摘要
定罪论,是犯罪论中一个极为重要的问题。其重要性是:
(一)定罪是伴随犯罪概念和犯罪构成而运作的。犯罪概念解
决了什么是犯罪,犯罪构成解决犯罪是怎样成立的,但必须经
过定罪的认定,才发生法律效力;否则,就无任何意义。并且,
有些问题,如罪数、法条竞合、罪与非罪和罪与罪的界限;由
定罪论研究,显得科学合理。所以它具有犯罪概念、犯罪构成
之后的重要地位。(二)定罪,是司法机关的实践活动广泛运用
的极其重要的概念。
研究定罪具有十分重要的价值。定罪的一项基本任务就是
区分罪与非罪、罪与罪的界限,准确地认定犯罪,这是刑法理
论上的一个根本问题。自然具有重大的理论意义。而定罪的现
实价值就在于,正确定罪有利于树立社会主义法制的权威,可
以有效地实现刑法惩罚、教育功能和保障功能,预防犯罪。
从国内外对定罪研究的进展情况看,长期以来,西方刑法
理论一直没有把定罪问题作为刑法理论体系的重要内容专门加
以研究。20世纪30年代,定罪问题才受到前苏联刑法理论的
青睐;到60年代,成为研究的一个热点;到70年代,掀起了
研究的高潮。我国对定罪理论的研究起步更晚,1986年始引起
刑法学界的注意,1990年有专著出版。近几年,有许多刑法教
材、论著将定罪纳于刑法理论体系,研究逐步深入发展。
定罪是面广且深的问题,本题不可能构造定罪论的完整体
系,仅就定罪中的一些基本问题和重要迫切的问题作以研究,
以期抛砖引玉,引起人们对定罪理论的广泛重视。
The theory of declaring guilty, It is an extremely important problem in crime theory. Its importance is: (1) declaring guilty operate with following crime concept and constitutive elements of crime. What crime concept has been solved to commit crime, How constitutive elements of crime solved the crime to establish, But the one that must be declared guilty is asserted and just take legal effect; Otherwise, there is not any meaning. And, some questions, As quantity of crime, overlap of article of law, demarcation line of crime and not crime ,crime and guilty. To study all that ones through the theory of declaring guilty is rational and science. So it has a important position after crime concept and constitutive elements of crime. (2) Declaring guilty has extremely important concept that the practice activity of the judicial authority uses extensively.
Studying and declaring guilty has very important value. A basic task declared guilty distinguishes demarcating line of the crime and not crime, crime and guilty, Assert the crime accurately, this is a basic question in theory of criminal law. Have a great theory meaning naturally. And the realistic value declared guilty lies in .Confirm that the crime helps to establish the authority of the socialist legal system, Can realize criminal law and punish as well as the educational function, And ensuring the function effectively, And prevent the crime.
From looking in the progress of studied declaring guilty both at home and abroad, For a long time, The important content that the western criminal law theory has never regarded the question of
declaring guilty as the theoretical system of criminal law is studied specially. In the thirties of the 20th century, The favor that the question received by the former Soviet Union's criminal law theory ; By the sixties, become a focus studied; By the seventies, raised the climax studied. Our country starts later on ones that study declaring guilty, The beginning brought law's circles of punishment attention in 1986, there was monograph publication in 1990. In recent years, a lot of criminal law teaching materials, treatises put the theory of declaring guilty on the theoretical system of criminal law, Studying and developing deeply progressively.
It is a wide and deep problem to declaring guilty, It is impossible for the subject under discussion to construct the intact system of theory of declaring the guilty, Do it in order to study on the question of some basic problems and important and urgent ones while declaring guilty alone, In the hope of casting a brick to attract jade, Caused people's extensive attention to theory of declaring guilty.
引文
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[2] 何秉松:《论定罪》,载《政治与法律》1993年第6期。
[3] 王勇著:《定罪导论》,中国人民大学出版社1990年版,第11页。
[4] 高格:《定罪与量刑》(上卷),中国方正出版社1999年版,第18页。
[5] 周洪波:《定罪问题》,载赵秉志主编《刑法总论问题》第二卷第661页。
[6] 陈兴良:《刑法哲学》,中国政法大学出版社,1998年版。
[7] 高格:《定罪与量刑》(上卷),中国方正出版社,1999年版,第25页。
[8] 何秉松:《犯罪构成系统论》,中国法制出版社,1995年版,第439-441页。
[9] 李晓明:《刑法学》(上)法律出版社,第510-512页。
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[15] 《列宁全集》第23卷,第279页。
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[17] 高格著:《定罪与量刑》(上卷),中国方正出版社1999版,第38页。
[18] 高铭暄主骗:《刑法学》,法律出版社1982年版,第69页。
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[1] 曾榕,《定罪的根据是什么》,《法学研究》,1986年第3期,第32-36页。
[2] 陈泽杰,《主客观要件相统一是我国犯罪构成理论的核心》,《法学研究》,1986年第4期,第48-53页。
[1] 《刑法学》,高铭暄主编,法律出版社,1982年版。
[2] 《罪与非罪、罪与罪的界限》,欧阳涛等著,人民法院出版,1985年版。
[3] 《定罪通论》,[苏]B·H·库德里亚夫采夫著,李益前译,中国展望出版,1989年版。
[4] 《定罪导论》,王勇著,中国人民大学出版社,1990年版。
[5] 《犯罪通论》马克昌主编,武汉大学出版社,1991年版。《刑法学通论》,赵秉志、吴振兴主编,高等教育出版社,1993年版。
[6] 《犯罪构成系统论》,何秉松著,中国法制出版社,1995年版。
[7] 《刑法哲学》,陈兴良著,中国政法大学出版社,1997年版。
[8] 《定罪与量刑》,高格著,中国方正出版社,1999年版。
[9] 《刑法学》,李晓明主编,2000年版。
[10] 《刑法基础理论研究》,刘生荣、费丁全主编,法律出版社,2001年版。