闽江河口短叶茳芏湿地甲烷产生、氧化、传输与排放研究
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摘要
运用原状土柱与泥浆两种培养方式对闽江河口短叶茳芏沼泽湿地土壤甲烷产生速率的季节变化及其受硫酸盐还原作用影响的程度进行研究,两种培养方式下甲烷产生速率、硫酸盐还原抑制甲烷产生速率均有明显的垂直变化与季节变化特征。原状土柱培养甲烷产生速率、硫酸盐还原抑制作用都大于泥浆培养方式。
100m2与1m2尺度下,土壤甲烷产生速率变异系数都大于200%,具有很强的变异性。100m2尺度下春、秋两季土壤甲烷产生速率空间相关性都较弱,秋季1m2尺度下甲烷产生速率具有较强空间相关性。
短叶茳芏湿地甲烷氧化能力在不同月份明显不同,其中以6月最大,6月份以后甲烷氧化能力逐渐降低。甲烷氧化能力与植物净生长速率相关,二者符合指数相关关系。甲烷氧化能力也与湿地甲烷产生显著相关。
潮水水位高度对甲烷排放及其传输方式有明显影响,随着水位升高,甲烷传输效率下降,甲烷排放通量逐渐降低。当水位高于30cm时,短叶茳芏植物体几乎不传输排放甲烷。
涨落潮过程中短叶茳芏湿地甲烷通量显著低于非涨潮阶段。涨潮前与落潮后甲烷通量之间差异不显著。潮水淹没样地短暂的几个小时内降低了湿地甲烷排放通量,但随着实验样地处于无淹水状态日数不断增长,湿地甲烷通量有不断下降的趋势。大潮月中一次涨潮过程能使落潮后表层土壤孔隙水中溶解性甲烷浓度高于涨潮前,但差异不显著。大潮月潮汐为湿地带来丰富的S042-和N03",但小潮月的小潮日中,潮水中5042-含量却比湿地表层土壤孔隙水低。
Soil methane production potentials of Cyperus malaccensis Lam. var. brevifolius Bocklr wetland demonstrated a distinct vertical and seasonal variaitons using two incubation methods of undisturbed soil core and soil slurry. Suppression on methane production by sulphate reduction were also showed a vertical and seasonal variations in two incubation methods. However, methane production potential and suppression of sulphate reduction measured by undisturbed soil core incubation method were higher significantly than that using slurry incubation method.
The coefficient of variation of methane production potential were larger than200%both on scales of100m2and1m2, which indicating that methane production have distinct spatial variability. On the scale of100m2, spatial correlation of methane production potential were weak in spring and fall, but it was strong on the scale of1m2.
Methane oxidation in the C.malaccensis wetland demonstrated a significantly monthly variation. Methane oxidation was strongest in June, and gradually declined from June to November. Methane oxidation in the C. malaccensis wetland showed a positive exponential correlation with plant net growth. Methane oxidation aiso showed a positive correlation with methane production.
Methane transport and emission mediated by plant gradually declined with the flood water level increase. The plant can not transport methane when the flood water level were higher than30cm.
Methane flux in the C. malaccensis wetland during flooding and ebbing stages were significantly lower than that before flood or after ebb. The differences of methane emission between before flood and after ebb were not significant. When the time the wetland soil was exposed completely increased, methane emission decreased. Methane concentration in porewater after ebb were higher than that before flood, but the differences were not significant.Tidal water brought rich SO42-and NO3-in september during tide days in spring, but SO42-concentrations in tidal water were lower than that in porewater during neap tide days in March.
100m2与1m2尺度下,土壤甲烷产生速率变异系数都大于200%,具有很强的变异性。100m2尺度下春、秋两季土壤甲烷产生速率空间相关性都较弱,秋季1m2尺度下甲烷产生速率具有较强空间相关性。
短叶茳芏湿地甲烷氧化能力在不同月份明显不同,其中以6月最大,6月份以后甲烷氧化能力逐渐降低。甲烷氧化能力与植物净生长速率相关,二者符合指数相关关系。甲烷氧化能力也与湿地甲烷产生显著相关。
潮水水位高度对甲烷排放及其传输方式有明显影响,随着水位升高,甲烷传输效率下降,甲烷排放通量逐渐降低。当水位高于30cm时,短叶茳芏植物体几乎不传输排放甲烷。
涨落潮过程中短叶茳芏湿地甲烷通量显著低于非涨潮阶段。涨潮前与落潮后甲烷通量之间差异不显著。潮水淹没样地短暂的几个小时内降低了湿地甲烷排放通量,但随着实验样地处于无淹水状态日数不断增长,湿地甲烷通量有不断下降的趋势。大潮月中一次涨潮过程能使落潮后表层土壤孔隙水中溶解性甲烷浓度高于涨潮前,但差异不显著。大潮月潮汐为湿地带来丰富的S042-和N03",但小潮月的小潮日中,潮水中5042-含量却比湿地表层土壤孔隙水低。
Soil methane production potentials of Cyperus malaccensis Lam. var. brevifolius Bocklr wetland demonstrated a distinct vertical and seasonal variaitons using two incubation methods of undisturbed soil core and soil slurry. Suppression on methane production by sulphate reduction were also showed a vertical and seasonal variations in two incubation methods. However, methane production potential and suppression of sulphate reduction measured by undisturbed soil core incubation method were higher significantly than that using slurry incubation method.
The coefficient of variation of methane production potential were larger than200%both on scales of100m2and1m2, which indicating that methane production have distinct spatial variability. On the scale of100m2, spatial correlation of methane production potential were weak in spring and fall, but it was strong on the scale of1m2.
Methane oxidation in the C.malaccensis wetland demonstrated a significantly monthly variation. Methane oxidation was strongest in June, and gradually declined from June to November. Methane oxidation in the C. malaccensis wetland showed a positive exponential correlation with plant net growth. Methane oxidation aiso showed a positive correlation with methane production.
Methane transport and emission mediated by plant gradually declined with the flood water level increase. The plant can not transport methane when the flood water level were higher than30cm.
Methane flux in the C. malaccensis wetland during flooding and ebbing stages were significantly lower than that before flood or after ebb. The differences of methane emission between before flood and after ebb were not significant. When the time the wetland soil was exposed completely increased, methane emission decreased. Methane concentration in porewater after ebb were higher than that before flood, but the differences were not significant.Tidal water brought rich SO42-and NO3-in september during tide days in spring, but SO42-concentrations in tidal water were lower than that in porewater during neap tide days in March.
引文
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