ABS/PMMA共混技术的研究
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摘要
ABS/PMMA进行熔融共混可以提高ABS的综合力学性能和光泽度,生产对光泽度和硬度要求较高的电器外壳,一次性注塑成型,无须外加抛光、打磨等工序。将ABS/PMMA共混应用于生产对光泽度和硬度要求较高的电器外壳,可以节省传统工艺抛光、喷涂等后处理工序,一次性注塑件即具有高光性,有效降低了生产成本,提高了市场竞争力。
本文介绍了工程材料共混改性的理论及设备,并根据共混理论确定运用了挤出工艺和注塑工艺来进行共混改性ABS/PMMA树脂,并深入研究了挤出成型过程中重要的因素和参数：混料挤出次数、主螺杆和喂料螺杆转速、各区段温度等对于ABS/PMMA聚合物的包括拉伸性能、冲击强度、表面硬度和断裂伸长率在内的综合力学性能和光学性能的影响；通过ABS/PMMA共混体系中PMMA含量不同的配比实验,以及向ABS/PMMA体系中添加抗氧剂等添加剂,研究配比及添加剂对于ABS/PMMA聚合物的综合力学性能的影响,进一步探求提高混料性能的途径和方法。
本文对于ABS/PMMA挤出成型过程中参数和挤出次数的设定,从而或得最优聚合物性能,具有一定的指导意义。同时本文中对于ABS/PMMA配比的研究,也是对其他相关ABS/PMMA配比研究实验的补充和论证,而文中在ABS/PMMA聚合物体系中加入添加剂的做法,为今后进一步研究ABS/PMMA聚合物共混改性提供了很好的思路和途径。
ABS/PMMA can improve mechanical properties of ABS and glossiness, comprehensive production to demand higher gloss and hardness of electrical housing, one-time injection molding, polishing, grinding and etc. Will the ABS/PMMA blending applied to production to demand higher gloss and hardness of electrical housing, can save the traditional craft polishing, coating, one-time after injection, which has effectively specular lower production cost, improve the market competitiveness.
The paper introduces the blend of engineering materials and equipment, and according to the theory of blending theory using extrusion process and injection molding process for blending modified ABS resin, and PMMA/in-depth study of the extrusion process parameters and the important factors, mixing extruding number, the screw and feed screw speed, each section temperature for ABS/PMMA alloy tensile properties, including the impact strength, elongation, surface hardness and the mechanical properties and optical properties, Through the ABS/PMMA blending system in different ratio of PMMA content, and the experiment of PMMA/ABS system to add additive such as antioxidants, research ratio and additives for ABS/PMMA alloy comprehensive mechanics performance of the influence and improve mixing the way and method of performance.
In this paper the ABS/PMMA extrusion molding and extrusion process parameters of The Times, or set of optimal alloy performance, has certain directive significance.
Also in this paper for ABS/PMMA ratio, demonstrate and add the research of other relevant ABS/PMMA ratio of experimental research. The supplemention in adding addition to ABS/PMMA alloy system for further research of ABS PMMA/blend alloy provides good ideas and approaches.
本文介绍了工程材料共混改性的理论及设备,并根据共混理论确定运用了挤出工艺和注塑工艺来进行共混改性ABS/PMMA树脂,并深入研究了挤出成型过程中重要的因素和参数：混料挤出次数、主螺杆和喂料螺杆转速、各区段温度等对于ABS/PMMA聚合物的包括拉伸性能、冲击强度、表面硬度和断裂伸长率在内的综合力学性能和光学性能的影响；通过ABS/PMMA共混体系中PMMA含量不同的配比实验,以及向ABS/PMMA体系中添加抗氧剂等添加剂,研究配比及添加剂对于ABS/PMMA聚合物的综合力学性能的影响,进一步探求提高混料性能的途径和方法。
本文对于ABS/PMMA挤出成型过程中参数和挤出次数的设定,从而或得最优聚合物性能,具有一定的指导意义。同时本文中对于ABS/PMMA配比的研究,也是对其他相关ABS/PMMA配比研究实验的补充和论证,而文中在ABS/PMMA聚合物体系中加入添加剂的做法,为今后进一步研究ABS/PMMA聚合物共混改性提供了很好的思路和途径。
ABS/PMMA can improve mechanical properties of ABS and glossiness, comprehensive production to demand higher gloss and hardness of electrical housing, one-time injection molding, polishing, grinding and etc. Will the ABS/PMMA blending applied to production to demand higher gloss and hardness of electrical housing, can save the traditional craft polishing, coating, one-time after injection, which has effectively specular lower production cost, improve the market competitiveness.
The paper introduces the blend of engineering materials and equipment, and according to the theory of blending theory using extrusion process and injection molding process for blending modified ABS resin, and PMMA/in-depth study of the extrusion process parameters and the important factors, mixing extruding number, the screw and feed screw speed, each section temperature for ABS/PMMA alloy tensile properties, including the impact strength, elongation, surface hardness and the mechanical properties and optical properties, Through the ABS/PMMA blending system in different ratio of PMMA content, and the experiment of PMMA/ABS system to add additive such as antioxidants, research ratio and additives for ABS/PMMA alloy comprehensive mechanics performance of the influence and improve mixing the way and method of performance.
In this paper the ABS/PMMA extrusion molding and extrusion process parameters of The Times, or set of optimal alloy performance, has certain directive significance.
Also in this paper for ABS/PMMA ratio, demonstrate and add the research of other relevant ABS/PMMA ratio of experimental research. The supplemention in adding addition to ABS/PMMA alloy system for further research of ABS PMMA/blend alloy provides good ideas and approaches.
引文
[1]顾书英,任杰.聚合物基复合材料[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2007：2,5,60
[2]吴培熙,张留城.聚合物共混改性[M].北京：中国轻工业出版社,1996：14-24
[3]王玉来.聚丙烯酸酯增韧改性PVC[D].天津：天津大学,2004：6
[4]Millar J. R.. Interpenetrating polymer networks styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers with two and three interpenetrating networks, and their sulphonates[J]. Chemical Society,1960,26(3):1311-1317
[5]黄强.PP/EPDM共混增容增韧材料的研究[D].黑龙江：黑龙江大学,2001：2
[6]冯之敬.制造工程与技术原理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2004：69
[7]王国全,王秀芬.聚合物改性[M].北京：中国轻工业出版社,2000：26-32,91-104,109
[8]王经武.塑料改性技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004：104-144
[9]C. P. Papadopoulou, N. K. Kalfoglou. Comparison of compatibilizer effectiveness for PET/PP blends:their mechanical, thermal and morphology characterization[J]. Polymer,2000,41(7):2543-2555
[10]俞喜菊,郑震,陆甲明,等.SEBS/HDPE共混物加工性能及力学性能的研究[J].塑料工业,2006,34(7)：39-42
[11]郭静,李楠,高清.聚醚酯酰胺对PA6纤维的抗静电改性研究[J].合成纤维工业,2008,31(2)：16-19
[12]韩冬冰,王慧敏.高分子材料概论[M].北京：中国石化出版社,2003：56
[13]吕坤,李齐方,田明,等.ABS/PMMA聚合物的配比与性能[J].塑料工业,2001,29(2)：32-33
[14]王斌,李雪,李炎.高光泽PMMA/ABS免喷涂材料HAM8560[J].现代塑料,2007,(11)：33-34
[15]洪重奎,金敏善,黄英超,等.不同PMMA对ABS/PMMA聚合物性能的影响[J].塑料科技,2002,(6)：1-4
[16]洪重奎,金敏善,黄英超,等.不同组成ABS对ABS/PMMA聚合物性能的影 响[J].中国塑料,2003,17(7)：28-30
[17]洪重奎,常平,张海霞,等.ABS/PMMA聚合物流变行为的研究[J].塑料科技,2003,(6)：1-3
[18]于环洋.ABS/PMMA聚合物性能研究[J].吉林建筑工程学院学报,2006,23(4)：40-42
[19]赵军峰,刘道伟.ABS/PMMA的配比对共混物性能的影响[J].河南工程学院学报,2008,20(1)：54-62
[20]钟佳伸.射出成型变模温方法与成品表面品质之研究[D].台湾：国立中央大学,1997：80.
[21]Z.Tadmor, C.G.Gogos.聚合物加工原理.耿孝正等译.北京：化工出版社,1990.
[22]Z.Tadmor, I.Klein.塑化挤出工程原理.夏廷文等译.北京：轻工出版社,1984.
[23]Z.塔莫尔.I.克莱因编著.塑化挤出工程原理.夏廷文等译.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1984.
[24][德]C.劳温代尔著.塑料挤出.陈文瑛译.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1996.
[25]N.G.Mecrum, C.P.Buckley, C.B.Bucknall. Principles of Polymer Engineering (second edition). OXFORD University Press,1997.
[26]朱复华.螺杆设计及其理论基础.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1992.
[27]Richard G. Griskey Ph. D. P. E. Polymer Process Engineering. Chapman and Hall,1995.
[28]James L.white.Rubber Processing Techology-Materials-Principles, New York:Hanser Publishers, Munich Viena,1995.
[29]耿孝正,张沛.塑料混合及设备.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1992.
[30]赵素合,张丽叶.聚合物加工工程.北京：中国轻工业出版社,2001
[31]刘英俊编.改性塑料行业之南.北京：中国轻工业出版社,2000.90
[32]朱林杰等.中国塑料,2000,14(6)：80-89
[33]薛平.塑料,1988,27(2)：21-25
[34]刘廷华.中国塑料,1996,10(5)：81-85
[35]柳和生.高分子材料科学与工程,1998,14(2)：8-11
[36]钱百年等.工程塑料应用,1998,26(6)：14-16
[37]李丽等.工程塑料应用,2000,14(7)：96-100
[38]Gessler, Albert M., William H., et al. Process for preparing a vulcanized blend of crystalline polypropylene and chlorinated butyl rubber[P]. US Patent:3037954, 1962-06-05
[39]北京化工大学,华南理工大学.塑料机械设计.北京：轻工业出版社
[40]张金根,杨晓慧,朱文炫,等.PC-ABS塑料聚合物的研制[J].工程塑料应用,1987,(2)：6-8
[41]冯之敬.制造工程与技术原理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2004：69
[42][日]市川常雄,日比昭.液压工程学.北京：机械工业出版社,1984.88-93
[43]黄锐主编.塑料工程手册.机械工业出版社,2000,上册：3-662,下册：1-40；157-187；740-780；877-941；1175-1186
[44]A.WHELAN.J.L. CRAFT. DEVELOPMENTS IN IN JECTION MOULDING-2. APPLED SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD LONDON and NEW JERSEY,1981..45-119
[45]王兴天主编.注塑成型技术.北京：化学工业出版社,1989
[2]吴培熙,张留城.聚合物共混改性[M].北京：中国轻工业出版社,1996：14-24
[3]王玉来.聚丙烯酸酯增韧改性PVC[D].天津：天津大学,2004：6
[4]Millar J. R.. Interpenetrating polymer networks styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers with two and three interpenetrating networks, and their sulphonates[J]. Chemical Society,1960,26(3):1311-1317
[5]黄强.PP/EPDM共混增容增韧材料的研究[D].黑龙江：黑龙江大学,2001：2
[6]冯之敬.制造工程与技术原理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2004：69
[7]王国全,王秀芬.聚合物改性[M].北京：中国轻工业出版社,2000：26-32,91-104,109
[8]王经武.塑料改性技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004：104-144
[9]C. P. Papadopoulou, N. K. Kalfoglou. Comparison of compatibilizer effectiveness for PET/PP blends:their mechanical, thermal and morphology characterization[J]. Polymer,2000,41(7):2543-2555
[10]俞喜菊,郑震,陆甲明,等.SEBS/HDPE共混物加工性能及力学性能的研究[J].塑料工业,2006,34(7)：39-42
[11]郭静,李楠,高清.聚醚酯酰胺对PA6纤维的抗静电改性研究[J].合成纤维工业,2008,31(2)：16-19
[12]韩冬冰,王慧敏.高分子材料概论[M].北京：中国石化出版社,2003：56
[13]吕坤,李齐方,田明,等.ABS/PMMA聚合物的配比与性能[J].塑料工业,2001,29(2)：32-33
[14]王斌,李雪,李炎.高光泽PMMA/ABS免喷涂材料HAM8560[J].现代塑料,2007,(11)：33-34
[15]洪重奎,金敏善,黄英超,等.不同PMMA对ABS/PMMA聚合物性能的影响[J].塑料科技,2002,(6)：1-4
[16]洪重奎,金敏善,黄英超,等.不同组成ABS对ABS/PMMA聚合物性能的影 响[J].中国塑料,2003,17(7)：28-30
[17]洪重奎,常平,张海霞,等.ABS/PMMA聚合物流变行为的研究[J].塑料科技,2003,(6)：1-3
[18]于环洋.ABS/PMMA聚合物性能研究[J].吉林建筑工程学院学报,2006,23(4)：40-42
[19]赵军峰,刘道伟.ABS/PMMA的配比对共混物性能的影响[J].河南工程学院学报,2008,20(1)：54-62
[20]钟佳伸.射出成型变模温方法与成品表面品质之研究[D].台湾：国立中央大学,1997：80.
[21]Z.Tadmor, C.G.Gogos.聚合物加工原理.耿孝正等译.北京：化工出版社,1990.
[22]Z.Tadmor, I.Klein.塑化挤出工程原理.夏廷文等译.北京：轻工出版社,1984.
[23]Z.塔莫尔.I.克莱因编著.塑化挤出工程原理.夏廷文等译.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1984.
[24][德]C.劳温代尔著.塑料挤出.陈文瑛译.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1996.
[25]N.G.Mecrum, C.P.Buckley, C.B.Bucknall. Principles of Polymer Engineering (second edition). OXFORD University Press,1997.
[26]朱复华.螺杆设计及其理论基础.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1992.
[27]Richard G. Griskey Ph. D. P. E. Polymer Process Engineering. Chapman and Hall,1995.
[28]James L.white.Rubber Processing Techology-Materials-Principles, New York:Hanser Publishers, Munich Viena,1995.
[29]耿孝正,张沛.塑料混合及设备.北京：中国轻工业出版社,1992.
[30]赵素合,张丽叶.聚合物加工工程.北京：中国轻工业出版社,2001
[31]刘英俊编.改性塑料行业之南.北京：中国轻工业出版社,2000.90
[32]朱林杰等.中国塑料,2000,14(6)：80-89
[33]薛平.塑料,1988,27(2)：21-25
[34]刘廷华.中国塑料,1996,10(5)：81-85
[35]柳和生.高分子材料科学与工程,1998,14(2)：8-11
[36]钱百年等.工程塑料应用,1998,26(6)：14-16
[37]李丽等.工程塑料应用,2000,14(7)：96-100
[38]Gessler, Albert M., William H., et al. Process for preparing a vulcanized blend of crystalline polypropylene and chlorinated butyl rubber[P]. US Patent:3037954, 1962-06-05
[39]北京化工大学,华南理工大学.塑料机械设计.北京：轻工业出版社
[40]张金根,杨晓慧,朱文炫,等.PC-ABS塑料聚合物的研制[J].工程塑料应用,1987,(2)：6-8
[41]冯之敬.制造工程与技术原理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2004：69
[42][日]市川常雄,日比昭.液压工程学.北京：机械工业出版社,1984.88-93
[43]黄锐主编.塑料工程手册.机械工业出版社,2000,上册：3-662,下册：1-40；157-187；740-780；877-941；1175-1186
[44]A.WHELAN.J.L. CRAFT. DEVELOPMENTS IN IN JECTION MOULDING-2. APPLED SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD LONDON and NEW JERSEY,1981..45-119
[45]王兴天主编.注塑成型技术.北京：化学工业出版社,1989