汽车外观色彩的发展演变研究
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摘要
汽车作为产品设计中的一朵奇葩,是技术与艺术的完美结合,是流动着的艺术品。随着时代的发展,色彩设计在汽车造型中起着至关重要的作用,已经成为影响汽车销售和汽车改型工作的一个重要因素。
汽车作为高科技产品自上个世纪进入中国以来,直到今天,它已经成为与人们生活息息相关的事物。在经历了技术的改进与造型的发展之后,汽车色彩设计已经成为打造新车型和争夺市场的重要手段。而目前国内市场上的汽车车型多为引进车型,虽然在技术上、功能使用上能够较好的满足用户的需求,但是汽车外观和内饰色彩的设计却差强人意。随着人们审美观念的提高,对汽车这种高档消费品的需求也日益增加,对色彩的要求也逐渐提高,因此汽车色彩设计成为现代设计师进一步研究的课题。
在国外,如欧美和日本等汽车工业非常发达的国家和地区,具有很成熟的消费市场,而它们对汽车色彩的研究也相对的较早、较成熟。因此,通过对汽车色彩的发展演变研究,总结汽车色彩演变的一般特点,分析影响汽车色彩演变的因素,对设计符合中国人的色彩审美习惯与色彩意识的汽车有很好的借鉴意义。
本文通过对色彩基本原理的概述以及对色彩设计的分析、阐述,整理出汽车色彩设计与相关领域的关系。通过汽车色彩设计发展演变的研究分析,尝试着概括了汽车色彩设计的一般特点,分析了影响汽车色彩变化的一些相关因素,探讨了进行汽车流行色预测的方法,并且预测了未来几年里汽车色彩设计的发展趋势。希望通过本文的阐述可以对未来汽车的色彩设计提供一些有益的参考。
As wonderful work of the product design, car is the perfect combination of technology and art, is the fluxional works of art. With the development of the times, the color design in the shape of the car plays a vital role, has become an important factor to impact car sales and car modification work.
As a high-tech products,to China last century until today, car has become closely related things to people's lives. After the improvements in technology and the development of modeling, automotive color design has become a new model and create an important means for the market. Most of current domestic car models on the market are introduced from developed country. Although the technical, functional use to better meet the needs of users, the car's exterior and interior color design is far from satisfactory. With the improvement of people's aesthetic concepts,the demand for the car, high-grade consumer goods, also is increased, the requirements to car color have gradually increased, so automotive color design is a subject which modern designers need further study.
In foreign countries, such as Europe and the United States and Japan, the developed auto industry has a very mature consumer market, and there is relatively earlier and more mature study on car color in those countries. Therefore, it's the good reference to design the car accord with the Chinese people's habit of color and color aesthetic awareness by studying the development and evolution of the car, summeing up the general evolution of the automotive color characteristics, analysising the factor to impact f the evolution of the automotive color.
According to analysis and explanation of basic principles outlined in color on color and design, author take the relations between car color design and related fields.Through the research and analysis on the development and evolution of automotive color design, author try to summarize the general characteristics in car color design ,analysis number of car-related factors which impact changes of car color, treat how to forecast the change in color of the car, and forecasts trend of car color design for the next few years. Hope that there could be some valuable reference through this paper can be elaborated on the future of automotive color design provide some useful information.
汽车作为高科技产品自上个世纪进入中国以来,直到今天,它已经成为与人们生活息息相关的事物。在经历了技术的改进与造型的发展之后,汽车色彩设计已经成为打造新车型和争夺市场的重要手段。而目前国内市场上的汽车车型多为引进车型,虽然在技术上、功能使用上能够较好的满足用户的需求,但是汽车外观和内饰色彩的设计却差强人意。随着人们审美观念的提高,对汽车这种高档消费品的需求也日益增加,对色彩的要求也逐渐提高,因此汽车色彩设计成为现代设计师进一步研究的课题。
在国外,如欧美和日本等汽车工业非常发达的国家和地区,具有很成熟的消费市场,而它们对汽车色彩的研究也相对的较早、较成熟。因此,通过对汽车色彩的发展演变研究,总结汽车色彩演变的一般特点,分析影响汽车色彩演变的因素,对设计符合中国人的色彩审美习惯与色彩意识的汽车有很好的借鉴意义。
本文通过对色彩基本原理的概述以及对色彩设计的分析、阐述,整理出汽车色彩设计与相关领域的关系。通过汽车色彩设计发展演变的研究分析,尝试着概括了汽车色彩设计的一般特点,分析了影响汽车色彩变化的一些相关因素,探讨了进行汽车流行色预测的方法,并且预测了未来几年里汽车色彩设计的发展趋势。希望通过本文的阐述可以对未来汽车的色彩设计提供一些有益的参考。
As wonderful work of the product design, car is the perfect combination of technology and art, is the fluxional works of art. With the development of the times, the color design in the shape of the car plays a vital role, has become an important factor to impact car sales and car modification work.
As a high-tech products,to China last century until today, car has become closely related things to people's lives. After the improvements in technology and the development of modeling, automotive color design has become a new model and create an important means for the market. Most of current domestic car models on the market are introduced from developed country. Although the technical, functional use to better meet the needs of users, the car's exterior and interior color design is far from satisfactory. With the improvement of people's aesthetic concepts,the demand for the car, high-grade consumer goods, also is increased, the requirements to car color have gradually increased, so automotive color design is a subject which modern designers need further study.
In foreign countries, such as Europe and the United States and Japan, the developed auto industry has a very mature consumer market, and there is relatively earlier and more mature study on car color in those countries. Therefore, it's the good reference to design the car accord with the Chinese people's habit of color and color aesthetic awareness by studying the development and evolution of the car, summeing up the general evolution of the automotive color characteristics, analysising the factor to impact f the evolution of the automotive color.
According to analysis and explanation of basic principles outlined in color on color and design, author take the relations between car color design and related fields.Through the research and analysis on the development and evolution of automotive color design, author try to summarize the general characteristics in car color design ,analysis number of car-related factors which impact changes of car color, treat how to forecast the change in color of the car, and forecasts trend of car color design for the next few years. Hope that there could be some valuable reference through this paper can be elaborated on the future of automotive color design provide some useful information.
引文
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2.龚箭,陈恒华.汽车文化[M],上海：复旦大学出版社,2007,53-54.
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8.段殳.色彩应用[M],青岛：山东美术出版社,2000.05,第一版,7.
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10.邢庆华.色彩[M],南京：东南大学出版社,2005.7,30-33.
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12.邢庆华.色彩[M],南京：东南大学出版社,2005.7,33-34.
13.邢庆华.色彩[M],南京：东南大学出版社,2005.7,37.
14.刘彦.材料制品造型基础[M],武汉：武汉理工大学出版社,2003,第一版,82.
15.张乃仁.设计词典[M],北京：北京理工大学出版社,2002.1,第一版,636.
16.郭慧玲.浅谈汽车的艺术造型[J],宁波：宁波高等专科学校学报,2002.12,第4期,17.
17.崔永春.汽车色彩设计[J].世界汽车.1998年11期,15-18.
18.程正,马芳武.汽车造型[M],吉林：吉林科学技术出版社,1992.5,第一版,94-100.
19.蔡军,梁梅.工业设计史[M],哈尔滨：黑龙江科学技术出版社,1996.10,第一版,16-20.
20.柳冠中.设计文化论[M],哈尔滨：黑龙江科学技术出版社,1995,第一版,69.
21.马林兰.视觉与色彩[J],长春：长春大学学报,2004.02,第14卷,33.
22.段殳.色彩应用[M],青岛：山东美术出版社,2000.05,第一版,7.
23.赖琼琦(台湾),色彩的意象与色彩文化,视传文化事业有限公司,1999.3,第二版,228-245.
24.晓青.汽车涂装涂料发展简史[J],上海汽车,2002.10,38-39.
25.高等院校安全工程专业教学指导委员会.安全人机工程学.北京：煤炭工业出版 社,2002
26.公安部交管局.道路交通心理学.北京：群众出版社,2001
27.China Cars Resource Net中国汽车资源网.Accident ratio of black cars is three times of white cars N/OL.2005.08.04. http://www.fedcars.com/files/200508/040211,html.
28.ZHOU Daoqi(周道其).Traffic accident frequency has relation wit colors of cars[J].Modern Science and Technology Translatio Books (Harbin)(现代科技译丛(哈尔滨)),2004(2),43.
29. ZHANG Qiang张强,CHEN Yuren陈雨人,PAN Xiaodong潘晓东.Color psychology application on road traffic safety[J].East China Highway华东公路,2005(6),65-67.
30.OUYANG Wenzhao欧阳文昭,LIAO Kebing寥可兵.Safety man-machine engineering(安全人机工程学)[M]. Beij ing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2002.
31.HEJing何京.Science in the car colors J. World Car世界汽车,2003(4),50.
32.王光新.色彩的魅力—试论流行色[J],新疆艺术,1996,第4期,7.
33.李桂兰.论毛纺织物的色彩艺术[J],设计师论坛,2000,第3期,46.
34.张乃仁.设计词典[M],北京：北京理工大学出版社,2002.1,第一版,636.
35.Oya Demirbilek, Bahar Sener. Product design, semantics and emotional response.
36.Nathan Shedroff. WEB GRAPHIC DESIGN. Amsterdam:BIS Publishers.2000.
37.George E. Belch, Michael A. Belch:ADVER TISING & PROMOTION. IRWIN.1995.
2.龚箭,陈恒华.汽车文化[M],上海：复旦大学出版社,2007,53-54.
3.程能林,刘长英.产品造型材料与工艺[M],北京：北京理工大学出版社,2002.1,第五次印刷,1991.6第一版,132.
4.谷正气.轿车车身[M],人民交通出版社,2002.10,第一版,23.
5.王少君.产品设计的色彩计划初探[J],山东艺术学院学报,2002年,第一期,30-32.
6.邢庆华.色彩[M],南京：东南大学出版社,2005.7,47-48.
7.崔唯.色彩构成[M],中国纺织出版社,1996.6,第一版,5.
8.段殳.色彩应用[M],青岛：山东美术出版社,2000.05,第一版,7.
9.宋建明.设计造型基础[M],上海：上海书画出版社,2000.7,第一版,11.
10.邢庆华.色彩[M],南京：东南大学出版社,2005.7,30-33.
11.张宪荣,张萱.设计色彩学[M],北京：化学工业出版社,2003,88-111.
12.邢庆华.色彩[M],南京：东南大学出版社,2005.7,33-34.
13.邢庆华.色彩[M],南京：东南大学出版社,2005.7,37.
14.刘彦.材料制品造型基础[M],武汉：武汉理工大学出版社,2003,第一版,82.
15.张乃仁.设计词典[M],北京：北京理工大学出版社,2002.1,第一版,636.
16.郭慧玲.浅谈汽车的艺术造型[J],宁波：宁波高等专科学校学报,2002.12,第4期,17.
17.崔永春.汽车色彩设计[J].世界汽车.1998年11期,15-18.
18.程正,马芳武.汽车造型[M],吉林：吉林科学技术出版社,1992.5,第一版,94-100.
19.蔡军,梁梅.工业设计史[M],哈尔滨：黑龙江科学技术出版社,1996.10,第一版,16-20.
20.柳冠中.设计文化论[M],哈尔滨：黑龙江科学技术出版社,1995,第一版,69.
21.马林兰.视觉与色彩[J],长春：长春大学学报,2004.02,第14卷,33.
22.段殳.色彩应用[M],青岛：山东美术出版社,2000.05,第一版,7.
23.赖琼琦(台湾),色彩的意象与色彩文化,视传文化事业有限公司,1999.3,第二版,228-245.
24.晓青.汽车涂装涂料发展简史[J],上海汽车,2002.10,38-39.
25.高等院校安全工程专业教学指导委员会.安全人机工程学.北京：煤炭工业出版 社,2002
26.公安部交管局.道路交通心理学.北京：群众出版社,2001
27.China Cars Resource Net中国汽车资源网.Accident ratio of black cars is three times of white cars N/OL.2005.08.04. http://www.fedcars.com/files/200508/040211,html.
28.ZHOU Daoqi(周道其).Traffic accident frequency has relation wit colors of cars[J].Modern Science and Technology Translatio Books (Harbin)(现代科技译丛(哈尔滨)),2004(2),43.
29. ZHANG Qiang张强,CHEN Yuren陈雨人,PAN Xiaodong潘晓东.Color psychology application on road traffic safety[J].East China Highway华东公路,2005(6),65-67.
30.OUYANG Wenzhao欧阳文昭,LIAO Kebing寥可兵.Safety man-machine engineering(安全人机工程学)[M]. Beij ing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2002.
31.HEJing何京.Science in the car colors J. World Car世界汽车,2003(4),50.
32.王光新.色彩的魅力—试论流行色[J],新疆艺术,1996,第4期,7.
33.李桂兰.论毛纺织物的色彩艺术[J],设计师论坛,2000,第3期,46.
34.张乃仁.设计词典[M],北京：北京理工大学出版社,2002.1,第一版,636.
35.Oya Demirbilek, Bahar Sener. Product design, semantics and emotional response.
36.Nathan Shedroff. WEB GRAPHIC DESIGN. Amsterdam:BIS Publishers.2000.
37.George E. Belch, Michael A. Belch:ADVER TISING & PROMOTION. IRWIN.1995.