摘要
本文自行设计并建立了一套用于单管液固循环流化床内固体颗粒流动行为研究的实验装置,开发了一套用于测量多相流固体颗粒参数的彩色图像处理和数据采集系统,利用CCD和激光技术,对单管液固循环流化床的流动特性主要是固体颗粒速度和浓度分布进行了研究。利用浓度分布不均匀度的概念,定量地描述浓度分布的不均匀程度;利用Matlab应用程序重建了颗粒浓度和速度的物理场。实验结果表明:当液体流量一定时,颗粒的不均匀度随浓度增加而减小。颗粒在管中浓度分布随两相流的流型变化而变化,在层流区域时,颗粒主要分布在靠近管壁处;而在强烈湍流状态时,颗粒主要分布在管内中心部位。同时对颗粒速度研究表明:在一定液体流量下,颗粒速度随径向位置变化而变化。在层流时,颗粒的径向速度随径向位置的增大而增大;强烈湍流时,颗粒径向速度随径向位置增大的同时产生上下波动。
根据重建的管内颗粒浓度物理场,从两相流的双流体理论出发,建立了颗粒流动模型,用于预测液速、固体颗粒速度、管中径向位置、浓度的相互关系,模型值和实验值吻合较好。
The experiment apparatus to apply to study the flow behavior of solid and liquid circulating fluidization bedvtos designed and built by oneself in this paper. Frame gathering and datum transact apply to measure the particle parameter was exploited .The flow character of solid and liquid circulating fluidization bed was invested by using CCD and laser, including distributing of concentration and velocity, using the concept of unequality degree,describing guantitatively distributing of concentration unequality degree .Physical field of particle concentration and velocity were built through MATLAB program. The experiment result : In some constant flow ,the unequality degree of particle decreases while concentration of particle increases. The concentration of particle in the pipe varie. while flux varie. The distributing of particle in laminar flow was near the pipe's wall.The distributing of particle in overflow is in the center of pipe. The study of axe velocity express :in some flow the velocity of particle varied while radial situation varied In laminar flow ,the particle radial velocity increase while radial situation increase; In onflow ,particle radial velocity produce wave while radial situation varied
According th rebuilt concentration physical field, a two flow model had been proposed to predict connection among liquid velocity ,particle velocity and radial situation and concentration. And the predicted results agree with the experimental data well.
引文
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