基于双转子电机的混合动力四驱汽车双模制动系统研究
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摘要
混合动力汽车制动系统一般由液压摩擦制动子系统和再生制动子系统两部分组成。液压摩擦子系统与传统汽车的液压制动系统相同,通过人力踩制动踏板启动制动,产生液压制动力的响应有延迟。随着电控技术的发展,制动系统的控制装置也出现了电子化的趋势,其中电控液压制动可以更加准确高效的实现制动。作为包括混合动力在内的电动汽车的再生制动子系统通过发电机,将制动过程中的部分动能以电能的形式存储到电池中,同时产生制动力对汽车进行制动。如何在保证制动安全性的前提下,使再生制动与摩擦制动协调工作,最大限度回收能量就成为混合动力汽车研究的关键技术之一。
本文以一款与企业联合开发的四驱混合动力汽车为基础,设计一套电控液压制动子系统,与电机再生制动子系统共同构成双模制动系统,并制定相应的制动力分配策略,分析双模制动系统的制动性能和能量回收效率。主要内容包括:
1、设计一种改进简便、易于实现的电控液压制动子系统,并分析该电控液压制动系统的结构与工作机理,以及与再生制动系统共同构成的双模制动系统的控制原理。
2、提出一种制动力分配控制策略,既能满足制动性能的要求,还能实现较好的能量回收效果。并分析再生制动系统中电机再生制动力的几种限制因素,制定制动力分配控制算法。
3、建立双模制动系统各部分数学模型,包括:制动踏板的驾驶员意图模型、高速开关阀模型、电控液压制动系统模型、整车能量消耗模型、双转子电机模型、电池模型、制动力分配模型等。
4、根据各部分的数学模型,在Matlab/Simulink软件中建立双模制动系统仿真模型,选择几种典型工况进行仿真分析,并与Advisor软件中的制动力分配策略进行对比仿真,验证电控液压制动系统和制动力分配策略的合理有效性,以及制动力分配策略是否具有较好的能量回收效率。
论文最后还对研究成果进行了归纳总结,并对今后进一步的研究提出了建议。
The braking system of HEV is generally composed of hydraulic braking subsystem and regenerative braking subsystem. The hydraulic braking subsystem is the same to the hydraulic braking system of traditional vehicle, which starts braking by human power and produce hydraulic braking force with some delay. With the development of electronic control technology, the control unit of braking system also promotes the trend of electronic, such as electrical hydraulic braking system, it can achieve more accurate and efficient braking. During the process of braking, the regenerative braking subsystem can store part of kinetic energy in the form of electrical energy in the battery, and generate braking force to brake the vehicle. How to make the hydraulic braking system assorts with the regenerative braking system, to get more regenerative energy under assurance of braking safety is a key technique for HEV research.
Based on a four-wheel drive HEV of joint development, an electrical hydraulic barking subsystem is put forward, which is defined as the dual mode braking system. The appropriate braking force distribution strategy, braking performance and energy recovery efficiency of the dual mode braking system are studied in detail. The research contents are as follow:
Firstly, an electrical hydraulic braking subsystem is promoted, its structure and working principle are studiede carefully, and the control method of the dual mode braking system is also carried out.
Secondly, a braking force distribution strategy is presented, which not only meets the requirements of braking performance, but also achieves better energy recovery efficiency. The limitations of regenerative braking force of the motor are analysed, and the control algorithm of the braking force distribution is also formulated.
Thirdly, the mathematical model of the various parts of the dual mode braking system are established, including the driver intention model of brake pedal, the high-speed switch valve model, the model of electrical hydraulic braking subsystem, the model of vehicle energy consumption, the dual rotor motor model, the battery model and the braking force distribution model, etc.
Fourthly, according to the mathematical model of each part, the simulation model of the dual mode braking system is built up in the Matlab/Simulink. The simulation under several typical duty cycles are carried out and the results are compared with those from the Advisor commercial software. In order to vetify the rationality and availability of the electrical hydraulic braking subsystem and the braking force distribution strategy, and the efficiency of energy recovery, the simulating results are analysed in detail.
Finally, corresponding conclusions have been summarized and the further researching directions are proposed.
本文以一款与企业联合开发的四驱混合动力汽车为基础,设计一套电控液压制动子系统,与电机再生制动子系统共同构成双模制动系统,并制定相应的制动力分配策略,分析双模制动系统的制动性能和能量回收效率。主要内容包括:
1、设计一种改进简便、易于实现的电控液压制动子系统,并分析该电控液压制动系统的结构与工作机理,以及与再生制动系统共同构成的双模制动系统的控制原理。
2、提出一种制动力分配控制策略,既能满足制动性能的要求,还能实现较好的能量回收效果。并分析再生制动系统中电机再生制动力的几种限制因素,制定制动力分配控制算法。
3、建立双模制动系统各部分数学模型,包括:制动踏板的驾驶员意图模型、高速开关阀模型、电控液压制动系统模型、整车能量消耗模型、双转子电机模型、电池模型、制动力分配模型等。
4、根据各部分的数学模型,在Matlab/Simulink软件中建立双模制动系统仿真模型,选择几种典型工况进行仿真分析,并与Advisor软件中的制动力分配策略进行对比仿真,验证电控液压制动系统和制动力分配策略的合理有效性,以及制动力分配策略是否具有较好的能量回收效率。
论文最后还对研究成果进行了归纳总结,并对今后进一步的研究提出了建议。
The braking system of HEV is generally composed of hydraulic braking subsystem and regenerative braking subsystem. The hydraulic braking subsystem is the same to the hydraulic braking system of traditional vehicle, which starts braking by human power and produce hydraulic braking force with some delay. With the development of electronic control technology, the control unit of braking system also promotes the trend of electronic, such as electrical hydraulic braking system, it can achieve more accurate and efficient braking. During the process of braking, the regenerative braking subsystem can store part of kinetic energy in the form of electrical energy in the battery, and generate braking force to brake the vehicle. How to make the hydraulic braking system assorts with the regenerative braking system, to get more regenerative energy under assurance of braking safety is a key technique for HEV research.
Based on a four-wheel drive HEV of joint development, an electrical hydraulic barking subsystem is put forward, which is defined as the dual mode braking system. The appropriate braking force distribution strategy, braking performance and energy recovery efficiency of the dual mode braking system are studied in detail. The research contents are as follow:
Firstly, an electrical hydraulic braking subsystem is promoted, its structure and working principle are studiede carefully, and the control method of the dual mode braking system is also carried out.
Secondly, a braking force distribution strategy is presented, which not only meets the requirements of braking performance, but also achieves better energy recovery efficiency. The limitations of regenerative braking force of the motor are analysed, and the control algorithm of the braking force distribution is also formulated.
Thirdly, the mathematical model of the various parts of the dual mode braking system are established, including the driver intention model of brake pedal, the high-speed switch valve model, the model of electrical hydraulic braking subsystem, the model of vehicle energy consumption, the dual rotor motor model, the battery model and the braking force distribution model, etc.
Fourthly, according to the mathematical model of each part, the simulation model of the dual mode braking system is built up in the Matlab/Simulink. The simulation under several typical duty cycles are carried out and the results are compared with those from the Advisor commercial software. In order to vetify the rationality and availability of the electrical hydraulic braking subsystem and the braking force distribution strategy, and the efficiency of energy recovery, the simulating results are analysed in detail.
Finally, corresponding conclusions have been summarized and the further researching directions are proposed.
引文
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