AZ31镁合金原位生长耐磨陶瓷膜层研究
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摘要
镁合金是结构材料中最轻的金属,但其硬度和塑性剪切抗力较低,导致其摩擦磨损性能较差,大大限制了其在航空航天及其他领域的应用空间,因此,有必要对镁合金进行表面改性以提高其摩擦磨损性能。本文针对提高镁合金的耐磨性能,利用微弧氧化技术在AZ31镁合金表面原位生长耐磨氧化陶瓷膜,并系统分析了氧化陶瓷膜的结构和摩擦磨损性能及其与电解液体系、工艺参数、掺杂改性剂之间的关系,为AZ31镁合金的推广和使用提供了理论依据。
采用XRD、EDS、SEM等测试手段,对氧化膜的相组成、元素组成及其在厚度方向上的分布进行分析,并观察膜层形貌和磨痕形貌;采用表面粗糙度轮廓仪对氧化膜表面粗糙度及磨痕轮廓进行分析;采用纳米压痕测量系统对膜层的表面硬度进行分析;采用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机对氧化膜的摩擦系数进行分析;并采用往复式摩擦磨损试验机研究膜层的磨损寿命和磨损率。
研究表明,最佳电解液体系为:硅酸钠10g/L、氢氧化钠5g/L、钨酸钠1.5g/L、柠檬酸钠1g/L;最佳电参数为:电流密度7A/dm2、频率500Hz、占空比10%、反应时间300s;膜层厚度为14μm;相组成为方镁石MgO和硅镁尖晶石Mg_2SiO_4;纳米硬度为2.56GPa;摩擦系数为0.2329;体积磨损率为9.098×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm。
为了进一步提高氧化膜的摩擦磨损性能,研究K_2Cr_2O_7和Na_2B_4O_7掺杂对膜层摩擦磨损性能的影响,结果表明:K2Cr2O7掺杂膜层的耐磨性能较优,掺杂浓度为0.5g/L,制备膜层在底载荷下的摩擦系数为0.2111;高载荷下的体积磨损率为6.746×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm;纳米硬度为3.47GPa,膜层的磨损机制为粘着磨损。
Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal of the structural material, but its lower hardness and plastic shear resistance result in less friction and wear properties, which greatly restricts its application field of aerospace and other application area. So it is necessary to modify magnesium Alloy to improve its friction and wear properties. In this paper, the wear resistance of the alloy is improved by using micro-arc oxidation in situ growth of AZ31 magnesium alloy wear-resistant oxide ceramic coatings. The oxide ceramic film structure, friction and wear properties of the composition and its relationship with the electrolyte system, process parameters, and the relationship between doping agents are systematically analyzed, providing theoretical basis for the promotion of AZ31 magnesium alloy.
XRD, EDS, SEM and other testing methods are used to analyze the phase composition, element composition and distribution in the thickness of the oxide film, then the morphology of the film and wear scar are observed. The worn surface roughness and contour of oxide film are characterized by Surface Roughness Profilometer. The hardness of the surface of the film is analyzed by Nano-indentation. The friction coefficient of the oxide film is analyzed by Ball-disc Tribometer. Finally the coating wear life and wear rate are measured by friction and wear testing machine.
Study results show that the optimum electrolyte system are: Sodium 10g/L, sodium hydroxide 5.5g/L, sodium tungstate 1.5g/L, sodium citrate 1g/L; the best electrical parameters are current density 7A/dm~2, frequency 500Hz, 10% duty cycle, the reaction time 300s; film thickness is 14μm; phase composition are MgO and Mg2SiO4; nano-hardness is 2.56GPa; friction coefficient is 0.2329 and the volume wear rate is 9.098×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm.
To further improve the friction and wear properties of oxide film, the effects of doping K_2Cr_2O_7 and Na_2B_4O_7 on friction and wear properties of the film are studied respectively. The results display that doping K_2Cr_2O_7 film shows the best wear resistance when doping concentration reaches 0.5g/L. The bottom friction coefficient of the prepared coating under load is 0.2111. The volume wear rate under high load is 6.746×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm. Nano-hardness is 3.47GPa and the film wear mechanism is adhesive wear.
采用XRD、EDS、SEM等测试手段,对氧化膜的相组成、元素组成及其在厚度方向上的分布进行分析,并观察膜层形貌和磨痕形貌;采用表面粗糙度轮廓仪对氧化膜表面粗糙度及磨痕轮廓进行分析;采用纳米压痕测量系统对膜层的表面硬度进行分析;采用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机对氧化膜的摩擦系数进行分析;并采用往复式摩擦磨损试验机研究膜层的磨损寿命和磨损率。
研究表明,最佳电解液体系为:硅酸钠10g/L、氢氧化钠5g/L、钨酸钠1.5g/L、柠檬酸钠1g/L;最佳电参数为:电流密度7A/dm2、频率500Hz、占空比10%、反应时间300s;膜层厚度为14μm;相组成为方镁石MgO和硅镁尖晶石Mg_2SiO_4;纳米硬度为2.56GPa;摩擦系数为0.2329;体积磨损率为9.098×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm。
为了进一步提高氧化膜的摩擦磨损性能,研究K_2Cr_2O_7和Na_2B_4O_7掺杂对膜层摩擦磨损性能的影响,结果表明:K2Cr2O7掺杂膜层的耐磨性能较优,掺杂浓度为0.5g/L,制备膜层在底载荷下的摩擦系数为0.2111;高载荷下的体积磨损率为6.746×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm;纳米硬度为3.47GPa,膜层的磨损机制为粘着磨损。
Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal of the structural material, but its lower hardness and plastic shear resistance result in less friction and wear properties, which greatly restricts its application field of aerospace and other application area. So it is necessary to modify magnesium Alloy to improve its friction and wear properties. In this paper, the wear resistance of the alloy is improved by using micro-arc oxidation in situ growth of AZ31 magnesium alloy wear-resistant oxide ceramic coatings. The oxide ceramic film structure, friction and wear properties of the composition and its relationship with the electrolyte system, process parameters, and the relationship between doping agents are systematically analyzed, providing theoretical basis for the promotion of AZ31 magnesium alloy.
XRD, EDS, SEM and other testing methods are used to analyze the phase composition, element composition and distribution in the thickness of the oxide film, then the morphology of the film and wear scar are observed. The worn surface roughness and contour of oxide film are characterized by Surface Roughness Profilometer. The hardness of the surface of the film is analyzed by Nano-indentation. The friction coefficient of the oxide film is analyzed by Ball-disc Tribometer. Finally the coating wear life and wear rate are measured by friction and wear testing machine.
Study results show that the optimum electrolyte system are: Sodium 10g/L, sodium hydroxide 5.5g/L, sodium tungstate 1.5g/L, sodium citrate 1g/L; the best electrical parameters are current density 7A/dm~2, frequency 500Hz, 10% duty cycle, the reaction time 300s; film thickness is 14μm; phase composition are MgO and Mg2SiO4; nano-hardness is 2.56GPa; friction coefficient is 0.2329 and the volume wear rate is 9.098×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm.
To further improve the friction and wear properties of oxide film, the effects of doping K_2Cr_2O_7 and Na_2B_4O_7 on friction and wear properties of the film are studied respectively. The results display that doping K_2Cr_2O_7 film shows the best wear resistance when doping concentration reaches 0.5g/L. The bottom friction coefficient of the prepared coating under load is 0.2111. The volume wear rate under high load is 6.746×10~(-6)mm~3/Nm. Nano-hardness is 3.47GPa and the film wear mechanism is adhesive wear.
引文
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[8] Huan Chen,GuoHua Lv,GuLing Zhang et al. Corrosion performance of plasma electrolytic oxidized AZ31 magnesium alloy in silicate solutions with different additives[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2010,32:1-4.
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