大庆徐家围子地区水性分布规律及预测
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摘要
大庆徐家围子位于松辽盆地北部地区,本文的主要研究目的是分析该地区地下水水性的分布特征,及其对油气藏形成的影响,从而预测该区油气分布规律及油气保存情况。
通过大量研究资料说明,对油气聚集和保存最有利的环境,应是渗透水交替缓慢和停滞的环境。从现代水化学特征来看,这些地区是以C1-、Na+为主的高矿化水分布区。根据油气和油田水(实际是油层水)的渗滤和扩散作用,可以使浅层地下水、潜水、甚至地表水的化学成分发生变化,而具有了油田水的某些特征。这种作用在节理和裂隙比较发育的油气藏构造顶部和转折地带更容易发生。因此,在该区可以利用深层水的水化学资料或油田水特征在浅层水、潜水、甚至地表水中的这种效应,可以用来预测油气藏。
通过研究得到,研究区地层水PH值在5.2-10.1之间,但大部分地区PH值大于7,水型整体呈NaHCO3型,部分井的个别深度段出现了Na2SO4、CaCl2、MgCl2水。松辽盆地北部深层在纵向上,随着地层深度的增加,地层水矿化度值逐渐增高,而氯钠系数及脱硫系数逐渐减小。徐家围子深层营城组地质构造复杂,各井间没有统一的气水界面,地层水中许多系数分布不均匀(如钠氯系数),水体是不连通的或连通性很差。地层水化学成分与天然气藏的形成和保存具有密切的关系,地层水总矿化度高值区、(钠氯系数、脱硫系数、碳酸盐平衡系数)低值区、氯镁系数高值区,最有利于天然气藏的富集和保存。工业气层、低产气层和非产气水层地层中的化学成分与气体产能有很好的对应关系。徐家围子深层主要目的层为营城组,其地层水矿化度值最高,钠氯系数及脱硫系数最小,地层水封闭性比较好,变质程度越来越深,处于比较强的还原环境,有利于油气的保存。
Xujiaweizi of Daqing is located in north of Songliao Basin. The main research purpose of this article is to analyze the distribution characteristics of ground water and its impact on the formation of oil reservoir, thus predict the distribution and save of oil and gas in this area.
The most favorable environment for oil and gas accumulation and save is the environment of infiltration water alternate slow and stagnates from a large number of information. These areas are high-mineralized water mainly with Cl-, Na+ from the view of modern water chemistry characters. Because of the percolation and diffusion of oil & gas and oilfield water (actually the water in reservoir), the chemical composition of shallow ground water, submersible water, and surface water have changed and have some characteristics of oilfield water. This effect is more prone to occur on the top of reservoir structure and turning zone with joint and cracks developed. So, we can use the water chemistry data of deep water or the effect of the oilfield water in shallow ground water, submersible water, and surface water to predict the formation of oil reservoir.
Obtained from research, the PH value of the formation water in study area is between 5.2 and 10.1, but most of PH value are more than 7, water type is NaHCO3, section of the individual depth of some wells have water with Na2SO4、CaCl2、MgCl2.The deep of northern basin is in the vertical, with the stratum depth, the salinity values of the formation water increased gradually, however, the coefficient of sodium chloride and desulfurization coefficient decreases. The geological structure of deep Yingcheng formation in Xujiaweizi is complex, every well spacing didn't have uniform air-water interface, many coefficients in formation water are nonuniform distribution (such as coefficient of sodium chloride), and water is not connected or very poor connectivity. Chemical composition of formation water has a close relationship with the formation and preservation of nature gas, the most beneficial environment for natural gas enrichment and preservation is the area of formation water with high salinity value, (coefficient of sodium chloride, desulfurization coefficient, carbonate equilibrium coefficient) low value area, high value area of coefficient of magnesium chloride. The chemical composition of industrial gas, low-yield gas and non-gas water formation layers have well relationship with gas production. The target layer in deep Xujiaweizi is Yingcheng formation, the value of mineralization in other layers is highest, the coefficient of sodium chloride and desulfurization coefficient is minimum, the formation water closure is better, the degree of metamorphism is more and more depth, in a relatively strong reducing environment, it is propitious to preserve the oil&gas.
通过大量研究资料说明,对油气聚集和保存最有利的环境,应是渗透水交替缓慢和停滞的环境。从现代水化学特征来看,这些地区是以C1-、Na+为主的高矿化水分布区。根据油气和油田水(实际是油层水)的渗滤和扩散作用,可以使浅层地下水、潜水、甚至地表水的化学成分发生变化,而具有了油田水的某些特征。这种作用在节理和裂隙比较发育的油气藏构造顶部和转折地带更容易发生。因此,在该区可以利用深层水的水化学资料或油田水特征在浅层水、潜水、甚至地表水中的这种效应,可以用来预测油气藏。
通过研究得到,研究区地层水PH值在5.2-10.1之间,但大部分地区PH值大于7,水型整体呈NaHCO3型,部分井的个别深度段出现了Na2SO4、CaCl2、MgCl2水。松辽盆地北部深层在纵向上,随着地层深度的增加,地层水矿化度值逐渐增高,而氯钠系数及脱硫系数逐渐减小。徐家围子深层营城组地质构造复杂,各井间没有统一的气水界面,地层水中许多系数分布不均匀(如钠氯系数),水体是不连通的或连通性很差。地层水化学成分与天然气藏的形成和保存具有密切的关系,地层水总矿化度高值区、(钠氯系数、脱硫系数、碳酸盐平衡系数)低值区、氯镁系数高值区,最有利于天然气藏的富集和保存。工业气层、低产气层和非产气水层地层中的化学成分与气体产能有很好的对应关系。徐家围子深层主要目的层为营城组,其地层水矿化度值最高,钠氯系数及脱硫系数最小,地层水封闭性比较好,变质程度越来越深,处于比较强的还原环境,有利于油气的保存。
Xujiaweizi of Daqing is located in north of Songliao Basin. The main research purpose of this article is to analyze the distribution characteristics of ground water and its impact on the formation of oil reservoir, thus predict the distribution and save of oil and gas in this area.
The most favorable environment for oil and gas accumulation and save is the environment of infiltration water alternate slow and stagnates from a large number of information. These areas are high-mineralized water mainly with Cl-, Na+ from the view of modern water chemistry characters. Because of the percolation and diffusion of oil & gas and oilfield water (actually the water in reservoir), the chemical composition of shallow ground water, submersible water, and surface water have changed and have some characteristics of oilfield water. This effect is more prone to occur on the top of reservoir structure and turning zone with joint and cracks developed. So, we can use the water chemistry data of deep water or the effect of the oilfield water in shallow ground water, submersible water, and surface water to predict the formation of oil reservoir.
Obtained from research, the PH value of the formation water in study area is between 5.2 and 10.1, but most of PH value are more than 7, water type is NaHCO3, section of the individual depth of some wells have water with Na2SO4、CaCl2、MgCl2.The deep of northern basin is in the vertical, with the stratum depth, the salinity values of the formation water increased gradually, however, the coefficient of sodium chloride and desulfurization coefficient decreases. The geological structure of deep Yingcheng formation in Xujiaweizi is complex, every well spacing didn't have uniform air-water interface, many coefficients in formation water are nonuniform distribution (such as coefficient of sodium chloride), and water is not connected or very poor connectivity. Chemical composition of formation water has a close relationship with the formation and preservation of nature gas, the most beneficial environment for natural gas enrichment and preservation is the area of formation water with high salinity value, (coefficient of sodium chloride, desulfurization coefficient, carbonate equilibrium coefficient) low value area, high value area of coefficient of magnesium chloride. The chemical composition of industrial gas, low-yield gas and non-gas water formation layers have well relationship with gas production. The target layer in deep Xujiaweizi is Yingcheng formation, the value of mineralization in other layers is highest, the coefficient of sodium chloride and desulfurization coefficient is minimum, the formation water closure is better, the degree of metamorphism is more and more depth, in a relatively strong reducing environment, it is propitious to preserve the oil&gas.
引文
[1]黄福堂.松辽盆地油气水地球化学.北京：石油工业出版社,1999(4),133-229
[2]黄福堂.松辽盆地北部地层水的地球化学.大庆石油地质与开发,1997
[3]楼章华,蔡希源,高瑞祺.松辽盆地流体历史与油气藏分析贵阳：贵州科学技术出版社,1998,69-90
[4]卢双航,张敏等.油气地球化学.北京：石油工业出版社,2008(2),266-274
[5]杨胜来,魏俊之.油层物理学.北京：石油工业出版社,2007(3),14-18
[6]卢双航,张敏等.油气地球化学.北京：石油工业出版社,2008(2),11-29
[7]任战利.地热资源评价与利用.黑龙江大庆：大庆油田有限责任公司勘探部2001,1-26
[8]楼章华.论松辽盆地地下水动力场的形成与演化[J].地质学报,2001(2),112-120
[9]曾溅辉.台北凹陷地下水动力特征及其对油气运移和聚集的影响.沉积学报,2000,18(2),273-279
[10]李明诚.沉积盆地中的流体.石油学报,2001,22(4),13-17
[11]地质矿产部水文地质工程地质研究所.油田古水文地质与水文地球化学—以冀中坳陷为例.北京：科学出版社,1987,29-67
[12]Magara K著,童晓光,贾承造译.石油圈闭的地质模型.武汉：中国地质大学出版社,1991
[13]Payne D F, TuncayK, ParkA, Comer J B and Ortoleva P. A reaction-transport-mechanical approach to modeling the interrelationshipsamong gasgeneration, overpressuring, and fracturing:implications forthe Upper Cretaceous natural gas reservoirs of the Piceance basin,Colorado. AAPG Bulletin,2000,84,545-565
[14]HubbertM K. The theory ofground-watermotion.JournalofGeology.1940, 48,785-944
[15]HubbertM K. Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic condi-tions. AAPG Bulletin,1953,37,1954-2026
[16]ChiarelliA. Hydrodynamic framework ofeasternAlgerian Sahara-in-fluence on hydrocarbon occurrence. AAPG Bulletin,1978,62,66
[17]杨万里,高瑞祺.松辽盆地陆相油气生成运移和聚集.哈尔滨：黑龙江科学技术出版社,1985,57-138
[18]王志武,杨继良,高瑞祺.中国石油地质志(卷二).北京：石工业出版社,1993,145-186
[19]王震亮,陈荷立.试论古水动力演化的旋回性与油气的多期次运聚.沉积学报,2002,20(2),339-344
[20]杨继良,史若衍.松辽盆地构造特征及其与油气的关系.见：中国含油气区构造特征.北京：石油工业出版社,1989,47-63
[21]汪在君.松辽盆地北部的地热资源及其开发利用方向.自然资源学报.2003,18(1),8-12
[22]黄福堂.油田地层水中微量全属元素的租成与令布特征研究.国外油田工程1998,6,19-21
[23]程汝楠,杨淑贞.古水文地质及其应用.北京：地质出版社,1981,23-24
[24]刘方槐,颜婉荪.油气田水文地质学原理.北京：石油工业出版社,1991,97-215
[25]大庆油田石油地质志编写组.中国石油地质志,卷二(上册),大庆油田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993,247-253
[26]黄福堂,谭伟等.松辽盆地北部地层水物理化学性质和特征.大庆石油地质与开发,1997,16(3),23-25
[27]赵海玲等.东北地区中生代火山岩岩石学特征与盆地形成[J].现代地质,1998,56-62
[2]黄福堂.松辽盆地北部地层水的地球化学.大庆石油地质与开发,1997
[3]楼章华,蔡希源,高瑞祺.松辽盆地流体历史与油气藏分析贵阳：贵州科学技术出版社,1998,69-90
[4]卢双航,张敏等.油气地球化学.北京：石油工业出版社,2008(2),266-274
[5]杨胜来,魏俊之.油层物理学.北京：石油工业出版社,2007(3),14-18
[6]卢双航,张敏等.油气地球化学.北京：石油工业出版社,2008(2),11-29
[7]任战利.地热资源评价与利用.黑龙江大庆：大庆油田有限责任公司勘探部2001,1-26
[8]楼章华.论松辽盆地地下水动力场的形成与演化[J].地质学报,2001(2),112-120
[9]曾溅辉.台北凹陷地下水动力特征及其对油气运移和聚集的影响.沉积学报,2000,18(2),273-279
[10]李明诚.沉积盆地中的流体.石油学报,2001,22(4),13-17
[11]地质矿产部水文地质工程地质研究所.油田古水文地质与水文地球化学—以冀中坳陷为例.北京：科学出版社,1987,29-67
[12]Magara K著,童晓光,贾承造译.石油圈闭的地质模型.武汉：中国地质大学出版社,1991
[13]Payne D F, TuncayK, ParkA, Comer J B and Ortoleva P. A reaction-transport-mechanical approach to modeling the interrelationshipsamong gasgeneration, overpressuring, and fracturing:implications forthe Upper Cretaceous natural gas reservoirs of the Piceance basin,Colorado. AAPG Bulletin,2000,84,545-565
[14]HubbertM K. The theory ofground-watermotion.JournalofGeology.1940, 48,785-944
[15]HubbertM K. Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic condi-tions. AAPG Bulletin,1953,37,1954-2026
[16]ChiarelliA. Hydrodynamic framework ofeasternAlgerian Sahara-in-fluence on hydrocarbon occurrence. AAPG Bulletin,1978,62,66
[17]杨万里,高瑞祺.松辽盆地陆相油气生成运移和聚集.哈尔滨：黑龙江科学技术出版社,1985,57-138
[18]王志武,杨继良,高瑞祺.中国石油地质志(卷二).北京：石工业出版社,1993,145-186
[19]王震亮,陈荷立.试论古水动力演化的旋回性与油气的多期次运聚.沉积学报,2002,20(2),339-344
[20]杨继良,史若衍.松辽盆地构造特征及其与油气的关系.见：中国含油气区构造特征.北京：石油工业出版社,1989,47-63
[21]汪在君.松辽盆地北部的地热资源及其开发利用方向.自然资源学报.2003,18(1),8-12
[22]黄福堂.油田地层水中微量全属元素的租成与令布特征研究.国外油田工程1998,6,19-21
[23]程汝楠,杨淑贞.古水文地质及其应用.北京：地质出版社,1981,23-24
[24]刘方槐,颜婉荪.油气田水文地质学原理.北京：石油工业出版社,1991,97-215
[25]大庆油田石油地质志编写组.中国石油地质志,卷二(上册),大庆油田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993,247-253
[26]黄福堂,谭伟等.松辽盆地北部地层水物理化学性质和特征.大庆石油地质与开发,1997,16(3),23-25
[27]赵海玲等.东北地区中生代火山岩岩石学特征与盆地形成[J].现代地质,1998,56-62