碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件厚度测试仪的研制
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摘要
复合材料三维整体异型编织技术是二十世纪八十年代发展起来的高新纺织技术,它具有异型件一次编织成型、结构不分层、整体性能好和设计灵活等特点,因而这种复合材料倍受关注。然而,编织物复合后的力学性能与编织物预制件的厚度及其不匀有着重要的关系,但是目前预制件的厚度还只能依靠手工检测。这样,由于没有统一的度量标准和标准测量仪器,使测量结果存在较大的误差,给这种高性能材料的研究与应用带来了很大的不便。因此,研究一种测量准确、简单实用的厚度测量仪器便显得格外重要。同时,这也为碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件的在线测量奠定了坚实的基础,并且为复合材料的力学性能分析提供了准确的数据。
     本文参考了前人对玻璃纤维复合材料预制件厚度的测量技术,特别是对前届研究生柴春茜同学的研究作了大量的分析,吸取了她的精华,同时也发现了她的不足之处。由此,本文提出了一种基于电涡流传感器进行碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件厚度测量的研究方法。首先,建立测量系统,硬件部分主要由电涡流传感器、压力传感器、微机系统、I/O板、步进电机及机械传动装置组成。其次,编制系统的软件程序,软件部分则引入了Windows 2000的多线程编程技术,采用Visual C++6.0编程工具来实现,其中包括一个总程序和三个线程程序。最后设计测量实验,进行实验数据的采集,分析实验结果,从而证明系统的可行性。而且,根据所测得的厚度值进行了预制件的厚度不匀分析。
     本文所研究的碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件的测厚方法是对常规的测厚方法的一次突破,该系统的研制成功,为三维编织复合材料测量增加了一种新的测量设备,为复合材料的力学性能研究和正确制造碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件提供了必要的基础。
The technology of the three-dimensional braided composite materials is a new high-placed textile technique developed in 1980' s. The materials are once braided and its structure is not stratified and it is good in entirety and designed flexibly. So it is closer concerned. It has important relation between composite materials' mechanics and perform thickness and irregularity index, but so far the perform thickness is only measured by hand. Because the measured standard is not unified, the result of measure has great errors. So the materials are not effectively researched and used. From the above, it is essential to design a measuring system, which can measure and analyze its thickness accurately and quickly. It is based on measuring carbon-fiber three-dimension braided composite materials perform, and provides accurately data for analyzing composite materials' mechanics.
    This paper studies measuring technique of glass-fiber three-dimension braided composite materials perform used by others, specially graduate student CHAI CHUN QIAN' production. So the paper puts forward a measuring method based on bow-wave sensor. Firstly, building measuring system, including bow-wave sensor, press sensor, microcomputer, I/O board, electromotor, machine. Secondly, programming to measuring system included a general program and three thread program, introducing Windows 2000 multithread, using Visual C++ 6. 0. Lastly, designing experiments to gather the data of experiments and analyze the result of experiments. This system proves feasible. Thus the irregularity index is analyzed.
    The method this paper discussed is an innovatory of the universal thickness measurement. Three research results will help filling in a gap in this field and provide the basis for the study of mechanical capacity and producing the three-dimensional braided composite materials perform
    
    accurately.
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