CA砂浆用复合乳化沥青的制备及性能研究
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摘要
水泥乳化沥青(CA)砂浆是由水泥、乳化沥青、水等材料形成的一种新型有机无机复合灌浆材料。CA砂浆是高速铁路板式无碴轨道结构的弹性调整层的关键组成部分,是板式轨道技术的核心技术之一。乳化沥青是CA砂浆的关键组成材料,直接影响到CA砂浆的使用性能。
正交设计实验结果表明,1831和乳化剂Y是影响乳化沥青不同性能指标的主要因素,而乳化剂X对乳化沥青的性能指标影响较小。配方为3:1:1的乳化沥青与水泥之间的相容性最好,而配方为2:2:1的乳化沥青的稳定性最好。本实验中乳化沥青的蒸发残留物含量均符合标准要求,说明试验中所选的三种乳化剂乳化效果较好。乳化剂的总含量越高并不代表乳化沥青的稳定性就越好,而1831的含量对乳化沥青的稳定性有重要影响,1831的含量越高稳定性越好。实验中5天的稳定性值一般都符合要求,1天的稳定性实验值不是很理想。
本试验中乳化沥青与水泥的相容性较好,不同配方的乳化沥青与水泥拌合时都符合标准要求,说明这三种乳化剂复配的乳化沥青与水泥相容性好,可以用来作为高速铁路无喳轨道用CA砂浆的原料。与稳定性实验不同,随着1831含量的增大,乳化沥青与水泥拌合时的相容性降低。因此,选择这三种乳化剂配制CA砂浆用乳化沥青的时候,需要很好的选择控制乳化剂1831的使用量。
温度越高,乳化沥青的流变曲线的线性关系越明显,倾向于宾汉塑形流体。乳化沥青的表观粘度对剪切速率和温度的变化都很敏感,随着剪切速率或温度的升高而降低。乳化剂的含量与比例对乳化沥青的粘温性能影响很大。
不同配方乳化沥青的粒度分布均呈现出正态分布的规律,说明乳化沥青的微粒大小比较均匀,粒径分布也比较集中。但总的来说,乳化沥青的平均粒径比较大,说明用剪切机配制的乳化沥青颗粒粒径较大。
Cement Asphalt (CA) emulsion mortar is a new kind of inorganic and organic composite material for grouting which is composed of cement, asphalt emulsion, water, and other things. CA mortar is the key component of elastic adjustment layer used in the plate-type track without sub ballast for high-speed railway, and one core technology of plate-type track. Asphalt emulsion is the key material of CA mortar, and affects its character of service.
The results of orthogonal test indicate that emulsifier 1831 and Y are the major factors which affect performance indexes of asphalt emulsion, and emulsifier X is the secondary cause which effects less relatively. The consistence is best between asphalt emulsion and cement with proportion 3:1:1, and the storage stability of asphalt emulsion with proportion 2:2:1 shows best. The contents of residues of asphalt emulsion accord with standard request, and this shows emulsifying effectiveness of the three emulsifying agents is good. Higher total content of emulsifiers does not mean better stability, but higher content of 1831 presumes better storage stability of emulsified asphalt, for the content of 1831 has a great influence on the storage stability of asphalt emulsion. The information of storage stability for five days accords with standard, but for one day.
The consistence between cement and different asphalt emulsion conforms to standard. This shows the asphalt emulsion prepared with the three emulsifiers has a good consistence with cement, and can be used to prepare CA mortar used in the plate-type track without sub ballast for high-speed railway. Be contrary to the storage stability, the compatibility with cement is reduced when the content of emulsifier 1831 is raised. So, the content of 1831 should be controlled well when the three emulsifying agents are selected to prepare asphalt emulsion for CA mortar.
Linear relationship of fluid curve of asphalt emulsion is better, and asphalt emulsion tends to be Bingham plastic fluid, when experiment temperature is comparatively higher. Apparent viscosity of emulsified asphalt is sensitive to both the change of rate of shear and experiment temperature and it drops when rate of shear gets larger or temperature rises. The content and proportion of emulsifiers affects viscosity- temperature curve highly.
Distribution of particle size of asphalt emulsion is Gaussian distribution, and this shows particle size is comparatively equality, and particle size distribution is relatively concentrated. But in general, average particle size is large, which illustrates particle size of asphalt emulsion is large prepared by homogenizer.
正交设计实验结果表明,1831和乳化剂Y是影响乳化沥青不同性能指标的主要因素,而乳化剂X对乳化沥青的性能指标影响较小。配方为3:1:1的乳化沥青与水泥之间的相容性最好,而配方为2:2:1的乳化沥青的稳定性最好。本实验中乳化沥青的蒸发残留物含量均符合标准要求,说明试验中所选的三种乳化剂乳化效果较好。乳化剂的总含量越高并不代表乳化沥青的稳定性就越好,而1831的含量对乳化沥青的稳定性有重要影响,1831的含量越高稳定性越好。实验中5天的稳定性值一般都符合要求,1天的稳定性实验值不是很理想。
本试验中乳化沥青与水泥的相容性较好,不同配方的乳化沥青与水泥拌合时都符合标准要求,说明这三种乳化剂复配的乳化沥青与水泥相容性好,可以用来作为高速铁路无喳轨道用CA砂浆的原料。与稳定性实验不同,随着1831含量的增大,乳化沥青与水泥拌合时的相容性降低。因此,选择这三种乳化剂配制CA砂浆用乳化沥青的时候,需要很好的选择控制乳化剂1831的使用量。
温度越高,乳化沥青的流变曲线的线性关系越明显,倾向于宾汉塑形流体。乳化沥青的表观粘度对剪切速率和温度的变化都很敏感,随着剪切速率或温度的升高而降低。乳化剂的含量与比例对乳化沥青的粘温性能影响很大。
不同配方乳化沥青的粒度分布均呈现出正态分布的规律,说明乳化沥青的微粒大小比较均匀,粒径分布也比较集中。但总的来说,乳化沥青的平均粒径比较大,说明用剪切机配制的乳化沥青颗粒粒径较大。
Cement Asphalt (CA) emulsion mortar is a new kind of inorganic and organic composite material for grouting which is composed of cement, asphalt emulsion, water, and other things. CA mortar is the key component of elastic adjustment layer used in the plate-type track without sub ballast for high-speed railway, and one core technology of plate-type track. Asphalt emulsion is the key material of CA mortar, and affects its character of service.
The results of orthogonal test indicate that emulsifier 1831 and Y are the major factors which affect performance indexes of asphalt emulsion, and emulsifier X is the secondary cause which effects less relatively. The consistence is best between asphalt emulsion and cement with proportion 3:1:1, and the storage stability of asphalt emulsion with proportion 2:2:1 shows best. The contents of residues of asphalt emulsion accord with standard request, and this shows emulsifying effectiveness of the three emulsifying agents is good. Higher total content of emulsifiers does not mean better stability, but higher content of 1831 presumes better storage stability of emulsified asphalt, for the content of 1831 has a great influence on the storage stability of asphalt emulsion. The information of storage stability for five days accords with standard, but for one day.
The consistence between cement and different asphalt emulsion conforms to standard. This shows the asphalt emulsion prepared with the three emulsifiers has a good consistence with cement, and can be used to prepare CA mortar used in the plate-type track without sub ballast for high-speed railway. Be contrary to the storage stability, the compatibility with cement is reduced when the content of emulsifier 1831 is raised. So, the content of 1831 should be controlled well when the three emulsifying agents are selected to prepare asphalt emulsion for CA mortar.
Linear relationship of fluid curve of asphalt emulsion is better, and asphalt emulsion tends to be Bingham plastic fluid, when experiment temperature is comparatively higher. Apparent viscosity of emulsified asphalt is sensitive to both the change of rate of shear and experiment temperature and it drops when rate of shear gets larger or temperature rises. The content and proportion of emulsifiers affects viscosity- temperature curve highly.
Distribution of particle size of asphalt emulsion is Gaussian distribution, and this shows particle size is comparatively equality, and particle size distribution is relatively concentrated. But in general, average particle size is large, which illustrates particle size of asphalt emulsion is large prepared by homogenizer.
引文
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