典型电子设备热—结构变形分析研究
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摘要
热-结构变形误差是影响天线电性能的主要因素之一,因此有必要对其做深入的研究。本文针对椭圆形有源相控阵天线和平板裂缝阵天线进行了天线结构热变形的分析研究。首先建立了一个椭圆形有源相控阵天线的简化模型,分析了该天线在不同热载荷下的天线阵面热变形,并且分析了该天线在重力加速度条件下的天线阵面变形。通过提取天线在不同的热载荷及重力加速度条件下的天线阵面变形,分析计算了各种阵面变形对天线电性能的影响。根据实际工程和项目的需要,编写了一款针对椭圆形有源相控阵天线的阵面参数化建模和热分析软件V2.0版本,该软件可以进行椭圆形阵面、圆形阵面和矩形阵面的参数化建模,并且可提取出不同阵面辐射单元的坐标、热变形位移和温度等数据,为后续的电性能分析提供了数据。文中最后分析了平板裂缝阵天线的钎焊变形,建立了平板裂缝阵天线钎焊分析模型,使用生死单元技术分析了不同的钎料热膨胀系数对钎焊变形的影响,并分析天线在不同的初始预紧力下的变形。
本文针对两种典型的机电电子设备的热变形做了较为深入的研究,所完成的工作对提高天线的电性能指标具有一定的指导意义。
Thermal-structural deformation error of antenna is one of the major factors that influence electrical performance of antenna. Therefore, in-depth research on this is essential. This paper aims to make a through study of the thermal-structural deformation of the oval-shaped active phased array antenna (APAA) and the plate slot array antenna. First, by simulating a simplified model oval-shaped active phased array antenna (APAA), it analyzed thermal deformation of the array-surface of antenna in different thermal loads and examined the deformation of array-surface of antenna in the condition of the acceleration of gravity. Then, by extracting the array-surface deformation of antenna, it analyzed and calculated all kinds of array-surface deformation’s influence to electrical performance of active phased array antenna. Based on the actual needs of engineering and projects, a software version V2.0 was developed to prepare for the array-surface parameter modeling and thermal analysis of the oval-shaped active phased array antenna. The software can run three kinds of parameter modeling which include oval-shaped array-surface, circle array-surface and rectangle array-surface. It can also extract the coordinate, displacement of thermal deformation and temperature of the radiate cell in different array-plane which serves as the data for the subsequent analysis of electrical performance of the antenna. Finally, it analyzed the brazing deformation of the plate slot array antenna and established the brazing modeling of the plate slot array antenna. In addition to that, it analyzed the influence of the different brazing thermal expand coefficient to the brazing deformation by the method of element birth-death technique, as well as the deformation of the plate slot array antenna in different initial preloads.
Focusing on the thermal deformation of the two typical electrical equipments, this in-depth study paper can surely provide valuable guidance for improving the electrical performance of antenna.
本文针对两种典型的机电电子设备的热变形做了较为深入的研究,所完成的工作对提高天线的电性能指标具有一定的指导意义。
Thermal-structural deformation error of antenna is one of the major factors that influence electrical performance of antenna. Therefore, in-depth research on this is essential. This paper aims to make a through study of the thermal-structural deformation of the oval-shaped active phased array antenna (APAA) and the plate slot array antenna. First, by simulating a simplified model oval-shaped active phased array antenna (APAA), it analyzed thermal deformation of the array-surface of antenna in different thermal loads and examined the deformation of array-surface of antenna in the condition of the acceleration of gravity. Then, by extracting the array-surface deformation of antenna, it analyzed and calculated all kinds of array-surface deformation’s influence to electrical performance of active phased array antenna. Based on the actual needs of engineering and projects, a software version V2.0 was developed to prepare for the array-surface parameter modeling and thermal analysis of the oval-shaped active phased array antenna. The software can run three kinds of parameter modeling which include oval-shaped array-surface, circle array-surface and rectangle array-surface. It can also extract the coordinate, displacement of thermal deformation and temperature of the radiate cell in different array-plane which serves as the data for the subsequent analysis of electrical performance of the antenna. Finally, it analyzed the brazing deformation of the plate slot array antenna and established the brazing modeling of the plate slot array antenna. In addition to that, it analyzed the influence of the different brazing thermal expand coefficient to the brazing deformation by the method of element birth-death technique, as well as the deformation of the plate slot array antenna in different initial preloads.
Focusing on the thermal deformation of the two typical electrical equipments, this in-depth study paper can surely provide valuable guidance for improving the electrical performance of antenna.
引文
[1]于慈远,于湘珍,杨为民.电子设备热分析/热设计/热测试技术初步研究[J].微电子学.2000,10,30(5).334-337.
[2] Tuckman,D.B.Pease,R.F.High-Performance Heat Sinking for VLSI. IEEE Electronic Device Letters [J].1981.2.126-129.
[3] Tuckman,D.B.Pease,R.F.Ultrahigh Thermal Conductance Microstructures for Cooling Integrated Circuits.Proceedings of 32nd IEEE Electronics Components Conference[C].1982.145-149.
[4] Mahalingham , M . Thermal Management in-Semiconductor Device Packaging[J].Proceeding of the IEEE.1985.73.1396-1404.
[5]赵惇殳．电子设备热设计[M].北京,电子工业出版社.2009,10-137.
[6]朱可.热管冷板在电子设备散热中的应用[D].南京航空航天大学硕士论文.2007,02.
[7]宋东升.基于神经网络的相控阵天线热变形研究[D].西安电子科技大学.2010.
[8] Mike Scott.Sampson MFR Active Phased Array Antenna[C].IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System and Technology.2003 Page(s):119-123.
[9] Masayuki Nakagawa,Eihisa Morikawa,Yoshisada Koyama,etc.Development of Thermal Control for Phased Array Antenna[J] . 21st International Communications Satellite Systems Conference and Exhibit.2003.
[10]曹业玲.矩形通道空芯冷板热特性研究[D].南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文.2005,02.
[11]魏忠良.相控阵天线阵面的热设计[J].电子机械工程.2003,19(4).15-18.
[12]文朝,于春国,胡文智.固态相控阵天线热稳定系统实验研究[J].
[13]王建峰.固态有源相控阵雷达热控制技术[J].电子机械工程.2007,2(6).27-31.
[14]糜勇,孙费梅.机载有源相控阵天线冷却技术研究[C].2005年机械电子学会议论文集.
[15]糜勇.机载有源相控阵天线温度场控制及其实验方法[D].上海交通大学硕士学位论文.2006,10.
[16]罗震.某舰载相控阵雷达热设计技术研究[J].电子机械工程.2005,21(2).18-21.
[17]梅启元.热仿真分析技术在相控阵雷达天线散热设计中的应用[J].电子机械工程.2007,23(3).11-13.
[18]曹良强,吴钢,王怀.相控阵雷达T/R组件冷却仿真研究[J].制冷技术.2009,36(8).37-40.
[19]叶菁.相控阵雷达天线的热设计[J].电子机械工程.2001,02.89(1).42-46.
[20]马哲树.新型电子散热热管冷板的性能实验研究与数值模拟[D].南京航空航天大学博士论文.2004,11.
[21]陈国强.有源相控阵天线流-热-结构耦合研究[D].西安电子科技大学.2008.
[22]高慧莲.相控阵天线阵面热变形规律研究[D].西安电子科技大学.2009.
[23] F. Fernandes,S. Denis,A. Sitnon.Mathematical Model Coupling Phase Transformation and Temperature Evolution during Quenching of Steel[J]. Materials Science and Technology.2005,(1):839—856.
[24] R.I.Karlsson , B.L.Josefson . Three-dimensional finite element analysis of temperatures and stresses in asingle-pass butt-welded pipe[J] .Journal of pressure vesseltechnology.2004,112:76-84.
[25] E.F.Rybicki,D.W.Schmueser,R.W.Stonesifer, etc. A Finite Element Model for Residual Stresses and Deflections in Girth-butt Welded Pipes[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,Transaction of ASME.2003,100(8):256-262.
[26] K.Masubuchi.Prediction and Control of Residual Stresses and Distortion in Welded Structures Proceeding[J] . Theoretical Prediction in Joining and Welding.Osaka,Japan,2000:71-88.
[27] K.Suganuma,T.Okmoto,M.Koizumi.Influence of Shape and Size on Residual Stress in Ceramic/Metal Joining[J] .Journal of Materials Science.1987(22):3561-3565.
[28]熊柏青,楚建新.残余应力对Si3N4/金属钎焊接头性能的影响.中国有色金属学报,1998,8(2):210—213.
[29] S.B.Brown , H Song . Finite element simulation of welding of large structures[J].Journal of engineering for industry.1992,114:441451.
[30]黄哲赞,项明,梁智.真空电子束钎焊温度场模拟[J].宇航材料工艺.2004,6:53-57
[31]梁文生.ATR三防机箱盐浴浸渍钎焊工艺研究[J].金属加工, 2009(4):49-51.
[32]朱宏.盐浴铝钎焊钎剂成分改进[C].第八届全国雷达学术年会论文集.2001.873-874.
[33]赵任祥.高效散热微通道液冷冷板焊接技术及成型工艺研究.2008,24(4):33-36.
[34]曹勇,赵琨.铝合金波导组件钎焊夹具的设计[J].482-483.
[35]张光义.相控阵雷达系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1994.
[36] H.S.C.Wang . Performance of phased array antennas with mechanical errors[C].IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference.1990.317-318.
[37]陈杰,周荫清,星载SAR相控阵天线热变形误差分析[J].北京航空航天大学学报.2004.30(9):839-843.
[38]呈昌均等.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[39]甘舜仙.有限元技术与教程[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1998.
[40]王助成,邵敏.有限元法基本原理和数值方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997,3:483-530.
[41] Berry H Rabin,Richard L Williamson,Hugh A Bruck.Residual Strains in A 1203-Ni Joint Bonded with a Composite Interlayer Experiments and FEM Analysis[J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc.1998,81(6):1541-1549.
[42] Henshall G A etc. Finite Element Analysis of Interlayer Welds Loaded in Tension[J].Welding journal,1990.69(9):337-345.
[43]王从思,平丽浩,宋东升.基于阵元互耦的相控阵天线结构变形影响分析[C].2009年全国天线年会,2009.773-777.
[44]陈敏,刘婕.机载雷达平板裂缝天线的结构设计[J].现代雷达.2002,24(3):77-79.
[45]钎焊工艺及方法.百度搜索.
[46]博嘉科技.有限元分析软件—ANSYS融会与贯通[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.369-372.
[47]郭利军.微波器件的真空铝钎焊加工工艺研究[D].西安工业大学.2007.
[48]童伟.毫米波平板裂缝天线制造精度的分析[D].西安电子科技大学.2009.
[2] Tuckman,D.B.Pease,R.F.High-Performance Heat Sinking for VLSI. IEEE Electronic Device Letters [J].1981.2.126-129.
[3] Tuckman,D.B.Pease,R.F.Ultrahigh Thermal Conductance Microstructures for Cooling Integrated Circuits.Proceedings of 32nd IEEE Electronics Components Conference[C].1982.145-149.
[4] Mahalingham , M . Thermal Management in-Semiconductor Device Packaging[J].Proceeding of the IEEE.1985.73.1396-1404.
[5]赵惇殳．电子设备热设计[M].北京,电子工业出版社.2009,10-137.
[6]朱可.热管冷板在电子设备散热中的应用[D].南京航空航天大学硕士论文.2007,02.
[7]宋东升.基于神经网络的相控阵天线热变形研究[D].西安电子科技大学.2010.
[8] Mike Scott.Sampson MFR Active Phased Array Antenna[C].IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System and Technology.2003 Page(s):119-123.
[9] Masayuki Nakagawa,Eihisa Morikawa,Yoshisada Koyama,etc.Development of Thermal Control for Phased Array Antenna[J] . 21st International Communications Satellite Systems Conference and Exhibit.2003.
[10]曹业玲.矩形通道空芯冷板热特性研究[D].南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文.2005,02.
[11]魏忠良.相控阵天线阵面的热设计[J].电子机械工程.2003,19(4).15-18.
[12]文朝,于春国,胡文智.固态相控阵天线热稳定系统实验研究[J].
[13]王建峰.固态有源相控阵雷达热控制技术[J].电子机械工程.2007,2(6).27-31.
[14]糜勇,孙费梅.机载有源相控阵天线冷却技术研究[C].2005年机械电子学会议论文集.
[15]糜勇.机载有源相控阵天线温度场控制及其实验方法[D].上海交通大学硕士学位论文.2006,10.
[16]罗震.某舰载相控阵雷达热设计技术研究[J].电子机械工程.2005,21(2).18-21.
[17]梅启元.热仿真分析技术在相控阵雷达天线散热设计中的应用[J].电子机械工程.2007,23(3).11-13.
[18]曹良强,吴钢,王怀.相控阵雷达T/R组件冷却仿真研究[J].制冷技术.2009,36(8).37-40.
[19]叶菁.相控阵雷达天线的热设计[J].电子机械工程.2001,02.89(1).42-46.
[20]马哲树.新型电子散热热管冷板的性能实验研究与数值模拟[D].南京航空航天大学博士论文.2004,11.
[21]陈国强.有源相控阵天线流-热-结构耦合研究[D].西安电子科技大学.2008.
[22]高慧莲.相控阵天线阵面热变形规律研究[D].西安电子科技大学.2009.
[23] F. Fernandes,S. Denis,A. Sitnon.Mathematical Model Coupling Phase Transformation and Temperature Evolution during Quenching of Steel[J]. Materials Science and Technology.2005,(1):839—856.
[24] R.I.Karlsson , B.L.Josefson . Three-dimensional finite element analysis of temperatures and stresses in asingle-pass butt-welded pipe[J] .Journal of pressure vesseltechnology.2004,112:76-84.
[25] E.F.Rybicki,D.W.Schmueser,R.W.Stonesifer, etc. A Finite Element Model for Residual Stresses and Deflections in Girth-butt Welded Pipes[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,Transaction of ASME.2003,100(8):256-262.
[26] K.Masubuchi.Prediction and Control of Residual Stresses and Distortion in Welded Structures Proceeding[J] . Theoretical Prediction in Joining and Welding.Osaka,Japan,2000:71-88.
[27] K.Suganuma,T.Okmoto,M.Koizumi.Influence of Shape and Size on Residual Stress in Ceramic/Metal Joining[J] .Journal of Materials Science.1987(22):3561-3565.
[28]熊柏青,楚建新.残余应力对Si3N4/金属钎焊接头性能的影响.中国有色金属学报,1998,8(2):210—213.
[29] S.B.Brown , H Song . Finite element simulation of welding of large structures[J].Journal of engineering for industry.1992,114:441451.
[30]黄哲赞,项明,梁智.真空电子束钎焊温度场模拟[J].宇航材料工艺.2004,6:53-57
[31]梁文生.ATR三防机箱盐浴浸渍钎焊工艺研究[J].金属加工, 2009(4):49-51.
[32]朱宏.盐浴铝钎焊钎剂成分改进[C].第八届全国雷达学术年会论文集.2001.873-874.
[33]赵任祥.高效散热微通道液冷冷板焊接技术及成型工艺研究.2008,24(4):33-36.
[34]曹勇,赵琨.铝合金波导组件钎焊夹具的设计[J].482-483.
[35]张光义.相控阵雷达系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1994.
[36] H.S.C.Wang . Performance of phased array antennas with mechanical errors[C].IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference.1990.317-318.
[37]陈杰,周荫清,星载SAR相控阵天线热变形误差分析[J].北京航空航天大学学报.2004.30(9):839-843.
[38]呈昌均等.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[39]甘舜仙.有限元技术与教程[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1998.
[40]王助成,邵敏.有限元法基本原理和数值方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997,3:483-530.
[41] Berry H Rabin,Richard L Williamson,Hugh A Bruck.Residual Strains in A 1203-Ni Joint Bonded with a Composite Interlayer Experiments and FEM Analysis[J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc.1998,81(6):1541-1549.
[42] Henshall G A etc. Finite Element Analysis of Interlayer Welds Loaded in Tension[J].Welding journal,1990.69(9):337-345.
[43]王从思,平丽浩,宋东升.基于阵元互耦的相控阵天线结构变形影响分析[C].2009年全国天线年会,2009.773-777.
[44]陈敏,刘婕.机载雷达平板裂缝天线的结构设计[J].现代雷达.2002,24(3):77-79.
[45]钎焊工艺及方法.百度搜索.
[46]博嘉科技.有限元分析软件—ANSYS融会与贯通[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.369-372.
[47]郭利军.微波器件的真空铝钎焊加工工艺研究[D].西安工业大学.2007.
[48]童伟.毫米波平板裂缝天线制造精度的分析[D].西安电子科技大学.2009.