模拟/数字信号处理技术在近炸引信中的应用
摘要
我国装备的传统弹药无线电引信,信号处理电路通过对目标多普勒信号的幅度信息的处理控制器起爆时机,在应用中存在引信炸点散布大、引战配合效率低、抗干扰性能不高的问题。在现代信息化战争条件下,解决存在的这些问题提高无线电引信抗干扰和引战配合效能的要求越来越迫切。
本文根据多普勒效应原理,提出了在无线电引信信号处理中充分利用多普勒频率信息中包含了弹目位置、速度、姿态等各种信息,对其进行处理再结合幅度信息处理来控制引信起爆时机的观点,目的是使引信在最佳起爆区起爆,同时大大提高抗干扰能力。
研究中主要进行了以下几项工作：进行了频率特征量的选择,分析多普勒信号,选取频率信息中包含的适合微处理器计算控制的弹目信息,主要是频率特征和频率变化率特征；在确定了处理电路所分析处理的相关信息的基础上,提出可行的总体方案,绘出处理电路工作原理图,并进行简要说明；进行硬件电路设计,包括相应滤波与预处理电路、幅度信息采集处理电路、频率信息采集处理电路、电源电路、执行电路的设计,并分析这些电路工作流程；给出微处理器频率信息处理电路流程图及器件选择和软件流程设计；进行仿真测试及结果分析。
研究成果经仿真测试结果表明,设计解决了传统无线电引信处理电路中存在的问题,成果已经应用于海军某新型近炸引信的研制中并取得了良好的效果。
In traditional radio fuse used for projectile in China, to control burst time, the amplitude of Doppler signal of target were been applied for signal process circuit. The shortcomings of using this signal are large disturbance of burst point, low efficiency of fuse-projectile cooperation and low anti-jamming ability. In the modernize war condition, to improve the efficiency of radio fuse, it is emergent to solve above problems.
In this thesis, according to the principle of Doppler effect, a new method which take advantage of many Doppler frequency information such as projectile-target distance, speed, stance for signal processing in radio fuse was been put forward to. All above information as well as amplitude was synthesized to control the burst time, aiming at control the fuse burst at the best burst area and greatly improve anti-jamming ability.
Studies been fulfilled in this thesis include the selection of Doppler frequency characteristic signal, mainly apply frequency and frequency change rate, fuse overall design based on analysis of related signal and analog-digital processing circuit, design of amplitude signal acquisition circuit, frequency signal acquisition circuit, signal filter and pre-process circuit, power supply circuit and execution circuit, design of software, simulation test and results analysis.
According to simulation test of the achievements of the research, shortcomings of traditional radio fuses were been solved. It has been applied in the research of a new proximity fuse for navy and has very good performance.
本文根据多普勒效应原理,提出了在无线电引信信号处理中充分利用多普勒频率信息中包含了弹目位置、速度、姿态等各种信息,对其进行处理再结合幅度信息处理来控制引信起爆时机的观点,目的是使引信在最佳起爆区起爆,同时大大提高抗干扰能力。
研究中主要进行了以下几项工作：进行了频率特征量的选择,分析多普勒信号,选取频率信息中包含的适合微处理器计算控制的弹目信息,主要是频率特征和频率变化率特征；在确定了处理电路所分析处理的相关信息的基础上,提出可行的总体方案,绘出处理电路工作原理图,并进行简要说明；进行硬件电路设计,包括相应滤波与预处理电路、幅度信息采集处理电路、频率信息采集处理电路、电源电路、执行电路的设计,并分析这些电路工作流程；给出微处理器频率信息处理电路流程图及器件选择和软件流程设计；进行仿真测试及结果分析。
研究成果经仿真测试结果表明,设计解决了传统无线电引信处理电路中存在的问题,成果已经应用于海军某新型近炸引信的研制中并取得了良好的效果。
In traditional radio fuse used for projectile in China, to control burst time, the amplitude of Doppler signal of target were been applied for signal process circuit. The shortcomings of using this signal are large disturbance of burst point, low efficiency of fuse-projectile cooperation and low anti-jamming ability. In the modernize war condition, to improve the efficiency of radio fuse, it is emergent to solve above problems.
In this thesis, according to the principle of Doppler effect, a new method which take advantage of many Doppler frequency information such as projectile-target distance, speed, stance for signal processing in radio fuse was been put forward to. All above information as well as amplitude was synthesized to control the burst time, aiming at control the fuse burst at the best burst area and greatly improve anti-jamming ability.
Studies been fulfilled in this thesis include the selection of Doppler frequency characteristic signal, mainly apply frequency and frequency change rate, fuse overall design based on analysis of related signal and analog-digital processing circuit, design of amplitude signal acquisition circuit, frequency signal acquisition circuit, signal filter and pre-process circuit, power supply circuit and execution circuit, design of software, simulation test and results analysis.
According to simulation test of the achievements of the research, shortcomings of traditional radio fuses were been solved. It has been applied in the research of a new proximity fuse for navy and has very good performance.
引文
[1]马宝华.战争、技术与引信—关于引信及引信技术的发展.探测与控制学报,2001(1)
[2]段磊,李晓.一种单片式引信多普勒信号频域数字化处理电路.航空兵器.2008,1
[3]单剑锋,翁贻方,刘载文,崔占忠.基于小波分解的无线电引信目标识别计算机仿真.2007,24(04)
[4]朱晓勤.小波变换在无线电引信海杂波信号处理中的应用.探测与控制学报.2003,25(03)
[5]时景峰,游宁,李鹏.无线电近炸引信信号处理电路噪声特性分析及低噪声设计研究.2005,27(01)
[6]郭东敏,曲秀杰,曹少文,汪仪林.适用于目标方位识别系统的FIR数字滤波器设计.探测与控制学报,2001.01
[7]周勇,郝新红,白钰鹏.一种利用频率信息进行信号识别的方法.北京理工大学学报,2004.02
[8]田福乾.连续波多普勒引信炸点的自适应控制.自动化技术计算机科学,2003,01
[9]路明,王明,王东.多普勒无线电引信最佳炸点的确定.海军航空工程学院报,2001.01
[10]郝新红,白钰鹏,周勇.触发优先引信的最佳炸点自适应控制方案.弹箭与制导学报,2。006,01
[11]张志鸿.多普勒引信的信号处理仿真.制导与引信.2002,23(04)
[12]姚爱平.引信信号处理时间对起爆多卜勒频率的影响.中国航空学会1998年雷达与制导专业学术会论文集.1998,12
[13]刘景萍,赵慧昌.海浪杂波对伪码引信的干扰研究.兵工学报.2007,28(05)
[14]纪红,崔占忠.相关技术在多普勒体制近炸引信中的应用研究.探测与控制学报.2006,28(06)
[15]张飞鹏,陈朝晖,郭东敏.小波变换优化无线电引信多普勒信号频率的估计.探测与控制学报.2006,28(02)
[16]潘曦,崔占忠.无线电引信近场目标特性研究.兵工学报.2008,29(3)
[17]王世一.数字信号处理.北京工业学院出版社,1986
[18]郑君里.信号与系统.高等教育出版社,1986
[19]张清泰.无线电引信总体设计原理.国防工业出版社,1985
[20]臧立君,李兴国.无线电引信电路设计原理.兵器工业部教材编审室.1985,12
[21]吕显哉.近炸引信的发展思路.现代引信.1997,4
[22]冯大权.功能奇特的现代引信[J].现代军事.2000,(9)：46-47.
[23]栾恩杰总主编,胡星光分卷主编.国防科技名词大典兵器. 北京：航空工业出版社,兵器工业出版社,原子能出版社.2002.1.
[23]Farace, Louis Pasqual, Kaslow, John Floyd, Bai; Monty Wooson. Electronic turns-counting fuze and method therefore. U. S. Patent 5,705,766, January 6,1998.
[24]郑传军,翟性泉.引信遥控装定时炮口电磁感应静态数据传输模型探讨.兵工自动化.1998(4)：14-16.
[25]《引信设计手册》编写组.引信设计手册.北京：国防工业出版社,1978.
[26]黄涛.弹丸转速的传感器测量方法.弹箭与制导学报,2002,22(4)69-74.
[27]浦发,芮莜亭.外弹道学.北京：国防工业出版社,1989.
[28]程翔,黄文良,陆静.自动榴弹发射器引信及其计转数方法.探测与控制学报.2001.6第23卷第2期,1-4.
[29]Pierre H. Freymond, Allan Buckley. Programmable Fuzing for Tube Launched Ammunition. NDIA 35th Annual Gun & Ammunition Symposium Williamsburg, VA May 1～4,2000.
[30]马宝华,“现代引信设计哲学”,现代引信,1993(4)
[31]法F1A近炸引信测绘分析报告,212所内部资料
[32]李红兵,“防空导弹自适应引信的初步研究”,现代引信,1993(2)
[33]吕显哉,“国外近炸引信技术发展现状及对我国常规兵器近炸引信技术发展的建议”,第九届引信学术年会论文集,第一册,1995.10,PP148-157
[34]"Missile Proximity Fuze from Thom son-CSF" IDR,1984.1
[35]"Evolution of the Adaptive Proximity Fuse" National Defense, April,1982
[36]J.菲利浦盖德斯,洪大源译“美国陆军师属防空系统”
[2]段磊,李晓.一种单片式引信多普勒信号频域数字化处理电路.航空兵器.2008,1
[3]单剑锋,翁贻方,刘载文,崔占忠.基于小波分解的无线电引信目标识别计算机仿真.2007,24(04)
[4]朱晓勤.小波变换在无线电引信海杂波信号处理中的应用.探测与控制学报.2003,25(03)
[5]时景峰,游宁,李鹏.无线电近炸引信信号处理电路噪声特性分析及低噪声设计研究.2005,27(01)
[6]郭东敏,曲秀杰,曹少文,汪仪林.适用于目标方位识别系统的FIR数字滤波器设计.探测与控制学报,2001.01
[7]周勇,郝新红,白钰鹏.一种利用频率信息进行信号识别的方法.北京理工大学学报,2004.02
[8]田福乾.连续波多普勒引信炸点的自适应控制.自动化技术计算机科学,2003,01
[9]路明,王明,王东.多普勒无线电引信最佳炸点的确定.海军航空工程学院报,2001.01
[10]郝新红,白钰鹏,周勇.触发优先引信的最佳炸点自适应控制方案.弹箭与制导学报,2。006,01
[11]张志鸿.多普勒引信的信号处理仿真.制导与引信.2002,23(04)
[12]姚爱平.引信信号处理时间对起爆多卜勒频率的影响.中国航空学会1998年雷达与制导专业学术会论文集.1998,12
[13]刘景萍,赵慧昌.海浪杂波对伪码引信的干扰研究.兵工学报.2007,28(05)
[14]纪红,崔占忠.相关技术在多普勒体制近炸引信中的应用研究.探测与控制学报.2006,28(06)
[15]张飞鹏,陈朝晖,郭东敏.小波变换优化无线电引信多普勒信号频率的估计.探测与控制学报.2006,28(02)
[16]潘曦,崔占忠.无线电引信近场目标特性研究.兵工学报.2008,29(3)
[17]王世一.数字信号处理.北京工业学院出版社,1986
[18]郑君里.信号与系统.高等教育出版社,1986
[19]张清泰.无线电引信总体设计原理.国防工业出版社,1985
[20]臧立君,李兴国.无线电引信电路设计原理.兵器工业部教材编审室.1985,12
[21]吕显哉.近炸引信的发展思路.现代引信.1997,4
[22]冯大权.功能奇特的现代引信[J].现代军事.2000,(9)：46-47.
[23]栾恩杰总主编,胡星光分卷主编.国防科技名词大典兵器. 北京：航空工业出版社,兵器工业出版社,原子能出版社.2002.1.
[23]Farace, Louis Pasqual, Kaslow, John Floyd, Bai; Monty Wooson. Electronic turns-counting fuze and method therefore. U. S. Patent 5,705,766, January 6,1998.
[24]郑传军,翟性泉.引信遥控装定时炮口电磁感应静态数据传输模型探讨.兵工自动化.1998(4)：14-16.
[25]《引信设计手册》编写组.引信设计手册.北京：国防工业出版社,1978.
[26]黄涛.弹丸转速的传感器测量方法.弹箭与制导学报,2002,22(4)69-74.
[27]浦发,芮莜亭.外弹道学.北京：国防工业出版社,1989.
[28]程翔,黄文良,陆静.自动榴弹发射器引信及其计转数方法.探测与控制学报.2001.6第23卷第2期,1-4.
[29]Pierre H. Freymond, Allan Buckley. Programmable Fuzing for Tube Launched Ammunition. NDIA 35th Annual Gun & Ammunition Symposium Williamsburg, VA May 1～4,2000.
[30]马宝华,“现代引信设计哲学”,现代引信,1993(4)
[31]法F1A近炸引信测绘分析报告,212所内部资料
[32]李红兵,“防空导弹自适应引信的初步研究”,现代引信,1993(2)
[33]吕显哉,“国外近炸引信技术发展现状及对我国常规兵器近炸引信技术发展的建议”,第九届引信学术年会论文集,第一册,1995.10,PP148-157
[34]"Missile Proximity Fuze from Thom son-CSF" IDR,1984.1
[35]"Evolution of the Adaptive Proximity Fuse" National Defense, April,1982
[36]J.菲利浦盖德斯,洪大源译“美国陆军师属防空系统”