天然气脱CO_2的经济可行性研究
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摘要
目前,我国国家标准规定商品天然气的CO_2含量不大于3%,由于能量计量更科学更先进,更能反映天然气的内在价值,现在世界上许多国家都已采用能量计量天然气的计量方式。考虑到未来我国天然气计量将逐步转为能量计量,管输气的CO_2含量还可能进一步降低。因此,所有酸性气田的天然气不仅需要脱除硫化氢,还要脱除二氧化碳。二氧化碳可应用于食品、焊接、消防、农业、油气开采、清洗、化工等许多行业,二氧化碳市场潜力很大。我国高酸性气田净化过程中脱除的CO_2主要是排放,如果能将巨量的CO_2资源妥善利用,不仅减少环境污染,而且可以利用碳资源为企业增加经济效益。
本文介绍了经济可行性研究相关经济理论,同时总结出CO_2的主要分离方法:化学溶剂法、物理溶剂法、吸附法、低温分离法和膜分离法,通过对几种方法进行对比研究,选择MEA法脱CO_2作为论文经济分析的方法。
从MEA法脱CO_2工艺的基本原理和工艺流程出发,给出可以用于流程中主要设备工艺计算的方法,提出适用于MEA法分离二氧化碳经济可行性研究的具体步骤,可以为建设具体脱CO_2厂的可行性研究提供技术经济理论体系。通过对不同处理量,不同二氧化碳含量原料气进行经济分析,得出建设脱CO_2厂项目可行与否以及评价指标随基本参数变化的规律。
论文给出的经济评价方法以及建设具体脱二氧化碳站场的经济分析结果,不仅可以为气田用MEA法脱CO_2的可行性研究作为参考,而且可以为气田建设类似天然脱CO_2厂的可行性研究提供思路。
At present, it's stipulated in national standard that the content of carbon dioxide in commodity natural gas shouldn't be greater than 3% and most countries use energy measure because energy measure is more advanced and can reflect inherent gas value more. Considering that gas measures mode in our country will turn into energy measure in the future and the content of carbon dioxide in gas in pipelines will possibly reduce further, therefore, gas in acidity gas field needs not only to eliminate hydrogen sulfide, but also to eliminate carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can be applied to many industries such as food, welding, fire control, agriculture, oil and gas exploit, wash, chemical industry and so on and market potential of carbon dioxide in our country is very big. However, carbon dioxide is always discharged in high acidity gas field in purifying process, and if it can be made good use of, it can cut down environmental pollution and increases economic effect of enterprise.
Theory about economy feasibility was introduced and at the same time the main separation methods were summed up: chemistry menstruum, physics menstruum, adsorption, low temperature separation and film separation. And through comparison of these methods MEA method was chose as the method of economy analysis in this paper.
Based on fundamental principle and technological process of eliminating CO_2 with MEA, methods of technological calculation of capital equipments in a process are provided, and specific procedures of economic feasibility study suitable for eliminating CO_2 with MEA are suggested, which provide technological and economic theories to support feasibility study of constructing a real CO_2 eliminating station. According to economic analysis of different CO_2 treatment capacity and different feed gas, the conclusion of whether or not constructing a CO_2 eliminating station is reached. Meanwhile, the law of evaluation indication according to basic parameter changes is given.
Economic evaluation method and results of economic law in constructing a real CO_2 eliminating station are provided in this article, which give a clue to economic feasibility study of CO_2 eliminating with MEA, and refer to feasibility study of gas field construction such as natural gas purification plant as well.
本文介绍了经济可行性研究相关经济理论,同时总结出CO_2的主要分离方法:化学溶剂法、物理溶剂法、吸附法、低温分离法和膜分离法,通过对几种方法进行对比研究,选择MEA法脱CO_2作为论文经济分析的方法。
从MEA法脱CO_2工艺的基本原理和工艺流程出发,给出可以用于流程中主要设备工艺计算的方法,提出适用于MEA法分离二氧化碳经济可行性研究的具体步骤,可以为建设具体脱CO_2厂的可行性研究提供技术经济理论体系。通过对不同处理量,不同二氧化碳含量原料气进行经济分析,得出建设脱CO_2厂项目可行与否以及评价指标随基本参数变化的规律。
论文给出的经济评价方法以及建设具体脱二氧化碳站场的经济分析结果,不仅可以为气田用MEA法脱CO_2的可行性研究作为参考,而且可以为气田建设类似天然脱CO_2厂的可行性研究提供思路。
At present, it's stipulated in national standard that the content of carbon dioxide in commodity natural gas shouldn't be greater than 3% and most countries use energy measure because energy measure is more advanced and can reflect inherent gas value more. Considering that gas measures mode in our country will turn into energy measure in the future and the content of carbon dioxide in gas in pipelines will possibly reduce further, therefore, gas in acidity gas field needs not only to eliminate hydrogen sulfide, but also to eliminate carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can be applied to many industries such as food, welding, fire control, agriculture, oil and gas exploit, wash, chemical industry and so on and market potential of carbon dioxide in our country is very big. However, carbon dioxide is always discharged in high acidity gas field in purifying process, and if it can be made good use of, it can cut down environmental pollution and increases economic effect of enterprise.
Theory about economy feasibility was introduced and at the same time the main separation methods were summed up: chemistry menstruum, physics menstruum, adsorption, low temperature separation and film separation. And through comparison of these methods MEA method was chose as the method of economy analysis in this paper.
Based on fundamental principle and technological process of eliminating CO_2 with MEA, methods of technological calculation of capital equipments in a process are provided, and specific procedures of economic feasibility study suitable for eliminating CO_2 with MEA are suggested, which provide technological and economic theories to support feasibility study of constructing a real CO_2 eliminating station. According to economic analysis of different CO_2 treatment capacity and different feed gas, the conclusion of whether or not constructing a CO_2 eliminating station is reached. Meanwhile, the law of evaluation indication according to basic parameter changes is given.
Economic evaluation method and results of economic law in constructing a real CO_2 eliminating station are provided in this article, which give a clue to economic feasibility study of CO_2 eliminating with MEA, and refer to feasibility study of gas field construction such as natural gas purification plant as well.
引文
[1]缪明富,彭子成等.利用二氧化碳资源提高气田开发效益[J].石油与天然气化,2005,34(6):470-480
[2]韩美二氧化碳的生产、应用及市场分析[J].低温与特气,2004,22(3):4-5
[3]梁国仑.国外二氧化碳的应用及市场概括[J].低温与特气,1997,1:1-5
[4]赵鹏翔,周广文等.从催化裂化再生烟道气回收二氧化碳[J].炼油技术与工程,2003,33(9):26-28
[5]李兰廷,解强.温室气体CO_2的分离技术[J].低温与特气,2005,23(4):2-4
[6]葛军德.浅议天然气计量技术应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2006,3:15
[7]钱成文,王惠智.国外天然气的计量与检定技术[J].油气储运,2005,24(6):38-42
[8]钟水清,马发明,熊继有等.天然气计量有关公式剖析[J].钻采工艺,2004,27(6):55-56
[9]周惠珍.可行性研究与项目评价[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992,193-208
[10]余健明等.项目决策分析与评价[M].北京:国家计划出版社,2003,28
[12]傅家骥,全允恒.32业技术经济[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996,39-45
[13]林文俏编著.项目投资经济评价与风险分析[M].广州:中山大学社,1999,72-85
[14]罗志辉.工程经济分析与决策评价[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1998,28-36
[15]和宏明,薄立馨.投资项目可行性研究工作手册[M].中国物价出版社,2002,26-31
[16]于守法等.投资项目可行性研究报告编写范例[M].中国电力出版社,2003,29-46
[17]王立国等.可行性研究与项目评估[M].沈阳:东北财经大学出版社,2001,12-19
[18]王立国等.工程项目可行性研究[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002,24-49
[19]刘国恒.工业可行性研究编制指南[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1999,2-15
[20]汤炎非,杨青.可行性研究与投资决策[M].武汉:武汉人学出版社,1998,2-8
[21]王维才,戴淑芬.投资项目可行性分析与项目管理[M].冶金工业出版社,2000,12-20
[22]唐莉,王宝林、陈健.应用变压吸附法分离回收CO_2[J].低温与特气,1998,2:47-51
[23]毛玉如,张永刚,张国胜等.火电厂CO_2的排放控制和分离回收技术研究[J].锅炉制造,2003,186(1):20-22
[24]王伟林,吸附法在含烃CO_2废气回收中的应用[J].甘肃环境研究与监测,1997,10(3):54-56
[25]秦向东,温铁军,金美芳.脱除与浓缩二氧化碳的膜分离技术[J].膜科学与技术,1998,18(6):7-13
[26]KIMJ H,HA S Y,NAM S Y,et al.Selective permeation of CO_2,through pore2filled polyacrylonitrile membrane with poly(ethylene glycol).Journal of Membrane Science,2001,186(l):97-100
[27]ISHIKAWA Motoo,UMOTO Juro.Proposal for a high efficiencypower generation system with CO_2 recovery by oxygen2coal2firedMHD-steam combined cycle.Energy Convers Mgmt,1995,36(6-9):809-812.
[28]周泽兴.火电厂排放CO_2的分离回收和固定技术的研究开发现状[J].环境科学进展,1993,1(1):56-72
[29]吴政,崔成民,田树盛等.强碱性离子交换纤维对H_2S-CO_2混合气体吸附及分离的研究[J].石油化工,1999,28(12):810-812
[30]MOLLER B F,ASSADI M,LINDER U.CO_2 -free power generation-A studyofthree onceptually different plant layouts.American Society of Mechanical ngineers,International Gas Turbine Institute,Turbo Expo(Publication)IGTI,2003,(3):255-262
[31]ISLAM M R,CHAKMAA.Storage and utilization of CO_2 in petroleum reservoirs.A simulation study[J].Energy Conversion and Management,1993,34(9-11):1205-1210
[32]Burchell T.D,Judkins R.R,Rogers M.R,et al.A Novel Process and Material forthe Separation of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Mixtures.Carbon,1997,35(9):1279-1294
[33]夏明珠,严莲荷,雷武等.二氧化碳的分离回收技术与综合利用[J].现代化工,1999,19(5):46-48
[34]Zou Yong..Alirio E.Rodrigues.Hydrotalcite-like compounds as adsorbents for carbondioxide.Energy Comversion and Management,2002,43:1865-1867
[35]Aroonwilas A,Tontiwachwuthikul P.High-efliciency Structuredacking CO_2 forabsorption using2-amine-2-methyl-l-propanol.M.A.Sc.Thesis,Universityof Regina,Regina,Saskate-hewan,Canada,1996.
[36]Adisom Arronwilas,Amomvadee Weawab,and Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul,Behavior of the Mass-transfer Coefficient of Structured Packings in CO_2 Absorbers with Chemical Reactions,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.1999,38,2044-2050
[37]James T.Y.,and Henry W.P.Study of CO_2 absorption and desorption in a packed column,Energy&Fuels,2001,15,274-278
[38]李允,诸林,王治红等.天然气地面工程[M].北京:石油工业出版,2001,121-132
[39]余汉成.重力分离器的沉降理论与实用公式[J].天然气工业,1994,6:86
[40]《化学工程手册》编辑委员会.化学工程手册(3).北京:化学工业出版社,1998,123-145
[41]王开岳.天然气净化工艺[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005,112-122
[42]贾绍义等.化工原理课程设计[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2002,104-134
[43]王遇冬.天然气处理与加工工艺[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999,78-84
[44]《化学工程手册》编辑委员会.化学工程手册(2).北京:化学工业出版社,1998,324-341
[45]蒋长安等.天然气利用手册[M].中国石化出版社,2001,139-142
[46]朱利凯.天然气处理与加工[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,34-46
[47]诸林.天然气加工工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,96-113
[48]化学工程手册编辑委员会.气液传质设备[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1979,
[49]H.M.Chan et al.Equilibrium of MEA and DEA with bicarbonate and Darbamate.Chem.Eng.Sci.,36(l)1981:229-230.
[50]谭天恩,麦本熙,丁惠华.化工原理(第二版)上册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1990
[51]谭天恩,麦本熙,丁惠华.化工原理(第二版)下册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1990
[52]刘巍等著.冷换设备工艺计算手册[M]北京:中国石油出版社,2003,24-116
[53]杨祖英主编.化工原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004,133-158
[54]王静康编.化工设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1995,35-65
[55]郭天民编.多元汽－液相平衡和精馏[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1983,36-48
[2]韩美二氧化碳的生产、应用及市场分析[J].低温与特气,2004,22(3):4-5
[3]梁国仑.国外二氧化碳的应用及市场概括[J].低温与特气,1997,1:1-5
[4]赵鹏翔,周广文等.从催化裂化再生烟道气回收二氧化碳[J].炼油技术与工程,2003,33(9):26-28
[5]李兰廷,解强.温室气体CO_2的分离技术[J].低温与特气,2005,23(4):2-4
[6]葛军德.浅议天然气计量技术应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2006,3:15
[7]钱成文,王惠智.国外天然气的计量与检定技术[J].油气储运,2005,24(6):38-42
[8]钟水清,马发明,熊继有等.天然气计量有关公式剖析[J].钻采工艺,2004,27(6):55-56
[9]周惠珍.可行性研究与项目评价[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992,193-208
[10]余健明等.项目决策分析与评价[M].北京:国家计划出版社,2003,28
[12]傅家骥,全允恒.32业技术经济[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996,39-45
[13]林文俏编著.项目投资经济评价与风险分析[M].广州:中山大学社,1999,72-85
[14]罗志辉.工程经济分析与决策评价[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1998,28-36
[15]和宏明,薄立馨.投资项目可行性研究工作手册[M].中国物价出版社,2002,26-31
[16]于守法等.投资项目可行性研究报告编写范例[M].中国电力出版社,2003,29-46
[17]王立国等.可行性研究与项目评估[M].沈阳:东北财经大学出版社,2001,12-19
[18]王立国等.工程项目可行性研究[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002,24-49
[19]刘国恒.工业可行性研究编制指南[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1999,2-15
[20]汤炎非,杨青.可行性研究与投资决策[M].武汉:武汉人学出版社,1998,2-8
[21]王维才,戴淑芬.投资项目可行性分析与项目管理[M].冶金工业出版社,2000,12-20
[22]唐莉,王宝林、陈健.应用变压吸附法分离回收CO_2[J].低温与特气,1998,2:47-51
[23]毛玉如,张永刚,张国胜等.火电厂CO_2的排放控制和分离回收技术研究[J].锅炉制造,2003,186(1):20-22
[24]王伟林,吸附法在含烃CO_2废气回收中的应用[J].甘肃环境研究与监测,1997,10(3):54-56
[25]秦向东,温铁军,金美芳.脱除与浓缩二氧化碳的膜分离技术[J].膜科学与技术,1998,18(6):7-13
[26]KIMJ H,HA S Y,NAM S Y,et al.Selective permeation of CO_2,through pore2filled polyacrylonitrile membrane with poly(ethylene glycol).Journal of Membrane Science,2001,186(l):97-100
[27]ISHIKAWA Motoo,UMOTO Juro.Proposal for a high efficiencypower generation system with CO_2 recovery by oxygen2coal2firedMHD-steam combined cycle.Energy Convers Mgmt,1995,36(6-9):809-812.
[28]周泽兴.火电厂排放CO_2的分离回收和固定技术的研究开发现状[J].环境科学进展,1993,1(1):56-72
[29]吴政,崔成民,田树盛等.强碱性离子交换纤维对H_2S-CO_2混合气体吸附及分离的研究[J].石油化工,1999,28(12):810-812
[30]MOLLER B F,ASSADI M,LINDER U.CO_2 -free power generation-A studyofthree onceptually different plant layouts.American Society of Mechanical ngineers,International Gas Turbine Institute,Turbo Expo(Publication)IGTI,2003,(3):255-262
[31]ISLAM M R,CHAKMAA.Storage and utilization of CO_2 in petroleum reservoirs.A simulation study[J].Energy Conversion and Management,1993,34(9-11):1205-1210
[32]Burchell T.D,Judkins R.R,Rogers M.R,et al.A Novel Process and Material forthe Separation of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Mixtures.Carbon,1997,35(9):1279-1294
[33]夏明珠,严莲荷,雷武等.二氧化碳的分离回收技术与综合利用[J].现代化工,1999,19(5):46-48
[34]Zou Yong..Alirio E.Rodrigues.Hydrotalcite-like compounds as adsorbents for carbondioxide.Energy Comversion and Management,2002,43:1865-1867
[35]Aroonwilas A,Tontiwachwuthikul P.High-efliciency Structuredacking CO_2 forabsorption using2-amine-2-methyl-l-propanol.M.A.Sc.Thesis,Universityof Regina,Regina,Saskate-hewan,Canada,1996.
[36]Adisom Arronwilas,Amomvadee Weawab,and Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul,Behavior of the Mass-transfer Coefficient of Structured Packings in CO_2 Absorbers with Chemical Reactions,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.1999,38,2044-2050
[37]James T.Y.,and Henry W.P.Study of CO_2 absorption and desorption in a packed column,Energy&Fuels,2001,15,274-278
[38]李允,诸林,王治红等.天然气地面工程[M].北京:石油工业出版,2001,121-132
[39]余汉成.重力分离器的沉降理论与实用公式[J].天然气工业,1994,6:86
[40]《化学工程手册》编辑委员会.化学工程手册(3).北京:化学工业出版社,1998,123-145
[41]王开岳.天然气净化工艺[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005,112-122
[42]贾绍义等.化工原理课程设计[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2002,104-134
[43]王遇冬.天然气处理与加工工艺[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999,78-84
[44]《化学工程手册》编辑委员会.化学工程手册(2).北京:化学工业出版社,1998,324-341
[45]蒋长安等.天然气利用手册[M].中国石化出版社,2001,139-142
[46]朱利凯.天然气处理与加工[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,34-46
[47]诸林.天然气加工工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,96-113
[48]化学工程手册编辑委员会.气液传质设备[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1979,
[49]H.M.Chan et al.Equilibrium of MEA and DEA with bicarbonate and Darbamate.Chem.Eng.Sci.,36(l)1981:229-230.
[50]谭天恩,麦本熙,丁惠华.化工原理(第二版)上册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1990
[51]谭天恩,麦本熙,丁惠华.化工原理(第二版)下册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1990
[52]刘巍等著.冷换设备工艺计算手册[M]北京:中国石油出版社,2003,24-116
[53]杨祖英主编.化工原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004,133-158
[54]王静康编.化工设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1995,35-65
[55]郭天民编.多元汽－液相平衡和精馏[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1983,36-48