙[M].北京：科学出版社,1996
[9]赵宇,何淑芬,崔鹏.用固体力学化学理论研究岩土的力学化学行为[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(2)：70-74
[10]李并成甘肃省高台县骆驼城遗址新考[J]中国历史地理论丛Vol.21,No.1,2006
[11]王兰民等.黄土动力学[M].北京：地震出版社,2003.
[12]吴世民等.土动力学[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[13]刘祖典.黄土力学与工程[M].陕西：陕西省优秀科学文艺著作出版基金资助,1996.
[14]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京：地震出版社,2006.
[15]SHI,Yucheng, LI Shu, ZOU,Lihua. et al. Design of Wavelet Adjusting Method In Preliminary Seismic Analysis.[C] 2010 International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Application. IEEE CPS,2010:590-595.
[16]梁涛.新疆苏巴什佛寺遗址保护加固研究[D].兰州：兰州大学,2010.
[17]李最雄.丝绸之路古遗址保护[M].北京：科学出版社,2003.
[18]李最雄,王旭东.古代土建筑遗址保护加固研究的新进展[J].敦煌研究,1997,(4)：167-172
[19]石玉成.黄土场地的脉动特征及地震工程意义[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版)Vol.37(5),2001
[20]石玉成.石窟文物病害成因分析及其对策研究[J].自然灾害学报.Vol.6(1),1997
[21]石玉成,蔡红卫,徐晖平,刘红玫；石窟围岩及其附属构筑物地震稳定性评价方法研究[J]；西北地震学报；2000年01期.
[22]Robert E. Englekirk.1997. Geotechnical Issues in the conservation of sites. Conservation of Ancient Sites on the Silk Road. Proceedings of an International Conference on the Conservation of Grotto sites edite by Neville Agnem,147-158.
[23]刘琨,石玉成,卢玉霞,等.玉门关段汉长城墙体结构抗震性能研究[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(1)：47-52.
[24]石玉成,胡明清,李舒.不同地震荷载作用下土遗址的动力响应分析[A]；岩石力学与工程的创新和实践：第十一次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集[C]；2010年.
[25]石玉成.1996.未来地震灾害对敦煌莫高窟及其附属建筑物的影响,西北地震学报,18(3)：42-47.
[26]黄土地区农村民房生土建筑墙体材料抗震性能试验研究,王峻,2005
[27]中国干旱环境中土遗址保护关键技术研究新进展[J].敦煌研究王旭东,2008
[28]白崇斌,马涛.古遗址科学保护的探讨与实践.
[29]石玉成,蔡红卫.石窟围岩及其附属构筑物地震稳定性评价方法研究[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(1)：83-89.
[30]牟会庞,杨志法,伍法权.石窟文物保护的工程地质力学研究.北京：地质出版社,2000.
[31]付长华,石玉成.地震荷载下莫高窟围岩动态损伤特性研究.西北地震学报,2004,26(3)：266-273.
[32]高峰,石玉成,韦凯,秋仁东.锚杆加固对石窟地震反应的影响.世界地震工程,2006,22(2)：84-88.
[32]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[33]建筑结构抗震可靠性及极端波浪对海洋导管架平台作用的模型试验研究庄一舟,1998
[34]石玉成王旭东.甘肃地区石窟文物保护中的地震危害性估计[J].敦煌研究.NO.5.2005
[35]王峻.2005.6.黄土地区农村民房生土建筑墙体材料抗震性能试验研究.西北地震学报27(2)：158-162.
[36]李最雄,赵林毅,孙满利.中国丝绸之路土遗址的病害及PS加固[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(5)：1 047-1054.
[37]李最雄,王旭东.古代土建筑遗址保护加固研究的新进展[J].敦煌研究,1997,(4)：167-172.
[38]赵海英,李最雄,韩文峰,等.西北干旱区土遗址的主要病害及成因[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2)：2875-2880.
[39]孙满利,李最雄,王旭东,等.干旱区土遗址病害的分类研究[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(6)：772-778.
[40]张亚宁郭庆十,遥感卫星知几多巡天遥看一千河——人造地球卫星应用简介,2008年
[41]高峰,石玉成,韦凯,等.锚杆加固对石窟地震反应的影响[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(2)：84-88.
[42]庄一舟,建筑结构抗震可靠性及极端波浪对海洋导管架平台作用的模型试验研究,1998
[43]ZHANG Shi-zheng, ZHANG Shi-zheng. The elementary method of architectural reliability and realization by software named ANSYS. Journal of Guangxi University (Natural Science Edition).2006-s1.
[44]石玉成,蔡红卫,徐晖平.场地地震反应分析中的不确定性及其处理办法[J]；西北地震学报.1999,09,Vol21(3).
[45]S. Kadambe, and G. F. Boudreaux-Barters, "A comparsion of the existence of "cross term" inwignerdistribution and the aquared magnitude of the wavelet transform and the short timeFouriertransform,".IEEE. Trans Aignal Processing,40(10), pp:2498-2515,1992.
[46]范留明,黄润秋,吉随旺,地震动信号的小波分析(J),物探化探技术,No.1.Vol.2
[47]王超,任伟新,黄天立,基于小波的非线性结构系统识别(J),振动与冲击,No.3,vol.28,2009
[48]JON IYAMA, HITOSHI KOWAMORA, "Application of wavelets to analysis and simulation of earthquake motions," Earthquake engineering and Structure dynamics, vol.28,1999, pp:255-272.
[49]樊剑,刘铁,魏俊杰,基于小波包变换的人工地震波合成(J),华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.36,No.3,Mar 2008.
[50]D. Newland, "Wavelet analysis of virbration," J. Vib. Acoust Trans. ASME, vol.116,1994, pp: 409-425.
[51]段雪平,朱宏平,地震作用下结构动力响应的小波分析(J),华中理工大学学报,Vol.28,No.11,PP：74-78,Nov.2000.
[52]文建波,周建雄,张陵,设计地震波的小波多尺度调整(J),振动工程学报, No.3,Vol.22,Jue.2002.
[53]蒋建国,周绪红,邹银生,段绍伟,小波分析在但自由度动力分析中的应用(J),湖南大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.29,No.5,oct.2002
[54]谢异同,张同亿,吴敏哲,时程分析中设计地震动调整的小波分析方法(J), 地震工程与工程振动,Vol.22,No.3,Jue.2002.
[55]周瑞忠,吴琛,周小平,求解结构动力响应的小波分解法(J),地震工程与工程振动,Vol.25,No.6,Dec.2005.
[56]Hui. Cao, et al, "The analysis of earthquake waves based on nonlinear response of restructure," Proc. of 2th Biennial ASME Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Manchester,2004:5803.
[57]Eysa. Salajegheh, Ali Heidari, "Time history dynamic analysis of structures using filter banks transforms," Computers and Structures, vol.83,2005, pp.53-68.
[58]谢礼立,于双久.强震观测与分析原理[M].北京：地震出版社,1982.
[59]J. P. Wolf, "Dynamic soil-structure interaction," Englewood Cliffs:Prentice-Hall. Inc,1985.
[60]S. Mallat, "Zero-crossing of a wavelet transform,"IEEE. Transform on Information Theory, vol. 137(4),1991, pp:1019-1032.
[61]K. Gurley, T. Kjjewski, and A. Kareem, "First and higher-order correlation petection using wavelet transforms," Journal of Engineering mechanics, Feb.2003,10.1061 (ACE),0733-9399(2003).
[62]飞思科技产品研发中心.小波分析理论与MATLAB7实现.北京：电子工业出版社,2005
[63]徐赵东,郭迎庆.MATLAB语言在建筑抗震工程中的应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2004.
[64]杨福生.小波变换的工程分析与应用.北京：科学出版社,2003
[65]徐长发,李国宽.实用小波方法.武昌：：华中科技大学出版社,2004
[66]刘涛,曾祥利,曾军.实用小波分析入门.北京：国防工业出版社,2006
[67]任伟新,韩建国,孙增寿.小波分析在土木工程结构中的应用.北京：中国铁道出版社,2006
[68]邹立华,刘爱平,柴新建,戴素亮,董博.利用小波重构合成地震波方法及特性研究[J].地震学报,2007,29(6).
[69]Zou Lihua, Liu Aiping, Cai Xinjian, Shang Xin, Dai Suliang, DongBo.Study on the characteristic and method of synthesis Earthquake wave based on the Wavelet reconstruction [J]. Acta Seismoligica Sinica,2007, Vol.29, No.6.
[70]刘爱平,邹立华,戴素亮,董博.振动控制研究中的小波包降噪处理[J].振动与冲击,2008年第2期.
[71]邹立华,刘爱平,柴新建,戴素亮,董博.利用小波重构合成地震波方法及特性研究[J].地震学报,2007,29(6).
[72]石玉成,张杰.敦煌莫高窟主要病害及防治对策[J].西北地震学报.Vo1.19(2),1997
[73]李舒,石玉成,霍元坤等.基于MATLAB的地震动信号小波降噪[J].甘肃科技,2010,26(15)：54-55.
[74]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[75]李广信.高等土力学[M]北京：清华大学出版社,2002.
[76]马文英,周玉娟等.地震荷载动力分析与工程结构可靠度设计原理[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009.
[77]石玉成,邹立华,李舒.基于小波包的地震波优化处理[J].兰州大学学报,2010专辑,46Supp：132：-137.
[78]孙满利,王旭东,李最雄.土遗址保护处论[M].北京：科学出版社,2010.
[79]胡聿贤.地震安全性评价技术教程[M].北京：地震出版社,2007.
[80]孙军杰.黄土场地震陷与桩基负摩阻力现场实验研究[D].兰州：兰州大学,2010.
[2]胡明清.丝绸之路典型土遗址地震破坏机理与抗震安全性研究[D].兰州：中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2008.
[3]刘进宝.骆驼城遗址[J].丝绸之路,1994,(3)
[4]曹娜,雷中生,袁道阳等.公元180年甘肃表氏地震考[J].地震学报2010,11.Vol32,No.16.
[5]国家地震局兰州地震研究所.1985.陕甘宁青四省(区)强地震目录[M].西安：陕西科学技术出版社：8.
[6]国家地震局兰州地震研究所.1989.甘肃省地震资料汇编[M].北京：地震出版社：16.
[7]贝弗尔LD.土壤物理学[M].北京：农业出版社,1983
[8]王万忠,焦菊英.黄土高原降雨寝室产沙秘黄河输沙[M].北京：科学出版社,1996
[9]赵宇,何淑芬,崔鹏.用固体力学化学理论研究岩土的力学化学行为[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(2)：70-74
[10]李并成甘肃省高台县骆驼城遗址新考[J]中国历史地理论丛Vol.21,No.1,2006
[11]王兰民等.黄土动力学[M].北京：地震出版社,2003.
[12]吴世民等.土动力学[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[13]刘祖典.黄土力学与工程[M].陕西：陕西省优秀科学文艺著作出版基金资助,1996.
[14]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京：地震出版社,2006.
[15]SHI,Yucheng, LI Shu, ZOU,Lihua. et al. Design of Wavelet Adjusting Method In Preliminary Seismic Analysis.[C] 2010 International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Application. IEEE CPS,2010:590-595.
[16]梁涛.新疆苏巴什佛寺遗址保护加固研究[D].兰州：兰州大学,2010.
[17]李最雄.丝绸之路古遗址保护[M].北京：科学出版社,2003.
[18]李最雄,王旭东.古代土建筑遗址保护加固研究的新进展[J].敦煌研究,1997,(4)：167-172
[19]石玉成.黄土场地的脉动特征及地震工程意义[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版)Vol.37(5),2001
[20]石玉成.石窟文物病害成因分析及其对策研究[J].自然灾害学报.Vol.6(1),1997
[21]石玉成,蔡红卫,徐晖平,刘红玫；石窟围岩及其附属构筑物地震稳定性评价方法研究[J]；西北地震学报；2000年01期.
[22]Robert E. Englekirk.1997. Geotechnical Issues in the conservation of sites. Conservation of Ancient Sites on the Silk Road. Proceedings of an International Conference on the Conservation of Grotto sites edite by Neville Agnem,147-158.
[23]刘琨,石玉成,卢玉霞,等.玉门关段汉长城墙体结构抗震性能研究[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(1)：47-52.
[24]石玉成,胡明清,李舒.不同地震荷载作用下土遗址的动力响应分析[A]；岩石力学与工程的创新和实践：第十一次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集[C]；2010年.
[25]石玉成.1996.未来地震灾害对敦煌莫高窟及其附属建筑物的影响,西北地震学报,18(3)：42-47.
[26]黄土地区农村民房生土建筑墙体材料抗震性能试验研究,王峻,2005
[27]中国干旱环境中土遗址保护关键技术研究新进展[J].敦煌研究王旭东,2008
[28]白崇斌,马涛.古遗址科学保护的探讨与实践.
[29]石玉成,蔡红卫.石窟围岩及其附属构筑物地震稳定性评价方法研究[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(1)：83-89.
[30]牟会庞,杨志法,伍法权.石窟文物保护的工程地质力学研究.北京：地质出版社,2000.
[31]付长华,石玉成.地震荷载下莫高窟围岩动态损伤特性研究.西北地震学报,2004,26(3)：266-273.
[32]高峰,石玉成,韦凯,秋仁东.锚杆加固对石窟地震反应的影响.世界地震工程,2006,22(2)：84-88.
[32]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[33]建筑结构抗震可靠性及极端波浪对海洋导管架平台作用的模型试验研究庄一舟,1998
[34]石玉成王旭东.甘肃地区石窟文物保护中的地震危害性估计[J].敦煌研究.NO.5.2005
[35]王峻.2005.6.黄土地区农村民房生土建筑墙体材料抗震性能试验研究.西北地震学报27(2)：158-162.
[36]李最雄,赵林毅,孙满利.中国丝绸之路土遗址的病害及PS加固[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(5)：1 047-1054.
[37]李最雄,王旭东.古代土建筑遗址保护加固研究的新进展[J].敦煌研究,1997,(4)：167-172.
[38]赵海英,李最雄,韩文峰,等.西北干旱区土遗址的主要病害及成因[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2)：2875-2880.
[39]孙满利,李最雄,王旭东,等.干旱区土遗址病害的分类研究[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(6)：772-778.
[40]张亚宁郭庆十,遥感卫星知几多巡天遥看一千河——人造地球卫星应用简介,2008年
[41]高峰,石玉成,韦凯,等.锚杆加固对石窟地震反应的影响[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(2)：84-88.
[42]庄一舟,建筑结构抗震可靠性及极端波浪对海洋导管架平台作用的模型试验研究,1998
[43]ZHANG Shi-zheng, ZHANG Shi-zheng. The elementary method of architectural reliability and realization by software named ANSYS. Journal of Guangxi University (Natural Science Edition).2006-s1.
[44]石玉成,蔡红卫,徐晖平.场地地震反应分析中的不确定性及其处理办法[J]；西北地震学报.1999,09,Vol21(3).
[45]S. Kadambe, and G. F. Boudreaux-Barters, "A comparsion of the existence of "cross term" inwignerdistribution and the aquared magnitude of the wavelet transform and the short timeFouriertransform,".IEEE. Trans Aignal Processing,40(10), pp:2498-2515,1992.
[46]范留明,黄润秋,吉随旺,地震动信号的小波分析(J),物探化探技术,No.1.Vol.2
[47]王超,任伟新,黄天立,基于小波的非线性结构系统识别(J),振动与冲击,No.3,vol.28,2009
[48]JON IYAMA, HITOSHI KOWAMORA, "Application of wavelets to analysis and simulation of earthquake motions," Earthquake engineering and Structure dynamics, vol.28,1999, pp:255-272.
[49]樊剑,刘铁,魏俊杰,基于小波包变换的人工地震波合成(J),华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.36,No.3,Mar 2008.
[50]D. Newland, "Wavelet analysis of virbration," J. Vib. Acoust Trans. ASME, vol.116,1994, pp: 409-425.
[51]段雪平,朱宏平,地震作用下结构动力响应的小波分析(J),华中理工大学学报,Vol.28,No.11,PP：74-78,Nov.2000.
[52]文建波,周建雄,张陵,设计地震波的小波多尺度调整(J),振动工程学报, No.3,Vol.22,Jue.2002.
[53]蒋建国,周绪红,邹银生,段绍伟,小波分析在但自由度动力分析中的应用(J),湖南大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.29,No.5,oct.2002
[54]谢异同,张同亿,吴敏哲,时程分析中设计地震动调整的小波分析方法(J), 地震工程与工程振动,Vol.22,No.3,Jue.2002.
[55]周瑞忠,吴琛,周小平,求解结构动力响应的小波分解法(J),地震工程与工程振动,Vol.25,No.6,Dec.2005.
[56]Hui. Cao, et al, "The analysis of earthquake waves based on nonlinear response of restructure," Proc. of 2th Biennial ASME Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Manchester,2004:5803.
[57]Eysa. Salajegheh, Ali Heidari, "Time history dynamic analysis of structures using filter banks transforms," Computers and Structures, vol.83,2005, pp.53-68.
[58]谢礼立,于双久.强震观测与分析原理[M].北京：地震出版社,1982.
[59]J. P. Wolf, "Dynamic soil-structure interaction," Englewood Cliffs:Prentice-Hall. Inc,1985.
[60]S. Mallat, "Zero-crossing of a wavelet transform,"IEEE. Transform on Information Theory, vol. 137(4),1991, pp:1019-1032.
[61]K. Gurley, T. Kjjewski, and A. Kareem, "First and higher-order correlation petection using wavelet transforms," Journal of Engineering mechanics, Feb.2003,10.1061 (ACE),0733-9399(2003).
[62]飞思科技产品研发中心.小波分析理论与MATLAB7实现.北京：电子工业出版社,2005
[63]徐赵东,郭迎庆.MATLAB语言在建筑抗震工程中的应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2004.
[64]杨福生.小波变换的工程分析与应用.北京：科学出版社,2003
[65]徐长发,李国宽.实用小波方法.武昌：：华中科技大学出版社,2004
[66]刘涛,曾祥利,曾军.实用小波分析入门.北京：国防工业出版社,2006
[67]任伟新,韩建国,孙增寿.小波分析在土木工程结构中的应用.北京：中国铁道出版社,2006
[68]邹立华,刘爱平,柴新建,戴素亮,董博.利用小波重构合成地震波方法及特性研究[J].地震学报,2007,29(6).
[69]Zou Lihua, Liu Aiping, Cai Xinjian, Shang Xin, Dai Suliang, DongBo.Study on the characteristic and method of synthesis Earthquake wave based on the Wavelet reconstruction [J]. Acta Seismoligica Sinica,2007, Vol.29, No.6.
[70]刘爱平,邹立华,戴素亮,董博.振动控制研究中的小波包降噪处理[J].振动与冲击,2008年第2期.
[71]邹立华,刘爱平,柴新建,戴素亮,董博.利用小波重构合成地震波方法及特性研究[J].地震学报,2007,29(6).
[72]石玉成,张杰.敦煌莫高窟主要病害及防治对策[J].西北地震学报.Vo1.19(2),1997
[73]李舒,石玉成,霍元坤等.基于MATLAB的地震动信号小波降噪[J].甘肃科技,2010,26(15)：54-55.
[74]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[75]李广信.高等土力学[M]北京：清华大学出版社,2002.
[76]马文英,周玉娟等.地震荷载动力分析与工程结构可靠度设计原理[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009.
[77]石玉成,邹立华,李舒.基于小波包的地震波优化处理[J].兰州大学学报,2010专辑,46Supp：132：-137.
[78]孙满利,王旭东,李最雄.土遗址保护处论[M].北京：科学出版社,2010.
[79]胡聿贤.地震安全性评价技术教程[M].北京：地震出版社,2007.
[80]孙军杰.黄土场地震陷与桩基负摩阻力现场实验研究[D].兰州：兰州大学,2010.