滑动弧等离子体降解模拟有机废水的初步研究
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摘要
滑动弧放电是常温常压下的等离子体放电技术，因其处理效率高，操作简便，与环境兼容等优点而引起研究者的广泛关注。气体通过放电反应直接或者间接产生羟基自由基、臭氧、紫外线和高能冲击波，从而有效降解难生化降解的污染物。进入90年代以来国内外先后有利用滑动弧放电技术治理H_2S、SO_2、N_2O等废气的研究报道，但国内尚未有利用滑动弧放电治理废水的研究或报道。气液两相滑动弧等离子体技术有效解决了废水中难降解有机污染物的治理问题。该方法以氧气或空气作为载气来源，废水和压缩气体通过雾化喷嘴形成待处理的废水水雾，气液混合物推动起弧端形成的滑动电弧向下游移动产生气液两相滑动弧放电，产生的高能电子、紫外线、臭氧、高压激波、OH和O等活性粒子直接作用于被处理废水中的大分子有机污染物，使之开环达到降解的目的。
为寻求气液两相滑动弧等离子体降解有机污染物的最佳工作条件，本文以苯酚和甲基紫的水溶液为研究对象，以滑动弧技术为实验手段，通过改变各种实验参数来探索常温常压下低温等离子体放电技术对水相中有机污染物的降解机制。
实验表明，载气种类、电极参数、气液混合比和是否添加催化剂Fe~(2+)等因素，对滑动弧降解有机物的效果均有一定影响。在载气为空气，气流量为0.2m~3／h时，苯酚的降解效果最好，降解后COD值仅为降解前的8.68％。甲基紫溶液在经过滑动弧等离子体的降解后可自行分解达到自净目的，经过48小时的放置观察到降解产物中有沉淀生成，而其上层溶液的COD值则接近为零，肉眼可见降解后的溶液变得清澈透明。
Gliding arc is the subject of renewed interest, which discharged in normal temperature and pressure. The applications of plasma are constantly increasing in the field of environmental protection in recent years. The arc glides between divergent electrodes in a gas flow at atmospheric or higher pressures. Non-thermal plasma processing using gas-liquid two phase gliding arc discharge has been investigated as an alternative method for the degradation of organic compounds contained in aqueous solution. This technique is strongly attractive due to its particular working conditions (ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure). Its application is related to the chemical properties of the active radicals formed in the discharge. This paper discusses the composing mechanism of these radicals and also the function of them.
Gas-liquid two phase gliding arc discharge can degrade organic contaminants. In order to fix on the best working condition we did lots of experiments. Use gliding arc to degrade the mixed liquor, through changing all kinds of experimental parameters. This article takes the phenol and the gentian violet solution as example to show the principles of using non-thermal plasma to degrade organic pollutant at normal temperature and atmospheric pressure.
The experiment indicated that, carrier gas type, electrode parameter, gas-fluid mixture ratio and catalyst Fe~(2+) etc. may all effect on the degradation. And when using air as the carrier gas the velocity is 0.2m~3/ h, the degeneration effect of phenol is best. The COD value is only 8.68% left. However, the degeneration effect of gentian violet is even better, once the liquor go through the region of plasma it may decompose voluntarily. There is some deposition on the bottom of the container 48 hours after degradation, and the upper bed clear solution is lucidly, its COD value is almost zero.
为寻求气液两相滑动弧等离子体降解有机污染物的最佳工作条件，本文以苯酚和甲基紫的水溶液为研究对象，以滑动弧技术为实验手段，通过改变各种实验参数来探索常温常压下低温等离子体放电技术对水相中有机污染物的降解机制。
实验表明，载气种类、电极参数、气液混合比和是否添加催化剂Fe~(2+)等因素，对滑动弧降解有机物的效果均有一定影响。在载气为空气，气流量为0.2m~3／h时，苯酚的降解效果最好，降解后COD值仅为降解前的8.68％。甲基紫溶液在经过滑动弧等离子体的降解后可自行分解达到自净目的，经过48小时的放置观察到降解产物中有沉淀生成，而其上层溶液的COD值则接近为零，肉眼可见降解后的溶液变得清澈透明。
Gliding arc is the subject of renewed interest, which discharged in normal temperature and pressure. The applications of plasma are constantly increasing in the field of environmental protection in recent years. The arc glides between divergent electrodes in a gas flow at atmospheric or higher pressures. Non-thermal plasma processing using gas-liquid two phase gliding arc discharge has been investigated as an alternative method for the degradation of organic compounds contained in aqueous solution. This technique is strongly attractive due to its particular working conditions (ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure). Its application is related to the chemical properties of the active radicals formed in the discharge. This paper discusses the composing mechanism of these radicals and also the function of them.
Gas-liquid two phase gliding arc discharge can degrade organic contaminants. In order to fix on the best working condition we did lots of experiments. Use gliding arc to degrade the mixed liquor, through changing all kinds of experimental parameters. This article takes the phenol and the gentian violet solution as example to show the principles of using non-thermal plasma to degrade organic pollutant at normal temperature and atmospheric pressure.
The experiment indicated that, carrier gas type, electrode parameter, gas-fluid mixture ratio and catalyst Fe~(2+) etc. may all effect on the degradation. And when using air as the carrier gas the velocity is 0.2m~3/ h, the degeneration effect of phenol is best. The COD value is only 8.68% left. However, the degeneration effect of gentian violet is even better, once the liquor go through the region of plasma it may decompose voluntarily. There is some deposition on the bottom of the container 48 hours after degradation, and the upper bed clear solution is lucidly, its COD value is almost zero.
引文
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