电子学档系统的设计与开发
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摘要
基于新课程改革完善评价体系的要求,电子学档(Eportfolios)作为实施新课程改革过程性评价的一种有效工具,已经逐渐得到了教育者的认同。并且随着学习型社会的构建和终身学习的需要,电子学档将成为网络时代的必需,它不仅仅作为评估的手段和工具,而且发展成为了一种学习的工具和支持环境,具有知识管理、协作学习、多元评价等功能。笔者在研究了国内外的一些电子学档系统后,总结了这些系统的不足之处,结合笔者对电子学档的理解,并且根据当前计算机网络、数据库技术的发展状况分析出开发电子学档的可行性,最后设计和开发了可以同时面向教师和学生的电子学档系统。并且基本实现了设计所要求的功能。包括前台用户界面、管理员子系统、教师子系统和学生子系统4个部分。
本文首先介绍了电子学档的国内外的相关研究、发展现状及研究意义,阐述了开发电子学档系统的理论基础及相关技术,较详细地论述了电子学档系统的分析与设计,对整个系统的各个功能模块进行了详细说明。着重描述了整个系统的开发过程,介绍了系统的设计思想、技术路线、开发平台的选择、系统总体框架、业务流程、本系统应实现的功能以及具体的实现方法和步骤。笔者依据软件工程中瀑布模型的开发思想,完成了本系统的设计与开发。在系统实现过程中,主要利用了ASP技术、XML标记语言、VBScript脚本语言、CSS样式表等常用的网络开发技术,采用了B/S(浏览器/服务器)体系结构,使系统具有可重用和可维护性良好的特点。系统使用的关键程序设计技术包括分类和标签、模糊查询、RSS简易信息聚合、MD5加密、SQL注入过滤、验证码和系统缓存等技术。
文章的最后,对系统进行了测试,通过测试基本可以保证系统的正常运行。并且对本文完成的主要工作做了总结,提出了研究的不足之处以及对今后学习和工作研究的展望。
Consummates the evaluation system's request based on the new curriculum reform, eportfolios the achievement implements the new curriculum reform the process evaluation one kind of effective tool, already gradually obtained by educators. And lifelong studies along with the study society's construction needs, eportfolios will become the network time the essential, it not only as appraisal method and tool, moreover developed into one kind of study tool and the support environment, had functions of knowledge management、cooperation study、multi-dimensional evaluation and so on. After the author having studied the domestic and foreign some eportfolios system, summarized these system's deficiency, refered to the author's understanding, and acted according to the current computer network, the database technology development condition to analyze the development eportfolios the feasibility, the ultimate design and developed has been possible simultaneously to face the teacher and student's eportfolios system. And has realized the function which basically the design requests. Including 4 parts of onstage user interface、manager subsystem、teacher subsystem and student subsystem.
At first this article introduced eportfolios' domestic and foreign related research, the development of present situation and the researching significance, explained the development eportfolios system's rationale and the correlation technique, elaborated eportfolios system's analysis and the design in detail, has carried on the detailed explanation to overall system's each functional module. Described the process of system exploiting, introduced system's design concept, the technical route, develop the function which the platform the choice, the system overall frame, the operation flow, this system should realize as well as concrete realize the method and the step. The author based on the software engineering in waterfall model's development thought that has completed this system's design and the development. In the system realizes in the process, mainly has used the ASP technology, the XML mark language, the VBScript script language, the CSS cascading style sheet and so on commonly used network development technology, has used B/S (browser/server) the architecture, enables the system to have may entrust with heavy responsibility with the maintainable good characteristic. The system use's essential programming technique including the classification and the label, the fuzzy inquiry, the RSS Really Simple Syndication, the MD5 encryption, SQL pours into filtration, confirmation code and system buffer technologies and so on.
Final, to make a system texting, through the testing, may guarantee system's normal operation. And completes to this article the prime task has made the summary, proposed the research deficiency as well as to the next study and the work study forecast.
本文首先介绍了电子学档的国内外的相关研究、发展现状及研究意义,阐述了开发电子学档系统的理论基础及相关技术,较详细地论述了电子学档系统的分析与设计,对整个系统的各个功能模块进行了详细说明。着重描述了整个系统的开发过程,介绍了系统的设计思想、技术路线、开发平台的选择、系统总体框架、业务流程、本系统应实现的功能以及具体的实现方法和步骤。笔者依据软件工程中瀑布模型的开发思想,完成了本系统的设计与开发。在系统实现过程中,主要利用了ASP技术、XML标记语言、VBScript脚本语言、CSS样式表等常用的网络开发技术,采用了B/S(浏览器/服务器)体系结构,使系统具有可重用和可维护性良好的特点。系统使用的关键程序设计技术包括分类和标签、模糊查询、RSS简易信息聚合、MD5加密、SQL注入过滤、验证码和系统缓存等技术。
文章的最后,对系统进行了测试,通过测试基本可以保证系统的正常运行。并且对本文完成的主要工作做了总结,提出了研究的不足之处以及对今后学习和工作研究的展望。
Consummates the evaluation system's request based on the new curriculum reform, eportfolios the achievement implements the new curriculum reform the process evaluation one kind of effective tool, already gradually obtained by educators. And lifelong studies along with the study society's construction needs, eportfolios will become the network time the essential, it not only as appraisal method and tool, moreover developed into one kind of study tool and the support environment, had functions of knowledge management、cooperation study、multi-dimensional evaluation and so on. After the author having studied the domestic and foreign some eportfolios system, summarized these system's deficiency, refered to the author's understanding, and acted according to the current computer network, the database technology development condition to analyze the development eportfolios the feasibility, the ultimate design and developed has been possible simultaneously to face the teacher and student's eportfolios system. And has realized the function which basically the design requests. Including 4 parts of onstage user interface、manager subsystem、teacher subsystem and student subsystem.
At first this article introduced eportfolios' domestic and foreign related research, the development of present situation and the researching significance, explained the development eportfolios system's rationale and the correlation technique, elaborated eportfolios system's analysis and the design in detail, has carried on the detailed explanation to overall system's each functional module. Described the process of system exploiting, introduced system's design concept, the technical route, develop the function which the platform the choice, the system overall frame, the operation flow, this system should realize as well as concrete realize the method and the step. The author based on the software engineering in waterfall model's development thought that has completed this system's design and the development. In the system realizes in the process, mainly has used the ASP technology, the XML mark language, the VBScript script language, the CSS cascading style sheet and so on commonly used network development technology, has used B/S (browser/server) the architecture, enables the system to have may entrust with heavy responsibility with the maintainable good characteristic. The system use's essential programming technique including the classification and the label, the fuzzy inquiry, the RSS Really Simple Syndication, the MD5 encryption, SQL pours into filtration, confirmation code and system buffer technologies and so on.
Final, to make a system texting, through the testing, may guarantee system's normal operation. And completes to this article the prime task has made the summary, proposed the research deficiency as well as to the next study and the work study forecast.
引文
[1]教基[2001]17 号.基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)[S].教育部,2001:
[2]倪震祥.网络研究性学习评价方法初探[J].教育广角,2006,(2):71
[3]王佑镁. 电子学档系统的整合模型研究[J].现代教育技术,2007,17(4):65
[4]雷彦兴.档案袋评定的电子化构架及开发策略[J].电化教育研究,2003,(10):63
[5]王佑镁.电子学档:信息化教学新思路 [J].中国电化教育,2002,(10):18
[6] Janediane Smith, Denise M Brewer, Tom Heffner.Using Portfolio Assessments With Young Children Who Are at Risk for School Failure.Preventing School Failure.Washington 2003.Vol.48:38
[7]李雁冰.课程评价沦[[M].上海教育出版社,2002
[8]施章清.论档案袋评定与学生评价[J].课程教材教法,2004,24(1):77
[9]汪向征.电子档案袋的开发及其应用研究[D].华南师范大学硕士论文,2005:
[10]王佑镁,基于 eportfolios 的信息化教学评价策略研究[J].电化教育研究,2003,(12):61
[11]王佑镁.电子学档:信息化教学新思路 [J].中国电化教育,2002,(10):18
[12] George Lorenzo and John Ittelson. An Overview of E-Portfolios[R].ELI Paper 1: 2005, July 2005
[13]王佑镁.技术框架:电子学档的设计与开发[J].现代教育技术,2003,(4):46
[14]施良方.学习论[M].人民教育出版社,1992:49
[15]高凌飚.关于过程性评价思考[J].课程·教材·教法,2004,24(10):15,16 参考文献:
[1]王佑镁. 电子学档的理论与应用研究[D].江西师范大学,2002:
[2]韩涛.学生电子成长档案系统的设计与开发[D].河北大学,2006:
[3]胡春红. 基于电子学档的网络学习评价系统的设计与实现[D].华中师范大学,2006:
[4]汪向征. 电子档案袋的开发及其教学应用研究[D].华南师范大学,2005:
[5]赖晶亮.高等学校电子教档的构建研究[D].江西师范大学,2006:
[6]郝兆杰.个人知识管理系统的设计与开发[D].华中师范大学,2006:
[7]庞艳霞.构件化电子学档系统的设计与开发[D].华东师范大学,2004:
[8]张金玉.基于电子教学档案的教师专业化评价研究[D].华东师范大学,2005:
[9]胡春红.基于电子学档的网络学习评价系统的设计与实现[D].华中师范大学,2006:
[10]程桂芳.基于电子学档的网络学习评价研究.南京师范大学[D],2004:
[11]田越.网络课程中电子学习档案设计与制作的研究[D],2004:
[12]马晓云.应用 Blog 实现数字化档案袋评价的研究[D],2005:
[13]肖池.基于 ASP 电子档案袋的设计与实现[J].电脑学习,2006,(10)
[14]王佑镁.电子学档系统开发的关键技术剖析[J].教育信息化,2006,12
[15]李顺.电子学档:一种面向过程的评价手段[J].中小学信息技术教育,2004,5
[16]谈成芳.电子学档:一种有效的过程性评价工具[J].信息技术教育,2006,10
[17]吴维宁.过程性评价的理念与方法[J].课程.教材.教法,2006,6
[18]Electronic Portfolio White Paper VERSION 1.0 http://eportconsortium.org
[19]雷彦兴.档案袋评定的电子化架构及开发策略[J].电教技术教学应用,2003,(10)
[20]林雯.档案袋在我国的研究及应用现状分析[J].开放教育研究,2005,(4)
[21]胡金艳.美国电子学档的特点探析[J].教育视野,2006,(11)
[22]张维刚.研究生个人电子学档的设计与创建[J].四川师范学院学报,2003,(4)
[23]李倩.远程学习评价中电子学档的设计与实现[J].现代远距离教育,2006,(2)
[24]王佑镁.网络学习环境中电子学档系统的设计与应用[J].开放教育研究,2004,(5)
[25]王佑镁. 电子学档:信息化教学的新思路[J].中国电化教育,2002,(10)
[26]柴阳丽. 电子学档:终身学习的伴侣[J].教育信息化,2006,(9)
[27]高凌飚.关于过程性评价思考[J].课程.教材.教法,2004,10(15)
[28]韩国峰,杨力学。网络系统开发实例精粹(ASP 版)[M].电子工业出版社出版社,2006
[29]钟志贤.信息化教学模式[M].北京师范大学出版社,2005
[30]何克抗.教育技术学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002
[31]祝智庭.现代教育技术[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2002
[32]施良方。学习论[M].人民教育出版社,1992
[33]刘雍潜,李龙.教育技术基础[M].中央广播电视大学出版社
[34]李克东.教育技术学研究方法[M].北京师范大学出版社,2003
[35]张海藩.软件工程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[36]吴洁明,袁山龙.软件工程应用实践教程[M].清华大学出版社,2003
[37]汪孝宜,吴士力。网络系统开发实例精粹(ASP 版)[M].电子工业出版社, 2006
[38]万峰科技.ASP 网站开发四酷全书[M].电子工业出版社,2006
[39]薛凤武,周诺.VBScript 5. 0[M]实践与提高.北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[40]陈锋棋,林志强.完全接触 ASP 之基础与实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[41]蔡翠平,尚俊杰.网页设计程序—ASP(第二版)[M].京:清华大学出版社,2004
[2]倪震祥.网络研究性学习评价方法初探[J].教育广角,2006,(2):71
[3]王佑镁. 电子学档系统的整合模型研究[J].现代教育技术,2007,17(4):65
[4]雷彦兴.档案袋评定的电子化构架及开发策略[J].电化教育研究,2003,(10):63
[5]王佑镁.电子学档:信息化教学新思路 [J].中国电化教育,2002,(10):18
[6] Janediane Smith, Denise M Brewer, Tom Heffner.Using Portfolio Assessments With Young Children Who Are at Risk for School Failure.Preventing School Failure.Washington 2003.Vol.48:38
[7]李雁冰.课程评价沦[[M].上海教育出版社,2002
[8]施章清.论档案袋评定与学生评价[J].课程教材教法,2004,24(1):77
[9]汪向征.电子档案袋的开发及其应用研究[D].华南师范大学硕士论文,2005:
[10]王佑镁,基于 eportfolios 的信息化教学评价策略研究[J].电化教育研究,2003,(12):61
[11]王佑镁.电子学档:信息化教学新思路 [J].中国电化教育,2002,(10):18
[12] George Lorenzo and John Ittelson. An Overview of E-Portfolios[R].ELI Paper 1: 2005, July 2005
[13]王佑镁.技术框架:电子学档的设计与开发[J].现代教育技术,2003,(4):46
[14]施良方.学习论[M].人民教育出版社,1992:49
[15]高凌飚.关于过程性评价思考[J].课程·教材·教法,2004,24(10):15,16 参考文献:
[1]王佑镁. 电子学档的理论与应用研究[D].江西师范大学,2002:
[2]韩涛.学生电子成长档案系统的设计与开发[D].河北大学,2006:
[3]胡春红. 基于电子学档的网络学习评价系统的设计与实现[D].华中师范大学,2006:
[4]汪向征. 电子档案袋的开发及其教学应用研究[D].华南师范大学,2005:
[5]赖晶亮.高等学校电子教档的构建研究[D].江西师范大学,2006:
[6]郝兆杰.个人知识管理系统的设计与开发[D].华中师范大学,2006:
[7]庞艳霞.构件化电子学档系统的设计与开发[D].华东师范大学,2004:
[8]张金玉.基于电子教学档案的教师专业化评价研究[D].华东师范大学,2005:
[9]胡春红.基于电子学档的网络学习评价系统的设计与实现[D].华中师范大学,2006:
[10]程桂芳.基于电子学档的网络学习评价研究.南京师范大学[D],2004:
[11]田越.网络课程中电子学习档案设计与制作的研究[D],2004:
[12]马晓云.应用 Blog 实现数字化档案袋评价的研究[D],2005:
[13]肖池.基于 ASP 电子档案袋的设计与实现[J].电脑学习,2006,(10)
[14]王佑镁.电子学档系统开发的关键技术剖析[J].教育信息化,2006,12
[15]李顺.电子学档:一种面向过程的评价手段[J].中小学信息技术教育,2004,5
[16]谈成芳.电子学档:一种有效的过程性评价工具[J].信息技术教育,2006,10
[17]吴维宁.过程性评价的理念与方法[J].课程.教材.教法,2006,6
[18]Electronic Portfolio White Paper VERSION 1.0 http://eportconsortium.org
[19]雷彦兴.档案袋评定的电子化架构及开发策略[J].电教技术教学应用,2003,(10)
[20]林雯.档案袋在我国的研究及应用现状分析[J].开放教育研究,2005,(4)
[21]胡金艳.美国电子学档的特点探析[J].教育视野,2006,(11)
[22]张维刚.研究生个人电子学档的设计与创建[J].四川师范学院学报,2003,(4)
[23]李倩.远程学习评价中电子学档的设计与实现[J].现代远距离教育,2006,(2)
[24]王佑镁.网络学习环境中电子学档系统的设计与应用[J].开放教育研究,2004,(5)
[25]王佑镁. 电子学档:信息化教学的新思路[J].中国电化教育,2002,(10)
[26]柴阳丽. 电子学档:终身学习的伴侣[J].教育信息化,2006,(9)
[27]高凌飚.关于过程性评价思考[J].课程.教材.教法,2004,10(15)
[28]韩国峰,杨力学。网络系统开发实例精粹(ASP 版)[M].电子工业出版社出版社,2006
[29]钟志贤.信息化教学模式[M].北京师范大学出版社,2005
[30]何克抗.教育技术学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002
[31]祝智庭.现代教育技术[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2002
[32]施良方。学习论[M].人民教育出版社,1992
[33]刘雍潜,李龙.教育技术基础[M].中央广播电视大学出版社
[34]李克东.教育技术学研究方法[M].北京师范大学出版社,2003
[35]张海藩.软件工程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[36]吴洁明,袁山龙.软件工程应用实践教程[M].清华大学出版社,2003
[37]汪孝宜,吴士力。网络系统开发实例精粹(ASP 版)[M].电子工业出版社, 2006
[38]万峰科技.ASP 网站开发四酷全书[M].电子工业出版社,2006
[39]薛凤武,周诺.VBScript 5. 0[M]实践与提高.北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[40]陈锋棋,林志强.完全接触 ASP 之基础与实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[41]蔡翠平,尚俊杰.网页设计程序—ASP(第二版)[M].京:清华大学出版社,2004