摘要
近年来我国散热器行业发展迅猛,各种新型的散热器不断涌现,铜管铝翅片散热器就是在近年来出现的一种新型的铜铝对流式散热器。在北美,铜管铝片对流型散热器已经成为市场的主流,市场占有量已达80%,是美﹑加两国最主流的采暖散热器形式。该类散热器进入我国市场后,发展非常迅速,目前国内对各种对流式散热器的研究很多,但是针对铜管铝翅片对流散热器的换热过程的理论研究还不多,尤其是对该类散热器结构型式优化的研究几乎没有涉及。
本论文通过对铜管铝翅片对流散热器的换热机理分析,首先分析影响对流换热过程的各种因素,建立了该型式散热器在自然对流条件下其对流换热的物理模型和计算模型。然后应用MATLAB语言编制散热量计算程序,计算了5种常见型式的铜管铝翅片对流器在不同工况下的散热量,并通过与散热量测试实验得到的数据进行对比,验证了计算模型和散热量计算程序的正确性和可靠性。
利用该计算模型和散热量计算程序进行铜管铝翅片对流器结构型式的优化计算,计算了铜管铝翅片对流器在常见的不同的铜管数目、铜管排列型式、外罩高度、外罩宽度、翅片高度、翅片宽度、翅片厚度、翅片间距条件下的散热量,从中找出几种型式组合,其散热性能是较好的,并考虑实际使用条件,给出了铜管铝翅片对流器散热量与外罩高度、外罩宽度的关系,给出了一定条件下散热器的铜管最佳排列形式、最优翅片高度、翅片宽度、翅片厚度和翅片间距。
用MATLAB编制的散热量计算程序,使用方便,计算速度快,只要给定铜管铝翅片对流散热器的型式参数,能很快算出某型式散热器在给定工况下的散热量,为铜管铝翅片对流散热器结构型式优化计算提供了有效手段。
In recent years Chinese radiator industry has gained rapid development, a wide range of innovative radiator will continue to emerge,the radiator with copper-tube and aluminum-fin is just one of the new-style radiators.In North America,this style of radiator has become the mainstream,the market share of 80 per cent of the total.the radiator with copper-tube and aluminum-fin is developing very rapidly after introduced into China’s market.However, domestic production of such products is basically copying the model in North America,can not be a good combination of China's national conditions to produce.At present there is a lot of research of the various domestic convection-style of radiators, but there is still lack of the theoretical study for the heat transfer process of radiator with copper-tube and aluminum-fin.expecially the optimization for structure of that style of radiator is almost not involved.
In this paper,the heat transfer mechanism of the radiator with copper-tube and aluminum-fin is analyzed.Firstly,by analyize the factors which influencing heat transfer process,established the physical model and calculation model of this style of radiator under natural convection.Secondly, programming to calculate the heat dissipating capacity for this style of radiator by use MATLAB language,and then the heat dissipating capacities of five common styles of radiator with copper-tube and aluminum-fin under different conditions were calculated.Finally,by campare the calculation data with experimental data of heat dissipating capacity,the acurracy and reliability of the calculation model and the heat dissipation calculating program were verified.
Based upon above theoretical basis,the optimization for the structure of the convector with copper-tube and aluminum-fin is proceeded.The heat dissipating capacity of radiator under various common numbers of tubes,patterns of tube arrangement,dustcoat heights,dustcoat widths,fin heights,fin widths,fin thicknesses, fin spacings is simulated.And then to find several combinations of these parameters under whom the heat perfomance of radiators are better.And it also takes into account the actual conditions of use,gets the relationship between heat dissipation and dustcoat height,dustcoat width,gets optimum patterns of tube arrangement,fin heights,fin widths,fin thicknesses,fin spacings under certain conditions.
The heat dissipating capacity calculating program which programmed by using MATLAB,is easy to use and can computes fast,as long as the parameters of convector with copper-tube and aluminum-fin are given,the program can calculates the heat dissipating capacity of the radiator under certain working condition quickly, provided an effective method to optimize the structure of the convector with copper-tube and aluminum-fin.
引文
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