摘要
复合材料三维整体异型编织技术是二十世纪八十年代发展起来的高新纺织技术,它具有异型件一次编织成型、结构不分层、整体性能好和设计灵活等特点,因而这种复合材料倍受关注。然而,编织物复合后的力学性能与编织物预制件的厚度及其不匀有着重要的关系,但是目前预制件的厚度还只能依靠手工检测。这样,由于没有统一的度量标准和标准测量仪器,使测量结果存在较大的误差,给这种高性能材料的研究与应用带来了很大的不便。因此,研究一种测量准确、简单实用的厚度测量仪器便显得格外重要。同时,这也为碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件的在线测量奠定了坚实的基础,并且为复合材料的力学性能分析提供了准确的数据。
本文参考了前人对玻璃纤维复合材料预制件厚度的测量技术,特别是对前届研究生柴春茜同学的研究作了大量的分析,吸取了她的精华,同时也发现了她的不足之处。由此,本文提出了一种基于电涡流传感器进行碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件厚度测量的研究方法。首先,建立测量系统,硬件部分主要由电涡流传感器、压力传感器、微机系统、I/O板、步进电机及机械传动装置组成。其次,编制系统的软件程序,软件部分则引入了Windows 2000的多线程编程技术,采用Visual C++6.0编程工具来实现,其中包括一个总程序和三个线程程序。最后设计测量实验,进行实验数据的采集,分析实验结果,从而证明系统的可行性。而且,根据所测得的厚度值进行了预制件的厚度不匀分析。
本文所研究的碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件的测厚方法是对常规的测厚方法的一次突破,该系统的研制成功,为三维编织复合材料测量增加了一种新的测量设备,为复合材料的力学性能研究和正确制造碳纤维三维编织复合材料预制件提供了必要的基础。
The technology of the three-dimensional braided composite materials is a new high-placed textile technique developed in 1980' s. The materials are once braided and its structure is not stratified and it is good in entirety and designed flexibly. So it is closer concerned. It has important relation between composite materials' mechanics and perform thickness and irregularity index, but so far the perform thickness is only measured by hand. Because the measured standard is not unified, the result of measure has great errors. So the materials are not effectively researched and used. From the above, it is essential to design a measuring system, which can measure and analyze its thickness accurately and quickly. It is based on measuring carbon-fiber three-dimension braided composite materials perform, and provides accurately data for analyzing composite materials' mechanics.
This paper studies measuring technique of glass-fiber three-dimension braided composite materials perform used by others, specially graduate student CHAI CHUN QIAN' production. So the paper puts forward a measuring method based on bow-wave sensor. Firstly, building measuring system, including bow-wave sensor, press sensor, microcomputer, I/O board, electromotor, machine. Secondly, programming to measuring system included a general program and three thread program, introducing Windows 2000 multithread, using Visual C++ 6. 0. Lastly, designing experiments to gather the data of experiments and analyze the result of experiments. This system proves feasible. Thus the irregularity index is analyzed.
The method this paper discussed is an innovatory of the universal thickness measurement. Three research results will help filling in a gap in this field and provide the basis for the study of mechanical capacity and producing the three-dimensional braided composite materials perform
accurately.
引文
[1] N.B 诺维茨茎[苏].非电量的电测量.北京:机械工业出版社.1985
[2] 肖长发编著,纤维复合材料[M],中国石化出版社,1995
[3] 磁敏传感器.国外传感技术.Vol.12,No.3
[4] Aukett P N, Quirke N, Riddiford S. Methane adsorption on microporous carbons: A comparison of experiment, theory, and simulation [J]. Carbon, 1992, 30(6): 913-915.
[5] Chen J, Tao X M, choy C L. A study on the microsreucture of three-dimensional braids [J]. Proceedings of Eleventh International Conference of Composite Materials, 1997, 5: 317-327
[6] Olivieri M P. Interfacial biophysics; relating structure to function at surfaces[J]. Encyclopedic handbook of biomaterials and bioengineering, Part A: Materials, 1995, (1): 20-25.
[7] Asano S, Kaneds S, Umehara S, et al. The mechanical properties of the human L4-5 functional spinal unit during cycle loading[J]. 1992
[8] Prazdny, K. On the information in optical flows[J]. Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing, 1983, 22: 239-259.
[9] Wang R, Shindo Y, Horiguchi K, et al. Theoretical and experimental evaluation of double-notch shear strength of G-10CR glass-cloth/epoxy laminates at cryogenic temperatures[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 1999, 121(6): 367-373.
[10] 杨桂,敖大新,张志勇等,编织结构复合材料制作、工艺及工业实践,北京:科学出版社,1999
[11] 黄家康,岳红军,董永祺 主编,复合材料成型技术,化学工业出版社,1999
[12] 陶肖明,冼杏娟,高冠勋 (F.K.Ko),纺织结构复合材料,科学出版社,2001
[13] 周光明,三维编织复合材料力学性能与成型研究,南京航空航天大学博士学位论文,1994
[14] 孙慧玉,编织结构复合材料的力学性能预报和成型工艺研究,南京航空航天大学博士学位论文,1996
[15] 肖翠蓉,唐羽章,复合材料工艺学,北京:国防科技大学出版社,1991
[16] 欧阳国恩,欧阳荣 主编,复合材料试验技术,武汉工业大学出版社,1993
[17] H. Benson Dexter, Development of Textile Reinforced Composites for Aircraft Structures, Fourth International Symposium for Textile Composites, Kyoto, Japan, October 12-14, 1998
[18] 皮广禄,国外传感器技术的现状和发展,传感器世界,1999,(1)
[19] Kamiya R, Cheeseman B A, Proper P and Chou TW, Some recent advances in the fabrication and design of three-dimensional textile performs: a review, Composite Science and Technology, 2000, 60, 33—47
[20] 贺福,王茂章著,碳纤维及其复合材料[M],科学出版社,1995
[21] 姚穆、周锦芳,黄淑珍,邵礼宏,安瑞风,范德忻编,纺织材料学[M],纺织工业出版社,1980
[22] 洪文学、李海峰,周少敏等,符号化测量的基本原理及其一般化模型[J],计量学报,1997
[23] 许鹤鸣编著,碳纤维[M],科学出版社,1979
[24] 王善元、张汝光等编著,纤维增强复合材料[M],中国纺织大学出版社,1998
[25] 宗孔德,胡广书编著,数字信号处理[M],清华大学出版社,1988
[26] 刘宝廷、程树康等编著,步进电动机及其驱动控制系统[M],哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1997
[27] 王化祥,张淑英编著,传感器原理及应用[M],天津大学出版社,1988
[28] 万振凯、李嘉禄,王晓生,三维编织复合材料预制件厚度在线测量及其不匀分析系统[J],纺织学报,2000 (2)
[29] 戴冠雄、杨桂、李嘉禄编著,纺织电测信号的数字处理[M],纺织工业出版社,1988
[30] 费业泰主编,误差理论与数据处理[M],机械工业出版社,1995
[31] 巴格 (Bugg,K.)编著,常小刚翻译,Debugging Visual C++ Windows,中国电力出版社,2000
[32] 求是科技 李现勇编著,Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实践,人民邮电出版社,2002
[33] 郭庆民 黄业清编著,Visual C++高级界面特效制作百例,中国电力出版社,2000
[34] 张永瑞,刘振起,杨林耀,顾玉昆,电子测量技术基础[M],西安电子科技大学出版社,1994
[35] 唐统一编著,近代电磁测量[M],中国计量出版社,1992
[36] 张钟华,量子电基准的发展近况[J],现代计量测试,1993
[37] 陈海军,模型化测量基本理论及其应用的研究[D],哈尔滨工业大学博士论文,1995
[38] 赵新民、陈海军,模型化测量的发展现状与展望[J],计量学报,1999
[39] 黄俊钦、孟晓凤,只能测试系统的一种设计思想[J],计量学报,1996
[40] 李之彬等,电能表批量检定中的以源检表技术[J],电测与仪表,1996
[41] 罗琛、王晶华,钢铁工业自动化及其对仪表的要求[J],中国仪电报,1999
[42] 张松春、竺子芳、赵秀芬等,电子控制设备抗干扰技术及其应用 (第2版)[M],机械工业出版社,1998
[43] 孙树勤、林海雪,干扰性负荷的供电[M],中国电力出版社,1996
[44] 嘉卿,美国测试行业动态拾零[J],电子仪器信息,1998
[45] 应怀樵,卡泰仪器与虚拟仪器技术的发展趋势[J],国外电子测量技术,2000