基于整个输电网的故障行波定位系统研究
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摘要
输电线路故障在故障点产生暂态行波信号,沿故障线路经母线向整个电网传播。传统双端行波定位方法根据输电线路两端行波定位装置记录的行波到达时间差进行定位计算,在线路某一端定位装置故障、启动失灵或时间记录错误等情况下会导致故障定位失败。为此,本文研究了基于整个输电网的故障行波定位系统,在输电网中各变电站安装行波定位装置,故障后检测到达各个变电站的初始故障行波,根据网络中各个变电站记录的初始行波到达时间进行全网故障定位。
论文首先研究了行波在整个输电网中的传输特性,EMTP仿真分析了故障行波在整个输电网中的传输过程。在此基础上,提出了基于网络的故障行波定位算法。运用Floyd算法搜索任意两变电站之间的最短路径,匹配行波波头到达各变电站的精确时间,根据网络中的最短路径矩阵和匹配时间矩阵综合计算故障点位置。设计了基于整个输电网的故障行波定位网络,包括专门的行波传感器、分散分布的行波定位装置和行波定位主机。提出了行波定位装置与行波定位主机之间的GPRS无线通信方案。开发了基于网络的故障行波定位软件,具有全网故障信息数据的管理及基于Web的故障位置信息发布等功能。
该电网故障行波定位系统已在株洲电网运行。运行结果表明该系统能可靠、准确地定位电网中的各种故障,减小故障恢复时间,提高电网运行水平。该研究成果将为下一步开发行波保护装置奠定理论和技术基础。
Power system faults, causing waves travel along the faulted line, pass through buses, and spread to the whole power grid. Traditional double-terminal traveling wave based fault location method calculates fault position according to the arrival time difference of traveling wave recorded by traveling wave location device (TWLD) which are installed at the two end of the transmission line. However, faults may not be located accurately in some abnormal conditions, such as TWLD faults, startup failure and time record error. In order to improve it, power grid based fault location system is studied in this thesis. TWLDs are installed at each substation where fault caused traveling waves are recorded, and apply to calculate the faults position.
Firstly, traveling wave transmission characteristics in power grids are researched in this thesis. The transmission process of traveling waves is simulated by EMTP transient model. A network-based fault location algorithm with traveling wave is developed. The Floyd algorithm searches the shortest routes between any two stations in the faulted power grid. And the first-traveling wave arriving times to every station are identified. The fault position is calculated by using the shortest routes and the times. In addition, the traveling wave fault location network is developed, including traveling wave sensors, TWLDs and fault location host computers. The GPRS wireless communication scheme for the fault location network is also presented, by which TWLDs communicate with the fault location host compute. At last, the power grid fault location software is designed. It has the function of faults information management and faults position publication on Internet with browser/server mode.
The developed power grid faults location system has been applied in Zhu zhou power company, China. The practical results show that the system can locate all kinds of faults reliably and accurately. It can reduce fault recovery time and improve power grid operation level. The research productions establish theoretic and technical foundation for the future development of traveling wave protection devices.
论文首先研究了行波在整个输电网中的传输特性,EMTP仿真分析了故障行波在整个输电网中的传输过程。在此基础上,提出了基于网络的故障行波定位算法。运用Floyd算法搜索任意两变电站之间的最短路径,匹配行波波头到达各变电站的精确时间,根据网络中的最短路径矩阵和匹配时间矩阵综合计算故障点位置。设计了基于整个输电网的故障行波定位网络,包括专门的行波传感器、分散分布的行波定位装置和行波定位主机。提出了行波定位装置与行波定位主机之间的GPRS无线通信方案。开发了基于网络的故障行波定位软件,具有全网故障信息数据的管理及基于Web的故障位置信息发布等功能。
该电网故障行波定位系统已在株洲电网运行。运行结果表明该系统能可靠、准确地定位电网中的各种故障,减小故障恢复时间,提高电网运行水平。该研究成果将为下一步开发行波保护装置奠定理论和技术基础。
Power system faults, causing waves travel along the faulted line, pass through buses, and spread to the whole power grid. Traditional double-terminal traveling wave based fault location method calculates fault position according to the arrival time difference of traveling wave recorded by traveling wave location device (TWLD) which are installed at the two end of the transmission line. However, faults may not be located accurately in some abnormal conditions, such as TWLD faults, startup failure and time record error. In order to improve it, power grid based fault location system is studied in this thesis. TWLDs are installed at each substation where fault caused traveling waves are recorded, and apply to calculate the faults position.
Firstly, traveling wave transmission characteristics in power grids are researched in this thesis. The transmission process of traveling waves is simulated by EMTP transient model. A network-based fault location algorithm with traveling wave is developed. The Floyd algorithm searches the shortest routes between any two stations in the faulted power grid. And the first-traveling wave arriving times to every station are identified. The fault position is calculated by using the shortest routes and the times. In addition, the traveling wave fault location network is developed, including traveling wave sensors, TWLDs and fault location host computers. The GPRS wireless communication scheme for the fault location network is also presented, by which TWLDs communicate with the fault location host compute. At last, the power grid fault location software is designed. It has the function of faults information management and faults position publication on Internet with browser/server mode.
The developed power grid faults location system has been applied in Zhu zhou power company, China. The practical results show that the system can locate all kinds of faults reliably and accurately. It can reduce fault recovery time and improve power grid operation level. The research productions establish theoretic and technical foundation for the future development of traveling wave protection devices.
引文
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[7] 湖帆,刘沛,程时杰. 高压输电线路故障测距算法仿真研究.中国电机工程学报,1995,15(1),67-72
[8] 李志民,陈学允.基于单侧信息的输电线路故障测距新方法.中国电机工程学报,1997,17(6),88-91
[9] 全玉生,王晓蓉等.高压输电线路单端模糊故障测距新方法(理论部分). 高电压技术,1999,25(4),77-79
[10] Johns A T,Jumali S.Accurate fault location technique for power transmission lines.IEE Proc.,1990,137(6):266-270
[11] Damir Novosel, Harp D G, Eric Udren, etal. Unsynchronized Two-Terminal Fault Location Estimation. IEEE Trans, 1996, PWRD-11(1):130-137
[12] 崔静安,王安定.一种利用双端电气量的新型故障测距算法.电网技术,1996,20(12),90-94
[13] 董新洲,葛耀中. 一种使用两端电气量的高压输电线路故障测距算法.电力系统自动化,1995,19(8):47-53
[14] 苏进喜,罗承沐,解子凤等. 基于 GPS 双端同步采样的输电线路故障定位的研究 清华大学学报自然科学版 1999,39(9),54-59
[15] 徐丙垠. 利用暂态行波的输电线路故障测距技术:[西安交通大学博士学位论文]. 西安:西安交通大学,1991,66-68
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[19] 董新洲,葛耀中,徐丙垠等. 一种利用 GPS 的输电线路行波故障测距研究.电力系统自动化,1996,20(12)
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