深水网格式锚碇网箱水动力特性研究
|
摘要
为缓解海洋捕捞业的巨大压力,实施海洋渔业可持续发展战略,近年来深水网箱养殖在沿海地区已被广泛应用。深水网箱养殖的规模化、集约化和产业化已成为渔业结构调整的重要方向。由于深水网箱所处的海洋环境恶劣复杂,要求网箱系统具备较强的抗风浪能力,以保证整个网箱系统安全工作,尽可能地减少渔民的损失。在我国深水网箱国产化过程中,网箱锚碇系统的设计及在特定锚碇系统形式下网箱的水动力特性研究是首先要面对的问题。本论文研究工作依托国家自然科学基金项目及“863”计划合作项目。
论文研究内容共有七部分组成：第一部分为绪论,主要介绍论文研究背景、国内外、深水网箱发展概况及研究进展。第二部分对网箱系统的各组成部分进行了物理模型试验设计。第三部分通过对四点锚碇、水下网格锚碇的网箱模型试验结果的统计分析,对深、水网箱的锚碇形式及波、流作用方向提出了合理建议。第四部分研究内容为设计了水下：网格式锚碇6种网箱组合模型,在单纯流作用情况下,测试了各模型网箱网前、网内及网后的流速值,通过统计分析研究了网格式锚碇网箱的阻流效应,为后续的数值模拟提供了流场成果。第五部分介绍了水下网格式锚碇网箱数值模拟的基本方法。第六部分利用数值模拟及模型试验相结合的方法对单个水下网格式锚碇网箱在单纯流、单纯波及波流共同作用情况下的水动力特性分别进行了研究,分析了网箱网格下潜深度及波流入射角度对网箱水动力特性的影响。第七部分设计了一种由两个单体网箱组合而成的水下网格式锚碇网箱模型,利用数值模拟及模型试验相结合的方法分析了组合式网箱在单纯流、单纯波及波流共同作用情况下网箱的水动力特性,并与单体网箱在相同工况下的水动力特性进行了比较。文章最后对本文取得的主要研究成果进行了总结,同时对今后深水网格式锚碇网箱水动力研究发展进行了展望。
In order to relieve the pressure of marine capture fisheries and implement the strategy of sustainable development of marine fisheries, deep-water cage industry has been developed rapidly in the coastal areas of our country recently. Net cage aquaculture of scale, intensification and industrialization has become an important direction of aquaculture development. Compared with net cage used in sheltered area, the net cage in open sea will resist more severe wave loading. For this reason, the deep-water cage is required to withstand severe conditions such as strong winds, currents and storms. The safety of cage system should be ensured, and then the loss of fishermen could be minimized. During the design of deep-water cage, the research on the mooring system design and hydrodynamic behaviors of cage under mooring system should be put in a significant place. The doctoral dissertation has been financially supported by the National 863 High Technology Project and National Natural Science Foundation Project.
The contents are mainly composed of seven parts. The first part is a general introduction to the research background, the development and prospects of deep-water cage at home and abroad. The second part is about the design of physical model method. In the third part, according to the result analysis of model experiment about four-point mooring, under-water grid mooring net cage, the reasonal suggestion has been proposed on mooring types and direction of incident wave-current. The fourth part of the dissertation presents the design of six types of grid mooring net cage, the flow velocities in front of the net cage, behind the net cage and inside the net cage are measured. With the analyses of the data, flow-resistance effect of cage net is studied, which is a result of flow field for numerical simulation investigation afterwards. The basic method of numerical simulation investigation of net cage is presented in the fifth part. And in the sixth part, with the combination of the numerical simulation method and the model experiment, the hydrodynamic behavior of single under-water gird mooring net cage under the influence of current, wave and combined wave-current are studied. Based on the study, the effect of the submerged depth of net cage grid and direction of incident combined wave-current on hydrodynamic behavior of net cage is analyzed. In the seventh part, a model of under-water grid mooring net cage is designed, which is the combination of two net cages, to analyze the hydrodynamic behavior under the influence of current, wave and combined wave-current with the combination of the numerical simulation method and the model experiment, and compares the hydrodynamic behaviors between the double net cags and single net cage on same conditions.At last, the achievements of the study are summarized and the prospects of the study of hydrodynamic behavior of deep-water grid mooring net cage are also discussed.
论文研究内容共有七部分组成：第一部分为绪论,主要介绍论文研究背景、国内外、深水网箱发展概况及研究进展。第二部分对网箱系统的各组成部分进行了物理模型试验设计。第三部分通过对四点锚碇、水下网格锚碇的网箱模型试验结果的统计分析,对深、水网箱的锚碇形式及波、流作用方向提出了合理建议。第四部分研究内容为设计了水下：网格式锚碇6种网箱组合模型,在单纯流作用情况下,测试了各模型网箱网前、网内及网后的流速值,通过统计分析研究了网格式锚碇网箱的阻流效应,为后续的数值模拟提供了流场成果。第五部分介绍了水下网格式锚碇网箱数值模拟的基本方法。第六部分利用数值模拟及模型试验相结合的方法对单个水下网格式锚碇网箱在单纯流、单纯波及波流共同作用情况下的水动力特性分别进行了研究,分析了网箱网格下潜深度及波流入射角度对网箱水动力特性的影响。第七部分设计了一种由两个单体网箱组合而成的水下网格式锚碇网箱模型,利用数值模拟及模型试验相结合的方法分析了组合式网箱在单纯流、单纯波及波流共同作用情况下网箱的水动力特性,并与单体网箱在相同工况下的水动力特性进行了比较。文章最后对本文取得的主要研究成果进行了总结,同时对今后深水网格式锚碇网箱水动力研究发展进行了展望。
In order to relieve the pressure of marine capture fisheries and implement the strategy of sustainable development of marine fisheries, deep-water cage industry has been developed rapidly in the coastal areas of our country recently. Net cage aquaculture of scale, intensification and industrialization has become an important direction of aquaculture development. Compared with net cage used in sheltered area, the net cage in open sea will resist more severe wave loading. For this reason, the deep-water cage is required to withstand severe conditions such as strong winds, currents and storms. The safety of cage system should be ensured, and then the loss of fishermen could be minimized. During the design of deep-water cage, the research on the mooring system design and hydrodynamic behaviors of cage under mooring system should be put in a significant place. The doctoral dissertation has been financially supported by the National 863 High Technology Project and National Natural Science Foundation Project.
The contents are mainly composed of seven parts. The first part is a general introduction to the research background, the development and prospects of deep-water cage at home and abroad. The second part is about the design of physical model method. In the third part, according to the result analysis of model experiment about four-point mooring, under-water grid mooring net cage, the reasonal suggestion has been proposed on mooring types and direction of incident wave-current. The fourth part of the dissertation presents the design of six types of grid mooring net cage, the flow velocities in front of the net cage, behind the net cage and inside the net cage are measured. With the analyses of the data, flow-resistance effect of cage net is studied, which is a result of flow field for numerical simulation investigation afterwards. The basic method of numerical simulation investigation of net cage is presented in the fifth part. And in the sixth part, with the combination of the numerical simulation method and the model experiment, the hydrodynamic behavior of single under-water gird mooring net cage under the influence of current, wave and combined wave-current are studied. Based on the study, the effect of the submerged depth of net cage grid and direction of incident combined wave-current on hydrodynamic behavior of net cage is analyzed. In the seventh part, a model of under-water grid mooring net cage is designed, which is the combination of two net cages, to analyze the hydrodynamic behavior under the influence of current, wave and combined wave-current with the combination of the numerical simulation method and the model experiment, and compares the hydrodynamic behaviors between the double net cags and single net cage on same conditions.At last, the achievements of the study are summarized and the prospects of the study of hydrodynamic behavior of deep-water grid mooring net cage are also discussed.
引文
[1]徐君卓.国外大型深水养殖网箱类型介绍.中国水产,2001(10)：54-55.
[2]张朝晖,丛娇日.深海网箱的选择与管理.渔业现代化,2002(5)：32-34.
[3]吴子岳,范狄庆.关于瑞典牧海型(Farmocean)深水网箱的结构与特点的概述.现代渔业信息,2003,18(10)：16-17.
[4]徐君卓.深水网箱养鱼业的现状与发展趋势.海洋渔业,2004,26(3)：226-330.
[5]http://news.tech110.net/html/n_385463.html.
[6]徐君卓.我国深水网箱的发展动向及重点.科学养鱼,2002(3)：3-4.
[7]袁军亭,周应祺.深水网箱的分类及性能.上海水产大学学报,2006,15(3)：350-358.
[8]Linfoot, B.T., Hall M.S.. Analysis of the motions of scale-model sea-cage systems. In:IFAC Symposium:Aquaculture'86. Norway, Trondheim,1986.
[9]Linfoot, B.T., Cairns, J., Poxton, M.G.. Hydrodynamic and biological factors in the design of sea-cages for fish culture. In:Engineering for Offshore Fish Farming. Thomas Telford,1990:197-209.
[10]Reville, K.M., Hall E.I., Ronning B.. The design and modeling of a flatfish sea cage. Design project. Dept. of Civil and Offshore Engineering, Heroit-Watt University, Edinburgh Scotland,1995.
[11]Aarnses, J., Rudi, H., Loland, G.. Current forces on cage, net deflection. In:Engineering for Offshore Fish Farming. Thomas Telford,1990:137-152.
[12]Loverich, G.F., Croker, T.R.. Ocean Spar net pen systems:32 months of offshore operations. Fish Farming Technology Conference, Tronheim, Norway, August,1993.
[13]Loverich, G.F., Gace, L.. Design and operation of an offshore sea farming system. In:Open Ocean Aquaculture, New Hampshire/Maine Sea Grant college Program Rpt,1996:495-512.
[14]Loverich, G.F.. A summary of the case against the use of gravity cages in the sea farming industry [EB/OL]. http://www.oceanspar.com/camriyer.html,1997.
[15]Best, N.A., Goudey, C.A., Ericsson J.D.. Model tests of the Sea Trek Barrel cage. In:Open Ocean Aquaculture, New Hampshire/Maine Sea Grant college Program Rpt,1996:399-419.
[16]Goudey, C.A.. Design and analysis of a self-propelled open-ocean fish farm. In:Joining Forces with Industry, Proceedings from the third international conference on open ocean aquaculture, Texas Sea Grant College Program,1998:7-30.
[17]Fredriksson, D.W., Muller, E., Swift, M.R., et al. Offshore grid mooring net pen system:design and physical model testing. In:Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering'99. Proceeding of the 18th International Conference, Newfoundland Canada, AMSE,1999.
[18]Fredriksson, D.W., Muller, E., Swift, M.R., et al. Physical model tests of a Gravity-type fish cage with a single point, high tension mooring. In:Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering'99. Proceeding of the 18th International Conference, Newfoundland Canada, AMSE,1999.
[19]Fredriksson, Swift, M.R., D.W., Muller, E., et al. Open ocean aquaculture engineering:system design and physical modeling. Mar. Tech. Soc. J. Washington D.C.,2000,34(1):41-52.
[20]Fredriksson, D.W.. Open ocean fish cage and mooring system dynamics. UNH:PhD dissertation, 2001.
[21]Fredriksson, D.W., Irish, J.D., Swift, M.R., et al. The heave response of a central spar fish cage. Transactions of the ASME,2003(125):242-248.
[22]Fredriksson, D.W., Swift, M.R., Irish, J.D., et al. Fish cage and mooring system dynamics using physical and numerical models with field measurements. Aquacultural Engineering,2003(27): 117-146.
[23]Fredriksson, D.W., DeCewa, J., Swift, M.R., et al. The design and analysis of a four-cage grid mooring for open ocean aquaculture. Aquacultural Engineering,2004(32):77-94.
[24]郑国富,黄桂芳,藏天元.柔性结构养殖网箱的抗风浪性能试验报告.海洋湖沼通报,2001(1)：26-30.
[25]陈昌平.重力式深水潜网受力特性研究：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2002.
[26]孙满昌,张健,钱卫国.飞碟型网箱水动力模型试验与理论计算比较.上海水产大学学报,2003,12(4)：321-323.
[27]Yucheng Li, Fukun Gui, Fang Song. Comparison on the mooring line force and cage movement characteristics of Gravity and Sea station cages. Proceedings of The Fifteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Seoul, Korea,2005:187-193.
[28]李玉成,宋芳,张怀慧,董国海.拟碟形网箱水动力特性的研究.中国海洋平台,2004,19(1)：1-8.
[29]李玉成,宋芳,董国海,张怀慧.碟形网箱水动力特性的研究.海洋工程,2004,22(4)：19-25.
[30]DeCew, J., Fredriksson, DW., Bugrov, L., et al. A case study of a modified gravity type cage and mooring system using numerical and physical models. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2005,30(1):47-58.
[31]Lee,H.H.,Wang,P.W.. Dynamic behavior of tension-leg platform with net-cage system subjected to wave forces.Ocean Engineering,2000,28(2):179-200.
[32]Lee,H.H.,Wang, W, W.. The dragged surge motion of tension-leg type fish cage system subjected to multi-interaction among wave and structures. IEEE Journal of Ocean Engineering,2005,30(1):59-78.
[33]Fredriksson, DW., DeCew, JC., Tsukrov, I.,et al. Development of large fish farm numerical modeling techniques with in situ mooring tension comparisons. Aquacultural Engineering,2007,36(2): 137-148.
[34]章守宇,刘洪生.飞碟型网箱的水动力学数值计算法.水产学报,2002,26(6)：519-527.
[35]夏泰淳,张健.深水双锥型网箱的阻力估算.上海水产大学学报,2003,12(1)：87-91.
[36]杨新华,高晓芳,陈雷.圆柱形沉浮式深海养殖网箱的受力分析.中国海洋大学,2004,34(6)：1081-1084.
[37]赵云鹏.深水重力式网箱水动力特性数值模拟研究.(博士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2007.
[38]Suhey,J.D.,Kim,N.H.,Niezrecki,C.. Numercal modeling and design of inflatable structures application to open-ocean-aquaculture cages.Aquacultural Engineering,2005(33):285-303.
[39]Fredriksson, DW., DeCew, JC., Tsukrov, I. Development of structural modeling techniques for
evaluating HDPE plastic net pens used in marine aquaculture.Ocean Engineering,2007,34(16): 2124-2137.
[40]林德芳,关长涛,黄文强等.抗风浪网箱材料性能研究.海洋水产研究,2004,25(5)：57-60.
[41]王纪德.抗风浪深水网箱用连接件的开发.广东塑料,2005(4)：105-108.
[42]滕斌,郝春玲,郑艳娜.波流作用下深水网箱动力响应数值模拟的初析.第一届海洋生物高技术论坛论文集(上册),舟山,2003：387-392.
[43]Li, Y.C., Gui, F.K., Teng, B.. Hydrodynamic behavior of a straight floating pipe under wave conditions. Ocean Engineering,2007(34):552-559.
[44]郑艳娜,董国海,桂福坤等.圆形重力式网箱浮架结构在波浪作用下的运动响应.工程力学,2006,23(A01)：222-228.
[45]桂福坤.深水重力式网箱水动力学特性研究：(博士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[46]郝双户,董国海,宗智等.圆环在波浪作用下的非线性流固偶合分析.工程力学,2007,24(7)：53-58.
[47]Kawakami,T.. The theory of designing and testing fishing nets in model.Modern Fishing Gear of the Word,1964(2):471-482.
[48]Bessonneau, J.S., Marichal, D.. Study of the dynamics of submerged supple nets (applications to trawls). Ocean Engineering,1998,25 (1):563-583.
[49]Wan R, Hu F X,Tokai T A.Static analysis of the tension and configuration of submerged plane nets.Fisheries Science,2002,68(4):815-823.
[50]Takagi,T.,K.Suzuki,T.Hiraishi.Develpoment of the numerical simulation method of dynmaic fishing net shape.Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,2002,68(3):320-326.
[51]Fredheim, A., Faltinsen, O.M.. A numerical model for the fluid structure interaction of three-dimensional net structure. In:Proceeding of the 5th International Workshop "DEMaT 01", University of Rostock, Germany,2001.
[52]Fredheim, A., Faltinsen, O.M.. Current forces on net structure. In:Proceeding of the 5th International Conference on hydrodynamics, Taiwan,2002.
[53]Fredheim, A., Faltinsen, O.M.. Hydroelastic analysis of a fishing net in steady inflow conditions.3rd International Conference on Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology. University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, 2003.
[54]Tsukrov, I., Eroshkin, O., Fredriksson, D.,et al. Finite element modeling of net panels using a consistent net element. Ocean Engineering,2003(30):251-270.
[55]Marichal, D.. Cod-end numerical study. In:Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology, Oxford, UK,2003: 11-18.
[56]Lader, P.F., Fredheim, A., Lien, E.. Dynamic behavior of 3D nets exposed to waves and current. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, OMAE,2001.
[57]Lader, P.F., Fredheim, A., Lien, E.. Modeling of 3D net structures exposed to waves and current. Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology,2003:19-26.
[58]Lader P F,Enerhaug B.Experimental investigation of force and geometry of a net cage in uniform flow.IEEE Journal of Ocean Engineering,2005,30(1):79-84.
[59]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jin-Yuan Liu. Dynamical analysis of net cage structures for marine aquaculture:Numerical smulation and model testing, Aquacultural Engineering, 2006(35):258-270.
[60]唐宏结.网箱容积变形改善：(硕士学位论文).中国台湾：国立中山大学,2002.
[61]张耀明.可沉式网箱养殖工程之研究：(硕士学位论文).中国台湾：国立中山大学,2001.
[62]黄洪亮,王鲁民,王明彦等.网衣缩结对圆柱形网箱性能影响的初步研究.海洋渔业,2004,26(3)：215-219.
[63]桂福坤,李玉成,张怀慧.网衣受力试验的模型相似条件.中国海洋平台,2002,17(5)：23-25.
[64]李玉成,桂福坤,张怀慧等.深水养殖网箱试验中的网衣相似准则应用.中国水产科学,2005,12(2)：179-187.
[65]李玉成,桂福坤.平面有结节和无结节网目试验及水阻力系数的选择.中国海洋平台,2005,20(6)：11-17.
[66]詹杰民,胡由展,赵陶等.渔网水动力试验研究及分析.海洋工程,2002,20(2)：49-59.
[67]詹杰民,孙明光,胡由展等.深海抗风浪网箱的试验研究I—平面网和圆形网的试验研究.深水抗风浪网箱技术研究,北京：海洋出版社.2005：100-107.
[68]Zhan, J.M., Li, Y.S., Jia, X.P., et al. Analytical and experimental investigation of drag on nets offish cages. Aquacultural Engineering,2006,35(1):91-101.
[69]郭根喜,陶启友.深水网箱圆柱形囊网与圆台形囊网的性能浅析.南方水产,2005,1(4)：24-29.
[70]万荣,宋协法,唐衍力.养殖网箱耐流特性的计算机数值模拟.第一届海洋生物高技术论坛论文集,舟山：2001：361-365.
[71]崔江浩.重力式养殖网箱耐流特性的数值模拟及仿真：(硕士学位论文).青岛：中国海洋大学,2005.
[72]Li, Y.C, Zhao,Y.P.. Numerical Simulation of the Hydrodynamic Behaviour of Submerged Plane Nets in Current. Ocean Engineering,2006,33(17-18):2352-2368,
[73]Li, Y.C, Zhao,Y.P., Gui, F.K, et al. Numerical simulation of the influences of sinker weight on the deformation and load of net of gravity sea cage in uniform flow. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2006, 25(3):125～137
[74]Zhao, Y.P., Li, Y.C., Dong,G.H.,et al. Numerical simulation of the effects of structure ratio and mesh style on the 3D net deformation of gravity cage in current. Aquacultural Engineering,2007, 36(3):285-301.
[75]Zhao,Y.P., Li,Y.C., Dong,G.H.,et al. Numerical Simulation of the Hydrodynamic Behaviour of Gravity Cage in Waves. China Ocean Engineering.2007,21(2):225-239.
[76]Colbourne D.B., Allen J.H.. Observations on motions and loads in aquaculture cages from full scale and model scale measurements. Aquacultural Engineering,2001(24):129-148.
[77]庄炳澯.箱网养殖锚碇系统动态分析：(硕士学位论文).台湾：中山大学,1997.
[78]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jin-Yuan Liu. Effects of waves and currents on gravity-type cages in the open sea, Aquacultural Engineering,2008(38):105-116.
[79]郭根喜,陶启友.深水网箱水下网格式锚泊系统的安装工艺.渔业现代化,2004(1)：32-43.
[80]宋协法,万荣,黄文强.深海抗风浪网箱锚泊系统的设计.青岛海洋大学学报,2003,11(6)：881-885.
[81]孙满昌,汤威.方形结构网箱单箱体型锚泊系统的优化研究.海洋渔业,2005,27(4)：328-332.
[82]汤威,孙满昌,袁军亭等.不同张纲连接系统对碟形网箱浮环安全性能影响的分析.上海水产大学学报,2005,14(1)：61-65.
[83]李玉成,陈昌平,董华洋等.重力式网箱锚碇型式优化的研究.中国造船,2005,46(增刊)：98-104.
[84]李玉成,董国海,关长涛等.深水重力式网箱水动力特性研究报告.大连理工大学,2005.
[85]Chun-woo LEE,Young-bong KIM,Gun-ho LEE,et al.Dynamic simulation of a fish cage system subjected to currents and waves. Ocean Engineering,2008(35):1521-1532.
[86]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jen-Ya Pan. Numerical modeling of a single-point mooring cage with a frontal rigid frame. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2009,34(2):113-122.
[87]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jin-Yuan Liu. Modeling volume deformation of a gravity cage that have distributed weights in the marine agricultural system, Aquaculture Engineering, 2007(37):144-157.
[88]李玉成,毛雨婵,桂福坤.不同配重方式和配重大小对重力式网箱受力的影响.中国海洋平台,2006,21(1)：6-15.
[89]毛雨婵.配重对深水重力式网箱水动力特性的影响：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[90]Zhao,Y.P., Li, Y.C. Gui,F.K, et al. Numerical simulation of the effects of weight system on the hydrodynamic behaviour of 3D net of gravity cage in current. Journal of Hydrodynamics,2007,19(4):442-452.
[91]王鲁民,黄洪亮,王明彦.圆形重力式网箱阻力性能研究.中国海洋大学学报,2004,34(4)：555-559.
[92]南京水利科学研究院,大连理工大学,天津港湾工程研究所.波浪模型试验规程(JTJ／T 234-2001).人民交通出版社,2002.
[93]黄锡昌.实用拖网渔具渔法.北京：农业出版社,1984.
[94]国家水产总局.渔具模型试验.北京：农业出版社,1980.
[95]佘显炜.计算渔具力学导论.上海：上海科学技术文献出版社,2001.
[96]Gerhard Klust编著,钟若英译.纤维绳索.上海水产大学,1988.
[97]龙驭球,包世华.结构力学.北京：高等教育出版社,1996.
[98]李玉成,滕斌.波浪对海上建筑物的作用.北京：海洋出版社,2002.
[99]中村充.水产土木学.东京：工业时事通信社,1991.
[100]李惠礼,柳学周.海况条件对海水养殖网箱性能的影响.海洋水产研究,1999,20(1)：57-63.
[101]黄六一,梁振林,宋伟华等.方形箱网结构减流效果试验.中国水产科学,2007,14(5)：860-863.
[102]李万平.计算流体力学.武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2004.
[103]Brebbia,C.A.,Walker,S.. Dynamic Analysis of Offshore Stuctures. Newnes-Butterworths,1979:109-143.
[104]王铎,赵经文.理论力学.哈尔滨：高等教育出版社,1998.
[105]Bhatt, R.B., Dukkipati, R.V.. Advamced dynamics. Alpha Science International Ltd, Uk, 2001:213-219.
[106]Wittenburg, J.. Dynamics of systems of rigid bodied. B.G. Teubner Stuttgart.,1977.
[107]Wilson, B.W.. Elastic characteristics of moorings. ASCE Journal of the Waterways and Harbors. Division,1967,93(WW4):27-56.
[108]Webster,R.L. An application of the finite element method to the determination of nonlinear static and dynamic responses of underwater cable structures. General Electric Technical Information Series Report R76EMH2, Syracuse, Norway.,1976.
[109]Robert D.Blevins. Applied fluid dynamic handbook. New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold Company,1984.
[110]Choo Y I, Casarella M. J. Hydrodynamic resistance of towed cables. Journal of Hydronautics, 1971,5(4):126-131.
[111]Sarpkaya T, Bakmis C, Storm M. A. Hydrodynamic forces from combines wave and current flow on smooth and rough circular cylinder at high Reynolds number. Proc 16th OTC. In:Proc 16th OTC, Houston,1984:455-462.
[112]王涛,李家春.波流相互作用研究进展.力学进展,1999,29(3)：331-343.
[113]陈昌平,李玉成.组合式网箱锚绳受力特性研究.中国海洋平台,2007,22(3)：12-17.
[2]张朝晖,丛娇日.深海网箱的选择与管理.渔业现代化,2002(5)：32-34.
[3]吴子岳,范狄庆.关于瑞典牧海型(Farmocean)深水网箱的结构与特点的概述.现代渔业信息,2003,18(10)：16-17.
[4]徐君卓.深水网箱养鱼业的现状与发展趋势.海洋渔业,2004,26(3)：226-330.
[5]http://news.tech110.net/html/n_385463.html.
[6]徐君卓.我国深水网箱的发展动向及重点.科学养鱼,2002(3)：3-4.
[7]袁军亭,周应祺.深水网箱的分类及性能.上海水产大学学报,2006,15(3)：350-358.
[8]Linfoot, B.T., Hall M.S.. Analysis of the motions of scale-model sea-cage systems. In:IFAC Symposium:Aquaculture'86. Norway, Trondheim,1986.
[9]Linfoot, B.T., Cairns, J., Poxton, M.G.. Hydrodynamic and biological factors in the design of sea-cages for fish culture. In:Engineering for Offshore Fish Farming. Thomas Telford,1990:197-209.
[10]Reville, K.M., Hall E.I., Ronning B.. The design and modeling of a flatfish sea cage. Design project. Dept. of Civil and Offshore Engineering, Heroit-Watt University, Edinburgh Scotland,1995.
[11]Aarnses, J., Rudi, H., Loland, G.. Current forces on cage, net deflection. In:Engineering for Offshore Fish Farming. Thomas Telford,1990:137-152.
[12]Loverich, G.F., Croker, T.R.. Ocean Spar net pen systems:32 months of offshore operations. Fish Farming Technology Conference, Tronheim, Norway, August,1993.
[13]Loverich, G.F., Gace, L.. Design and operation of an offshore sea farming system. In:Open Ocean Aquaculture, New Hampshire/Maine Sea Grant college Program Rpt,1996:495-512.
[14]Loverich, G.F.. A summary of the case against the use of gravity cages in the sea farming industry [EB/OL]. http://www.oceanspar.com/camriyer.html,1997.
[15]Best, N.A., Goudey, C.A., Ericsson J.D.. Model tests of the Sea Trek Barrel cage. In:Open Ocean Aquaculture, New Hampshire/Maine Sea Grant college Program Rpt,1996:399-419.
[16]Goudey, C.A.. Design and analysis of a self-propelled open-ocean fish farm. In:Joining Forces with Industry, Proceedings from the third international conference on open ocean aquaculture, Texas Sea Grant College Program,1998:7-30.
[17]Fredriksson, D.W., Muller, E., Swift, M.R., et al. Offshore grid mooring net pen system:design and physical model testing. In:Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering'99. Proceeding of the 18th International Conference, Newfoundland Canada, AMSE,1999.
[18]Fredriksson, D.W., Muller, E., Swift, M.R., et al. Physical model tests of a Gravity-type fish cage with a single point, high tension mooring. In:Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering'99. Proceeding of the 18th International Conference, Newfoundland Canada, AMSE,1999.
[19]Fredriksson, Swift, M.R., D.W., Muller, E., et al. Open ocean aquaculture engineering:system design and physical modeling. Mar. Tech. Soc. J. Washington D.C.,2000,34(1):41-52.
[20]Fredriksson, D.W.. Open ocean fish cage and mooring system dynamics. UNH:PhD dissertation, 2001.
[21]Fredriksson, D.W., Irish, J.D., Swift, M.R., et al. The heave response of a central spar fish cage. Transactions of the ASME,2003(125):242-248.
[22]Fredriksson, D.W., Swift, M.R., Irish, J.D., et al. Fish cage and mooring system dynamics using physical and numerical models with field measurements. Aquacultural Engineering,2003(27): 117-146.
[23]Fredriksson, D.W., DeCewa, J., Swift, M.R., et al. The design and analysis of a four-cage grid mooring for open ocean aquaculture. Aquacultural Engineering,2004(32):77-94.
[24]郑国富,黄桂芳,藏天元.柔性结构养殖网箱的抗风浪性能试验报告.海洋湖沼通报,2001(1)：26-30.
[25]陈昌平.重力式深水潜网受力特性研究：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2002.
[26]孙满昌,张健,钱卫国.飞碟型网箱水动力模型试验与理论计算比较.上海水产大学学报,2003,12(4)：321-323.
[27]Yucheng Li, Fukun Gui, Fang Song. Comparison on the mooring line force and cage movement characteristics of Gravity and Sea station cages. Proceedings of The Fifteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Seoul, Korea,2005:187-193.
[28]李玉成,宋芳,张怀慧,董国海.拟碟形网箱水动力特性的研究.中国海洋平台,2004,19(1)：1-8.
[29]李玉成,宋芳,董国海,张怀慧.碟形网箱水动力特性的研究.海洋工程,2004,22(4)：19-25.
[30]DeCew, J., Fredriksson, DW., Bugrov, L., et al. A case study of a modified gravity type cage and mooring system using numerical and physical models. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2005,30(1):47-58.
[31]Lee,H.H.,Wang,P.W.. Dynamic behavior of tension-leg platform with net-cage system subjected to wave forces.Ocean Engineering,2000,28(2):179-200.
[32]Lee,H.H.,Wang, W, W.. The dragged surge motion of tension-leg type fish cage system subjected to multi-interaction among wave and structures. IEEE Journal of Ocean Engineering,2005,30(1):59-78.
[33]Fredriksson, DW., DeCew, JC., Tsukrov, I.,et al. Development of large fish farm numerical modeling techniques with in situ mooring tension comparisons. Aquacultural Engineering,2007,36(2): 137-148.
[34]章守宇,刘洪生.飞碟型网箱的水动力学数值计算法.水产学报,2002,26(6)：519-527.
[35]夏泰淳,张健.深水双锥型网箱的阻力估算.上海水产大学学报,2003,12(1)：87-91.
[36]杨新华,高晓芳,陈雷.圆柱形沉浮式深海养殖网箱的受力分析.中国海洋大学,2004,34(6)：1081-1084.
[37]赵云鹏.深水重力式网箱水动力特性数值模拟研究.(博士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2007.
[38]Suhey,J.D.,Kim,N.H.,Niezrecki,C.. Numercal modeling and design of inflatable structures application to open-ocean-aquaculture cages.Aquacultural Engineering,2005(33):285-303.
[39]Fredriksson, DW., DeCew, JC., Tsukrov, I. Development of structural modeling techniques for
evaluating HDPE plastic net pens used in marine aquaculture.Ocean Engineering,2007,34(16): 2124-2137.
[40]林德芳,关长涛,黄文强等.抗风浪网箱材料性能研究.海洋水产研究,2004,25(5)：57-60.
[41]王纪德.抗风浪深水网箱用连接件的开发.广东塑料,2005(4)：105-108.
[42]滕斌,郝春玲,郑艳娜.波流作用下深水网箱动力响应数值模拟的初析.第一届海洋生物高技术论坛论文集(上册),舟山,2003：387-392.
[43]Li, Y.C., Gui, F.K., Teng, B.. Hydrodynamic behavior of a straight floating pipe under wave conditions. Ocean Engineering,2007(34):552-559.
[44]郑艳娜,董国海,桂福坤等.圆形重力式网箱浮架结构在波浪作用下的运动响应.工程力学,2006,23(A01)：222-228.
[45]桂福坤.深水重力式网箱水动力学特性研究：(博士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[46]郝双户,董国海,宗智等.圆环在波浪作用下的非线性流固偶合分析.工程力学,2007,24(7)：53-58.
[47]Kawakami,T.. The theory of designing and testing fishing nets in model.Modern Fishing Gear of the Word,1964(2):471-482.
[48]Bessonneau, J.S., Marichal, D.. Study of the dynamics of submerged supple nets (applications to trawls). Ocean Engineering,1998,25 (1):563-583.
[49]Wan R, Hu F X,Tokai T A.Static analysis of the tension and configuration of submerged plane nets.Fisheries Science,2002,68(4):815-823.
[50]Takagi,T.,K.Suzuki,T.Hiraishi.Develpoment of the numerical simulation method of dynmaic fishing net shape.Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,2002,68(3):320-326.
[51]Fredheim, A., Faltinsen, O.M.. A numerical model for the fluid structure interaction of three-dimensional net structure. In:Proceeding of the 5th International Workshop "DEMaT 01", University of Rostock, Germany,2001.
[52]Fredheim, A., Faltinsen, O.M.. Current forces on net structure. In:Proceeding of the 5th International Conference on hydrodynamics, Taiwan,2002.
[53]Fredheim, A., Faltinsen, O.M.. Hydroelastic analysis of a fishing net in steady inflow conditions.3rd International Conference on Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology. University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, 2003.
[54]Tsukrov, I., Eroshkin, O., Fredriksson, D.,et al. Finite element modeling of net panels using a consistent net element. Ocean Engineering,2003(30):251-270.
[55]Marichal, D.. Cod-end numerical study. In:Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology, Oxford, UK,2003: 11-18.
[56]Lader, P.F., Fredheim, A., Lien, E.. Dynamic behavior of 3D nets exposed to waves and current. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, OMAE,2001.
[57]Lader, P.F., Fredheim, A., Lien, E.. Modeling of 3D net structures exposed to waves and current. Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology,2003:19-26.
[58]Lader P F,Enerhaug B.Experimental investigation of force and geometry of a net cage in uniform flow.IEEE Journal of Ocean Engineering,2005,30(1):79-84.
[59]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jin-Yuan Liu. Dynamical analysis of net cage structures for marine aquaculture:Numerical smulation and model testing, Aquacultural Engineering, 2006(35):258-270.
[60]唐宏结.网箱容积变形改善：(硕士学位论文).中国台湾：国立中山大学,2002.
[61]张耀明.可沉式网箱养殖工程之研究：(硕士学位论文).中国台湾：国立中山大学,2001.
[62]黄洪亮,王鲁民,王明彦等.网衣缩结对圆柱形网箱性能影响的初步研究.海洋渔业,2004,26(3)：215-219.
[63]桂福坤,李玉成,张怀慧.网衣受力试验的模型相似条件.中国海洋平台,2002,17(5)：23-25.
[64]李玉成,桂福坤,张怀慧等.深水养殖网箱试验中的网衣相似准则应用.中国水产科学,2005,12(2)：179-187.
[65]李玉成,桂福坤.平面有结节和无结节网目试验及水阻力系数的选择.中国海洋平台,2005,20(6)：11-17.
[66]詹杰民,胡由展,赵陶等.渔网水动力试验研究及分析.海洋工程,2002,20(2)：49-59.
[67]詹杰民,孙明光,胡由展等.深海抗风浪网箱的试验研究I—平面网和圆形网的试验研究.深水抗风浪网箱技术研究,北京：海洋出版社.2005：100-107.
[68]Zhan, J.M., Li, Y.S., Jia, X.P., et al. Analytical and experimental investigation of drag on nets offish cages. Aquacultural Engineering,2006,35(1):91-101.
[69]郭根喜,陶启友.深水网箱圆柱形囊网与圆台形囊网的性能浅析.南方水产,2005,1(4)：24-29.
[70]万荣,宋协法,唐衍力.养殖网箱耐流特性的计算机数值模拟.第一届海洋生物高技术论坛论文集,舟山：2001：361-365.
[71]崔江浩.重力式养殖网箱耐流特性的数值模拟及仿真：(硕士学位论文).青岛：中国海洋大学,2005.
[72]Li, Y.C, Zhao,Y.P.. Numerical Simulation of the Hydrodynamic Behaviour of Submerged Plane Nets in Current. Ocean Engineering,2006,33(17-18):2352-2368,
[73]Li, Y.C, Zhao,Y.P., Gui, F.K, et al. Numerical simulation of the influences of sinker weight on the deformation and load of net of gravity sea cage in uniform flow. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2006, 25(3):125～137
[74]Zhao, Y.P., Li, Y.C., Dong,G.H.,et al. Numerical simulation of the effects of structure ratio and mesh style on the 3D net deformation of gravity cage in current. Aquacultural Engineering,2007, 36(3):285-301.
[75]Zhao,Y.P., Li,Y.C., Dong,G.H.,et al. Numerical Simulation of the Hydrodynamic Behaviour of Gravity Cage in Waves. China Ocean Engineering.2007,21(2):225-239.
[76]Colbourne D.B., Allen J.H.. Observations on motions and loads in aquaculture cages from full scale and model scale measurements. Aquacultural Engineering,2001(24):129-148.
[77]庄炳澯.箱网养殖锚碇系统动态分析：(硕士学位论文).台湾：中山大学,1997.
[78]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jin-Yuan Liu. Effects of waves and currents on gravity-type cages in the open sea, Aquacultural Engineering,2008(38):105-116.
[79]郭根喜,陶启友.深水网箱水下网格式锚泊系统的安装工艺.渔业现代化,2004(1)：32-43.
[80]宋协法,万荣,黄文强.深海抗风浪网箱锚泊系统的设计.青岛海洋大学学报,2003,11(6)：881-885.
[81]孙满昌,汤威.方形结构网箱单箱体型锚泊系统的优化研究.海洋渔业,2005,27(4)：328-332.
[82]汤威,孙满昌,袁军亭等.不同张纲连接系统对碟形网箱浮环安全性能影响的分析.上海水产大学学报,2005,14(1)：61-65.
[83]李玉成,陈昌平,董华洋等.重力式网箱锚碇型式优化的研究.中国造船,2005,46(增刊)：98-104.
[84]李玉成,董国海,关长涛等.深水重力式网箱水动力特性研究报告.大连理工大学,2005.
[85]Chun-woo LEE,Young-bong KIM,Gun-ho LEE,et al.Dynamic simulation of a fish cage system subjected to currents and waves. Ocean Engineering,2008(35):1521-1532.
[86]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jen-Ya Pan. Numerical modeling of a single-point mooring cage with a frontal rigid frame. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2009,34(2):113-122.
[87]Chai-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jie Tang, Jin-Yuan Liu. Modeling volume deformation of a gravity cage that have distributed weights in the marine agricultural system, Aquaculture Engineering, 2007(37):144-157.
[88]李玉成,毛雨婵,桂福坤.不同配重方式和配重大小对重力式网箱受力的影响.中国海洋平台,2006,21(1)：6-15.
[89]毛雨婵.配重对深水重力式网箱水动力特性的影响：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[90]Zhao,Y.P., Li, Y.C. Gui,F.K, et al. Numerical simulation of the effects of weight system on the hydrodynamic behaviour of 3D net of gravity cage in current. Journal of Hydrodynamics,2007,19(4):442-452.
[91]王鲁民,黄洪亮,王明彦.圆形重力式网箱阻力性能研究.中国海洋大学学报,2004,34(4)：555-559.
[92]南京水利科学研究院,大连理工大学,天津港湾工程研究所.波浪模型试验规程(JTJ／T 234-2001).人民交通出版社,2002.
[93]黄锡昌.实用拖网渔具渔法.北京：农业出版社,1984.
[94]国家水产总局.渔具模型试验.北京：农业出版社,1980.
[95]佘显炜.计算渔具力学导论.上海：上海科学技术文献出版社,2001.
[96]Gerhard Klust编著,钟若英译.纤维绳索.上海水产大学,1988.
[97]龙驭球,包世华.结构力学.北京：高等教育出版社,1996.
[98]李玉成,滕斌.波浪对海上建筑物的作用.北京：海洋出版社,2002.
[99]中村充.水产土木学.东京：工业时事通信社,1991.
[100]李惠礼,柳学周.海况条件对海水养殖网箱性能的影响.海洋水产研究,1999,20(1)：57-63.
[101]黄六一,梁振林,宋伟华等.方形箱网结构减流效果试验.中国水产科学,2007,14(5)：860-863.
[102]李万平.计算流体力学.武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2004.
[103]Brebbia,C.A.,Walker,S.. Dynamic Analysis of Offshore Stuctures. Newnes-Butterworths,1979:109-143.
[104]王铎,赵经文.理论力学.哈尔滨：高等教育出版社,1998.
[105]Bhatt, R.B., Dukkipati, R.V.. Advamced dynamics. Alpha Science International Ltd, Uk, 2001:213-219.
[106]Wittenburg, J.. Dynamics of systems of rigid bodied. B.G. Teubner Stuttgart.,1977.
[107]Wilson, B.W.. Elastic characteristics of moorings. ASCE Journal of the Waterways and Harbors. Division,1967,93(WW4):27-56.
[108]Webster,R.L. An application of the finite element method to the determination of nonlinear static and dynamic responses of underwater cable structures. General Electric Technical Information Series Report R76EMH2, Syracuse, Norway.,1976.
[109]Robert D.Blevins. Applied fluid dynamic handbook. New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold Company,1984.
[110]Choo Y I, Casarella M. J. Hydrodynamic resistance of towed cables. Journal of Hydronautics, 1971,5(4):126-131.
[111]Sarpkaya T, Bakmis C, Storm M. A. Hydrodynamic forces from combines wave and current flow on smooth and rough circular cylinder at high Reynolds number. Proc 16th OTC. In:Proc 16th OTC, Houston,1984:455-462.
[112]王涛,李家春.波流相互作用研究进展.力学进展,1999,29(3)：331-343.
[113]陈昌平,李玉成.组合式网箱锚绳受力特性研究.中国海洋平台,2007,22(3)：12-17.