城市隧道施工影响下地层与建筑物结构的动态作用关系及其应用
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摘要
采用浅埋暗挖法进行城市地下工程施工时,隧道开挖产生的地层变形及应力释放必然会对周边环境产生一定程度的扰动,而由于城市环境的复杂性,隧道施工将不可避免地穿越大量既有建筑物,对其安全及正常使用造成破坏性影响。随着我国城市地下工程建设高潮的到来,这种现象将越来越多,所带来的问题也将更加突出。因此,研究浅埋暗挖隧道施工对邻近建筑物的影响及其控制具有重要的现实意义。
本论文在对国内外相关文献资料进行广泛调研的基础上,以厦门机场路一期工程JC3标段隧道穿越地表复杂建筑物群工程为背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场实测相结合的方法,对城市隧道浅埋暗挖法穿越既有建筑物工程所涉及的基础理论及关键技术等核心问题进行了系统深入的研究,取得了以下主要成果:
(1)针对浅埋暗挖法穿越既有建筑物施工特点,提出了隧道-土体-建筑物的动态相互作用关系,明确指出隧道施工对建筑物产生影响是通过地层变形及其传递来实现的,地层变形是隧道穿越施工中建筑物安全性控制的关键。
(2)依据隧道开挖地层变形机理,重点对变形地层与建筑物基础的动态相互作用展开了研究,并结合地层变形破坏的特点,研究了不同地层变形模式下建筑物基础的变形特点及受力机理,提出了相应的计算模型及其控制方法。
(3)结合工程监测及理论研究,系统分析了建筑物结构变形破坏的特点及其主要破坏模式,并进一步以砖混结构和框架结构为例,分析了建筑物在地层变形下的响应规律及其主要影响因素。
(4)以建筑物变位控制标准的研究为重点,提出了控制指标系统化的思想和方法,在此基础上,建立了控制标准制定的原则和工作程序,并结合工程实际,真实、详尽地阐述了控制标准的应用特点。
(5)提出了建筑物安全风险评估的基本内容和方法,并以地层及建筑物结构变位的过程控制和以注浆抬升为主要途径的过程恢复为重点,从理论分析和工程应用两方面进行了深入研究。
(6)以上述研究成果为基础,以风险辨识、风险评估、风险应对和风险监控四个方面作为关键支撑,形成了系统的城市隧道穿越建筑物施工风险控制体系,并将该体系在厦门机场路隧道穿越复杂建筑物的实际工程中进行了成功应用。
It is well-known that surrounding environment will be disturbed by strata deformation and stress relieving induced by shallow buried sub-surface excavated tunnel in urban area. Due to the complexity of urban environment, large numbers of existing buildings will be passed through and their safety and normal operation will be affected inevitably. As the construction climax of urban underground works is approaching in our country, this phenomenon is increasing and the followed problems are becoming more remarkable. Therefore it's very significant to study on the effect induced by tunnel excavation and control method for adjacent buildings.
Based on domestic and foreign documents and integrated existing project experience, taking Xiamen Airport Road JC3 section tunnel passing through existing buildings complex for example, and combined theoretical analysis with numerical simulation and field survey, this paper studied systematically and deeply on basic theory and key techniques etc., consequently a series of research findings are obtained.
(1) In the light of tunnel construction characteristics under existing buildings using shallow-buried method, the dynamic interaction relationship of tunnel-soil-building are proposed and strata deformation is the only medium by which tunnel excavation influences on building. Accordingly strata deformation is crux of the building safety control during tunnel construction.
(2) According to the mechanism of strata deformation, the dynamic interaction between deformed & deforming strata and building foundation is emphatically studied, and then deformation characteristics and stress mechanism of existing shallow foundation are studied in different ground deformation and damage mode, and the relevant analysis model and control method are established afterwards.
(3) Combined with project situ monitoring and theory study, structure deformation features and main damage modes are comprehensively analyzed, and furthermore taking brick-concrete structure and frame structure for example, the structure response law to strata deformation and its main influencing factors are demonstrated.
(4) Emphasizing building deformation control standard, the concept and method of control indexes systematization are put forward, on which basic principle and determination program of control standard as well as its application characteristics are factually and thoroughly interpreted based on project practice.
(5) The content and method of building safety risk assessment are put forward, and process control and process recovery using grouting uplift are then emphasized and studied deeply from theoretical analysis and engineering application.
(6) According to the research findings mentioned above, and supported by risk identification, risk assessment, risk response control and risk monitoring, a systematic risk control system of shallow-buried tunnel construction under existing building is established, which proved valuable and reliable through successful engineering application.
本论文在对国内外相关文献资料进行广泛调研的基础上,以厦门机场路一期工程JC3标段隧道穿越地表复杂建筑物群工程为背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场实测相结合的方法,对城市隧道浅埋暗挖法穿越既有建筑物工程所涉及的基础理论及关键技术等核心问题进行了系统深入的研究,取得了以下主要成果:
(1)针对浅埋暗挖法穿越既有建筑物施工特点,提出了隧道-土体-建筑物的动态相互作用关系,明确指出隧道施工对建筑物产生影响是通过地层变形及其传递来实现的,地层变形是隧道穿越施工中建筑物安全性控制的关键。
(2)依据隧道开挖地层变形机理,重点对变形地层与建筑物基础的动态相互作用展开了研究,并结合地层变形破坏的特点,研究了不同地层变形模式下建筑物基础的变形特点及受力机理,提出了相应的计算模型及其控制方法。
(3)结合工程监测及理论研究,系统分析了建筑物结构变形破坏的特点及其主要破坏模式,并进一步以砖混结构和框架结构为例,分析了建筑物在地层变形下的响应规律及其主要影响因素。
(4)以建筑物变位控制标准的研究为重点,提出了控制指标系统化的思想和方法,在此基础上,建立了控制标准制定的原则和工作程序,并结合工程实际,真实、详尽地阐述了控制标准的应用特点。
(5)提出了建筑物安全风险评估的基本内容和方法,并以地层及建筑物结构变位的过程控制和以注浆抬升为主要途径的过程恢复为重点,从理论分析和工程应用两方面进行了深入研究。
(6)以上述研究成果为基础,以风险辨识、风险评估、风险应对和风险监控四个方面作为关键支撑,形成了系统的城市隧道穿越建筑物施工风险控制体系,并将该体系在厦门机场路隧道穿越复杂建筑物的实际工程中进行了成功应用。
It is well-known that surrounding environment will be disturbed by strata deformation and stress relieving induced by shallow buried sub-surface excavated tunnel in urban area. Due to the complexity of urban environment, large numbers of existing buildings will be passed through and their safety and normal operation will be affected inevitably. As the construction climax of urban underground works is approaching in our country, this phenomenon is increasing and the followed problems are becoming more remarkable. Therefore it's very significant to study on the effect induced by tunnel excavation and control method for adjacent buildings.
Based on domestic and foreign documents and integrated existing project experience, taking Xiamen Airport Road JC3 section tunnel passing through existing buildings complex for example, and combined theoretical analysis with numerical simulation and field survey, this paper studied systematically and deeply on basic theory and key techniques etc., consequently a series of research findings are obtained.
(1) In the light of tunnel construction characteristics under existing buildings using shallow-buried method, the dynamic interaction relationship of tunnel-soil-building are proposed and strata deformation is the only medium by which tunnel excavation influences on building. Accordingly strata deformation is crux of the building safety control during tunnel construction.
(2) According to the mechanism of strata deformation, the dynamic interaction between deformed & deforming strata and building foundation is emphatically studied, and then deformation characteristics and stress mechanism of existing shallow foundation are studied in different ground deformation and damage mode, and the relevant analysis model and control method are established afterwards.
(3) Combined with project situ monitoring and theory study, structure deformation features and main damage modes are comprehensively analyzed, and furthermore taking brick-concrete structure and frame structure for example, the structure response law to strata deformation and its main influencing factors are demonstrated.
(4) Emphasizing building deformation control standard, the concept and method of control indexes systematization are put forward, on which basic principle and determination program of control standard as well as its application characteristics are factually and thoroughly interpreted based on project practice.
(5) The content and method of building safety risk assessment are put forward, and process control and process recovery using grouting uplift are then emphasized and studied deeply from theoretical analysis and engineering application.
(6) According to the research findings mentioned above, and supported by risk identification, risk assessment, risk response control and risk monitoring, a systematic risk control system of shallow-buried tunnel construction under existing building is established, which proved valuable and reliable through successful engineering application.
引文
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