广东省海洋产业结构优化研究
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摘要
21世纪被称为“海洋世纪”。由于世界人口急剧增长、陆地资源短缺、陆地开发空间日益缩小,于是人类开始更多地走向海洋、开发和利用海洋,各个沿海国家纷纷把发展海洋经济上升为国家发展战略。
在21世纪,为了确保我国国民经济持续、快速、健康协调的发展,我国政府把战略眼光转向了海洋。在2003年,国务院颁布我国第一个指导全国海洋经济发展的纲领性文件——《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》,提出要把我国建成海洋经济强国的战略目标。在《规划纲要》的指引下,沿海各省市积极制定和实施海洋开发战略,大力发展海洋经济。广东省早在2007年通过的《广东省海洋经济发展“十一五”规划》中就明确提出建设海洋经济强省,优化海洋产业结构的发展目标,为海洋经济的迅猛发展指明了目标和方向。在2009年,广东省海洋生产总值达到6800亿元,占到全国海洋经济总量的1/5,连续15年居全国之首,成为名副其实的海洋经济第一大省。但是广东省海洋经济的发展面临着海洋产业结构仍亟待进一步完善和优化、海洋产业科技实力偏低、海洋资源环境不断恶化等诸多问题。与此同时,外部面临着国内其他沿海省市竞争的压力。作为海洋经济第一大省,考虑如何在激烈的竞争中解决自身的发展困境并保持自身的海洋经济优势,完成从海洋经济大省向海洋经济强省的转变,成为当务之急。
基于这样的背景之下,本研究试图从广度和深度、理论和实际相结合的基础上,坚持定性与定量分析相结合的原则,探讨和研究广东省如何通过优化调整海洋产业结构,实现由海洋经济大省向海洋经济强省的战略性转变。本研究共分为五大部分:第一部分,对海洋经济和海洋产业的相关概念进行界定,并对相关的产业理论和国内外理论界在海洋产业方面所做的研究进行梳理,奠定全文的理论基础;第二部分,对广东省海洋产业(发展现状、存在的问题)进行一般分析;第三部分,进行实证分析,对广东省海洋产业结构的发展水平、变化程度及方向进行客观的分析和评价;第四部分,在明确了广东省海洋产业结构优化调整的必要性、可行性(SWOT)、指导思想、原则及发展目标的基础上,提出广东省进行海洋产业结构优化的阶段和步骤;第五,提出了促进广东省海洋产业结构优化调整的实施对策,以期为广东省海洋产业的优化升级提供理论依据。
21st century called the " Marine Century ". Due to the rapid growth of world population ,shortage of land resources and development space, so People began to toward the sea, development and utilization of marine, and every coastal country development strategy of development of marine economic growth for the country.
In the new century,in order to ensure china's sustained,rapid,healthy and coordinated development,The Chinese Government turn the strategic vision to the ocean,in 2003,The State Council publiced China's first programmatic document guiding the national marine economic development -,proposal to build our country into strategic goal of marine economic power.Under the guidance of this program,coastal provinces and cities formulateand implement the strategy of ocean development vigorously.As early as 2007,Guangdong Province promulgated the 11th five-year marine economic development programme,clearly proposed to construction of a strong marine economically province,and optimization of marine industrial structure development goals,rapid pointed out the objectives and direction of development of the marine economy.In 2009, Guangdong's marine output value reached 680 billion yuan,accounting for 1/5 of the country's total marine economy,over the past 15 years has been keep first consecutivly in china, and become worthy of the first Marine Economy provinces. However, marine economic develop-ment in Guangdong also faces the sea still need to be further improved and optimization of the industrial structure, marine industry in low strength in science and technology, marine resources and environment has been deteriorating and so on.Meanwhile, external facing the pressure of competition in other coastal provinces and cities. as the first marine economy provinces, consider how to resolve their own problem and keep their advantagesin, and from big marine economic province to the strong marine economically province in the intense competition is become an urgent task.
Under this background,this paper tries from breadth and depth, on the basis of combining theory with practice,and also based on the principle of integration of qualitative and quantitative analysis,to discussion and study on how to optimize the adjustment of marine industrial structure, enforce Guangdong province complete the strategic changes. This study is divided into five parts: first, definition the concepts of marine economy and marine industry,at the same time analytical study the related industry theory ,to laid a solid theory foundation for the article;second,general analysis marine industries of Guangdong Province, including conditions for the development, current situation, existing problems; third, empirical analysis, objectively analysis the development level,and the change degree and direction of marine industrial structure in Guangdong Province;fourth, in the defined the necessity、practicability(swot)、guiding ideology、principles and development targets of the Guangdong's marine industry structure optimization adjustment, Proposed phase and steps of optimization of Guangdong Provincial marine industrial structure;fifth,propose corresponding countermeasures,wish to provide a theoretical basis for optimization and upgrading of the marine industries for Guangdong Province.
在21世纪,为了确保我国国民经济持续、快速、健康协调的发展,我国政府把战略眼光转向了海洋。在2003年,国务院颁布我国第一个指导全国海洋经济发展的纲领性文件——《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》,提出要把我国建成海洋经济强国的战略目标。在《规划纲要》的指引下,沿海各省市积极制定和实施海洋开发战略,大力发展海洋经济。广东省早在2007年通过的《广东省海洋经济发展“十一五”规划》中就明确提出建设海洋经济强省,优化海洋产业结构的发展目标,为海洋经济的迅猛发展指明了目标和方向。在2009年,广东省海洋生产总值达到6800亿元,占到全国海洋经济总量的1/5,连续15年居全国之首,成为名副其实的海洋经济第一大省。但是广东省海洋经济的发展面临着海洋产业结构仍亟待进一步完善和优化、海洋产业科技实力偏低、海洋资源环境不断恶化等诸多问题。与此同时,外部面临着国内其他沿海省市竞争的压力。作为海洋经济第一大省,考虑如何在激烈的竞争中解决自身的发展困境并保持自身的海洋经济优势,完成从海洋经济大省向海洋经济强省的转变,成为当务之急。
基于这样的背景之下,本研究试图从广度和深度、理论和实际相结合的基础上,坚持定性与定量分析相结合的原则,探讨和研究广东省如何通过优化调整海洋产业结构,实现由海洋经济大省向海洋经济强省的战略性转变。本研究共分为五大部分:第一部分,对海洋经济和海洋产业的相关概念进行界定,并对相关的产业理论和国内外理论界在海洋产业方面所做的研究进行梳理,奠定全文的理论基础;第二部分,对广东省海洋产业(发展现状、存在的问题)进行一般分析;第三部分,进行实证分析,对广东省海洋产业结构的发展水平、变化程度及方向进行客观的分析和评价;第四部分,在明确了广东省海洋产业结构优化调整的必要性、可行性(SWOT)、指导思想、原则及发展目标的基础上,提出广东省进行海洋产业结构优化的阶段和步骤;第五,提出了促进广东省海洋产业结构优化调整的实施对策,以期为广东省海洋产业的优化升级提供理论依据。
21st century called the " Marine Century ". Due to the rapid growth of world population ,shortage of land resources and development space, so People began to toward the sea, development and utilization of marine, and every coastal country development strategy of development of marine economic growth for the country.
In the new century,in order to ensure china's sustained,rapid,healthy and coordinated development,The Chinese Government turn the strategic vision to the ocean,in 2003,The State Council publiced China's first programmatic document guiding the national marine economic development -
Under this background,this paper tries from breadth and depth, on the basis of combining theory with practice,and also based on the principle of integration of qualitative and quantitative analysis,to discussion and study on how to optimize the adjustment of marine industrial structure, enforce Guangdong province complete the strategic changes. This study is divided into five parts: first, definition the concepts of marine economy and marine industry,at the same time analytical study the related industry theory ,to laid a solid theory foundation for the article;second,general analysis marine industries of Guangdong Province, including conditions for the development, current situation, existing problems; third, empirical analysis, objectively analysis the development level,and the change degree and direction of marine industrial structure in Guangdong Province;fourth, in the defined the necessity、practicability(swot)、guiding ideology、principles and development targets of the Guangdong's marine industry structure optimization adjustment, Proposed phase and steps of optimization of Guangdong Provincial marine industrial structure;fifth,propose corresponding countermeasures,wish to provide a theoretical basis for optimization and upgrading of the marine industries for Guangdong Province.
引文
[1]郑贵斌.海洋经济集成战略[M].北京:人民出版社,2008.2.
[2]MareadonJ.Containerisation in the ports of Northern and Western Europe[J].Geo journal,1999.
[3]Hideko Terada.Ananalysis of the overeapaeity problem under the decentralized management system of container ports in Japan[J].Maritime Poliey and anagement,2002.
[4]叶向东.海洋产业经济发展研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2009,26(4):88.
[5]吴健鹏.广东省海洋产业发展的结构分析与策略探讨[D].广州:暨南大学,2008.
[6]国家海洋局.2009年中国海洋经济统计公报[J].海洋开发与管理,2009,(4):16.
[7]罗天昊.海洋战争-浙江VS广东VS山东[J].大经贸,2010,(11):40.
[8]谭晓岚.论以人为本开发海洋实现人与海洋和谐共生发展[J].海洋开发与管理,2005,(5):25.
[9]徐质斌.中国海洋经济发展战略研究[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2007.162.
[10]龚仰军.产业结构研究[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2002.83.
[11]产业结构理论.http://baike.baidu.com/view/1380443.htm#4.
[12]Audretsch and Feldman.spillovers,the geography of innovation and production.American Economic Review,1986,(3):45-66.
[13]Hill Edwards.A methodology for identifying the drives of industrial clusters.Economic Development Quarterly.1998,14(1):23-27.
[14]罗斯托.从起飞进入持续增长的经济学[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1998.
[15]Keller warner Absorptive Capacity:on the creation and acquisition of technology of development economics,1996,(49):199-226.
[16]李悦.产业经济学[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社.2004.
[17]殷艳.天津市海洋产业结构优化战略研究[D].辽宁:辽宁师范大学,2008.
[18]Australia bureau of Statistics.Statistical framework marine industries.1994
[19]J.Westwood. The import of marine industry markets to national economies.New York: Prentice—Hall, I nc.1997.
[20]USC,Wrigley Institute.National Ocean Economics Project.2000.4:6-9.
[21]Colgan,Charles S.Grading the Maine economy.1994,3(3):55-62.
[22]AldertonT,WinehesterN.Global is a tionanble一regulation in the maritime industry.Marine Poliey.2002.
[23]陈可文.树立大海洋观念发展大海洋产业—广东省海洋产业发展与海洋经济发展的相关分析[J].南方经济,2001(12):33-36.
[24]邹燕云.我国海洋产业发展现状及趋势预测研究[D].青岛:青岛大学,2010.
[25]孙瑞杰,赵昕.海洋经济的支柱产业链构建-以青岛市为例[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,(11):73-77.
[26]黄瑞芬,苗国伟.我国沿海省市海洋产业结构分析及优化[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,25(3):54-57.
[27]翟仁祥,许祝华.江苏省海洋产业结构分析及优化对策研究[J].淮海工学院学报,2010,(1):88-91.
[28]陈可文.中国海洋经济学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[29]姜旭朝,毕毓洵.中国海洋产业结构变迁浅论[J].山东社会科学,2009,(4):79-81.
[30]曹忠祥.区域海洋经济发展的结构性演进特征分析[J].人文地理,2005,(6):29-31.
[31]徐质斌,张莉.广东省海洋经济重大问题研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2006.123.
[32]容景春.城市化进程中的广东海洋产业化发展研究[J].南方经济,2003,(7):46.
[33]郭晋杰.广东省海洋经济构成分析及主要海洋产业发展战略构思[J].经济地理,2001,21(s1):210.
[34]广东省海洋与渔业局.http://www.cme.gov.cn/gss/guangdong/gd2008.htm.
[35]徐质斌,张莉.广东省海洋经济重大问题研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2006.179.
[36]黄永波.论发展环北部湾经济圈的优势[J].中共南宁市委党校学报,2008,(6):32-34.
[37]马志荣,徐以国,刘超.实施广东海洋科技创新战略问题分析与对策研究[J].科技管理研究,2009,(7):25.
[38]张莉.加快发展广东海洋经济探讨[J].农业经济问题,2007,(10):75.
[39]吴建鹏.广东省海洋产业发展的结构分析与策略探讨[D].广州:暨南大学,2008.
[40]李金华.中国产业:结构、增长及效益[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.2.
[41]张莉.广东建设海洋经济强省研究[J].太平洋学报,2009,(8):84.
[42]张莉,徐质斌.广东省海洋开发的战略选择[J].海洋开发与管理,2003,(5):48.
[43]广东人大网.http://www.gdrd.cn/pub/rdweb/dhl/rdhyzy2/syjsic/dhwj/sewgh.
[44]高艳.海洋综合管理的经济学基础研究[M]北京:海洋出版社,2008.45.
[45]陈吉祥.我国海洋综合管理发展思路探析[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009.
[2]MareadonJ.Containerisation in the ports of Northern and Western Europe[J].Geo journal,1999.
[3]Hideko Terada.Ananalysis of the overeapaeity problem under the decentralized management system of container ports in Japan[J].Maritime Poliey and anagement,2002.
[4]叶向东.海洋产业经济发展研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2009,26(4):88.
[5]吴健鹏.广东省海洋产业发展的结构分析与策略探讨[D].广州:暨南大学,2008.
[6]国家海洋局.2009年中国海洋经济统计公报[J].海洋开发与管理,2009,(4):16.
[7]罗天昊.海洋战争-浙江VS广东VS山东[J].大经贸,2010,(11):40.
[8]谭晓岚.论以人为本开发海洋实现人与海洋和谐共生发展[J].海洋开发与管理,2005,(5):25.
[9]徐质斌.中国海洋经济发展战略研究[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2007.162.
[10]龚仰军.产业结构研究[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2002.83.
[11]产业结构理论.http://baike.baidu.com/view/1380443.htm#4.
[12]Audretsch and Feldman.spillovers,the geography of innovation and production.American Economic Review,1986,(3):45-66.
[13]Hill Edwards.A methodology for identifying the drives of industrial clusters.Economic Development Quarterly.1998,14(1):23-27.
[14]罗斯托.从起飞进入持续增长的经济学[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1998.
[15]Keller warner Absorptive Capacity:on the creation and acquisition of technology of development economics,1996,(49):199-226.
[16]李悦.产业经济学[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社.2004.
[17]殷艳.天津市海洋产业结构优化战略研究[D].辽宁:辽宁师范大学,2008.
[18]Australia bureau of Statistics.Statistical framework marine industries.1994
[19]J.Westwood. The import of marine industry markets to national economies.New York: Prentice—Hall, I nc.1997.
[20]USC,Wrigley Institute.National Ocean Economics Project.2000.4:6-9.
[21]Colgan,Charles S.Grading the Maine economy.1994,3(3):55-62.
[22]AldertonT,WinehesterN.Global is a tionanble一regulation in the maritime industry.Marine Poliey.2002.
[23]陈可文.树立大海洋观念发展大海洋产业—广东省海洋产业发展与海洋经济发展的相关分析[J].南方经济,2001(12):33-36.
[24]邹燕云.我国海洋产业发展现状及趋势预测研究[D].青岛:青岛大学,2010.
[25]孙瑞杰,赵昕.海洋经济的支柱产业链构建-以青岛市为例[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,(11):73-77.
[26]黄瑞芬,苗国伟.我国沿海省市海洋产业结构分析及优化[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,25(3):54-57.
[27]翟仁祥,许祝华.江苏省海洋产业结构分析及优化对策研究[J].淮海工学院学报,2010,(1):88-91.
[28]陈可文.中国海洋经济学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[29]姜旭朝,毕毓洵.中国海洋产业结构变迁浅论[J].山东社会科学,2009,(4):79-81.
[30]曹忠祥.区域海洋经济发展的结构性演进特征分析[J].人文地理,2005,(6):29-31.
[31]徐质斌,张莉.广东省海洋经济重大问题研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2006.123.
[32]容景春.城市化进程中的广东海洋产业化发展研究[J].南方经济,2003,(7):46.
[33]郭晋杰.广东省海洋经济构成分析及主要海洋产业发展战略构思[J].经济地理,2001,21(s1):210.
[34]广东省海洋与渔业局.http://www.cme.gov.cn/gss/guangdong/gd2008.htm.
[35]徐质斌,张莉.广东省海洋经济重大问题研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2006.179.
[36]黄永波.论发展环北部湾经济圈的优势[J].中共南宁市委党校学报,2008,(6):32-34.
[37]马志荣,徐以国,刘超.实施广东海洋科技创新战略问题分析与对策研究[J].科技管理研究,2009,(7):25.
[38]张莉.加快发展广东海洋经济探讨[J].农业经济问题,2007,(10):75.
[39]吴建鹏.广东省海洋产业发展的结构分析与策略探讨[D].广州:暨南大学,2008.
[40]李金华.中国产业:结构、增长及效益[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.2.
[41]张莉.广东建设海洋经济强省研究[J].太平洋学报,2009,(8):84.
[42]张莉,徐质斌.广东省海洋开发的战略选择[J].海洋开发与管理,2003,(5):48.
[43]广东人大网.http://www.gdrd.cn/pub/rdweb/dhl/rdhyzy2/syjsic/dhwj/sewgh.
[44]高艳.海洋综合管理的经济学基础研究[M]北京:海洋出版社,2008.45.
[45]陈吉祥.我国海洋综合管理发展思路探析[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009.