扩展集装箱式活动房的承载力试验与有限元分析
摘要
活动型房屋是二战后,为提高建设速度,使建筑业向工业化发展而兴起的一种建筑形式。这类建筑现场兴建速度快,各项物理性能指标(抗震、保温、隔声、防水等)好,因此在军事和民用领域中广受青睐。扩展集装箱式活动房是一种可以反复拆装的半临时性建筑,主要由1C改进型集装箱和彩钢聚氨酯夹芯复合板通过连接构件拼装而成,可用于野外宿营、野战指挥、医疗救护等。
本文主要对扩展集装箱式活动房纵向1/2原型结构(原型在纵向、横向均为轴对称结构)在风荷载、雪荷载作用下的承载能力进行试验研究,按照力的等效原则用均布线荷载通过多点加载模拟风、雪荷载作用,分析结构的受力情况,找出结构的薄弱位置。利用SAP2000有限元软件对其进行力学分析、Push-over平面分析,并将分析结果与试验数据进行对比。
研究结果表明,荷载试验中活动房各测点应力均在弹性范围之内,各测点位移均未超过许可范围,活动房的设计是合理的,可以承受10级风荷载和20cm厚的雪荷载作用,活动房在野外环境中的承载力主要取决于风荷载承载力,雪荷载一般不会导致结构破坏。通过Push-over分析,结构破坏的形式很可能为屋架和墙体连接件失效使得各部分彼此脱离而造成的破坏,可以提高构件连接件的强度或采取相应的加固措施以进一步提高承载力。有限元计算与试验结果能够很好的吻合。
In order to accelerate and industrialize construction, mobile house appeared since the 2th World War as a new style structure. Because of the merits such as high-grade industrialized, high speed of construction and good construction physical properties (seismic resistance, thermal retardation, noise isolation, water-resistance), the mobile house is widely adopted for civil and military use. The extended container mobile house can be repetitively disassembled and assembled. Colored steel Polyurethane composite sandwich boards and 1C second generated container consolidates this kind of semi-temporary buildings. The house can be used for field encamping, field direction and medical treatment.
In this paper, the half model of the mobile house is adopted, and its capacity under wind load and snow load are researched. Based on the equivalent principle of mechanics, the wind and snow loads are applied as multi-point loads and line-distributed loads. The loaded models were analyzed and the weak areas were found. Do the loaded analysis and Push-over analysis with SAP2000. The analysis results were compared with that from experiment.
The result indicated that The stress and displacement of the house in the experiment was in the elastic range, the design of the house is ratinal, the capacity of the mobile house met the design requirement. The house can bear 10 calss wind load and 20cm snow load. The wind load determinated capacity of the mobile house. Push-over indicated the building collapsed because of the local failure. The result of analysis was consistent with that of experiment.
本文主要对扩展集装箱式活动房纵向1/2原型结构(原型在纵向、横向均为轴对称结构)在风荷载、雪荷载作用下的承载能力进行试验研究,按照力的等效原则用均布线荷载通过多点加载模拟风、雪荷载作用,分析结构的受力情况,找出结构的薄弱位置。利用SAP2000有限元软件对其进行力学分析、Push-over平面分析,并将分析结果与试验数据进行对比。
研究结果表明,荷载试验中活动房各测点应力均在弹性范围之内,各测点位移均未超过许可范围,活动房的设计是合理的,可以承受10级风荷载和20cm厚的雪荷载作用,活动房在野外环境中的承载力主要取决于风荷载承载力,雪荷载一般不会导致结构破坏。通过Push-over分析,结构破坏的形式很可能为屋架和墙体连接件失效使得各部分彼此脱离而造成的破坏,可以提高构件连接件的强度或采取相应的加固措施以进一步提高承载力。有限元计算与试验结果能够很好的吻合。
In order to accelerate and industrialize construction, mobile house appeared since the 2th World War as a new style structure. Because of the merits such as high-grade industrialized, high speed of construction and good construction physical properties (seismic resistance, thermal retardation, noise isolation, water-resistance), the mobile house is widely adopted for civil and military use. The extended container mobile house can be repetitively disassembled and assembled. Colored steel Polyurethane composite sandwich boards and 1C second generated container consolidates this kind of semi-temporary buildings. The house can be used for field encamping, field direction and medical treatment.
In this paper, the half model of the mobile house is adopted, and its capacity under wind load and snow load are researched. Based on the equivalent principle of mechanics, the wind and snow loads are applied as multi-point loads and line-distributed loads. The loaded models were analyzed and the weak areas were found. Do the loaded analysis and Push-over analysis with SAP2000. The analysis results were compared with that from experiment.
The result indicated that The stress and displacement of the house in the experiment was in the elastic range, the design of the house is ratinal, the capacity of the mobile house met the design requirement. The house can bear 10 calss wind load and 20cm snow load. The wind load determinated capacity of the mobile house. Push-over indicated the building collapsed because of the local failure. The result of analysis was consistent with that of experiment.
引文
[1]彭俊生,罗永坤,结构概念分析与 SAP2000 应用,成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005-10
[2]彭俊生,罗永坤,彭地,结构动力学、抗震计算与 SAP2000 应用,成都:西南交通大学出版社,2007-2
[3]陈世民,何琳,陈卓,SAP2000 结构分析简明教程,北京:人民交通出版社,2005-7
[4]张洪俊,SAP2000 桥梁结构分析应用方法与实例,北京:人民交通出版社 2005-6
[5]中国建筑标准设计研究院,SAP2000 中文版使用指南,北京:人民交通出版社,2006
[6]姜锐,SAP2000 在静力弹塑性分析中的应用,郑州:郑州大学学报,2004-12
[7]张晓,孙杰,基于 SAP2000 多层钢结构静力弹塑性分析,山西:山西建筑学报,2006-11
[8]郑继红,邓卫东,板梁组合结构尺寸优化中灵敏度的简化算法,湖北:江汉石油学院学报,2006-6
[9]胡军,建筑结构平面静力弹塑性反应分析方法的改进,长沙:建筑技术开发学报,2005-6
[10]薛彦涛,徐培福,肖从真等,静力弹塑性分析(Push-over)方法及其工程应用,北京:建筑科学,2005-12
[11]杨溥,李东,李英民等,抗震结构静力弹塑性分析(Push-over)方法的研究进展,重庆:重庆建筑大学学报,2000-5
[12]申世元,葛学礼,朱立新等,拼装式轻钢活动房结构安全分析及改进意见,北京:工程抗震与加固改造,2006-4
[13] 中 华 人 民 共 和 国 国 家 标 准 , 集 装 箱 在 铁 路 上 的 装 卸 和 拴 固(GB10290-88)1989
[14]湖南大学,太原工业大学,福州大学合编,建筑结构试验(第二版),北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1982
[15]姚谦峰,陈平,土木工程结构试验,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[16]孙训方,方孝淑,材料力学,北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[17]于战果,李敏堂,国外军用箱式车技术,中国人民解放军军事交通学院,2005
[18]R.Szilard,板的理论和分析,北京:中国铁道出版社,1984
[20]王海忠,何保康,夹芯板弯曲试验研究,哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2002
[21]刘冲,郭邵斌,复合材料的界面问题,第九届全国结构工程学术会议论文集,2000
[22]江镇海,聚氨酯在建筑业上的开发应用,合成材料老化与应用,2000
[23]闫格,浅谈聚氨酯硬泡在建筑屋面上的应用,聚氨酯工业,2000
[24]袁毅,郭建民,申开智,浅谈聚氨酯硬泡在建筑业上的应用,聚氨酯工业,2001
[25]成全喜,杨德健,孙锦镖,王书祥,混凝土夹芯复合墙板结构性能试验研究,第十届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第Ⅱ卷,2001
[26]张兴虎,张同亿,郭诚,边框对复合墙板抗震性能影响的试验研究,第十届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第Ⅱ卷,2001
[27]张敬,李砚波,赵铃军等,混凝土夹芯承重墙板承载能力的试验研究,第十三届全国结构工程学术会议论文集(第Ⅱ册),2004
[28]奚飞达,朱荣跃,蔡建明,我国建筑复合板材 21 世纪发展战略与思考,中国硅酸盐学会 2003 年学术年会论文摘要集,2003
[29]刘明保,薛立红,徐金声,复合预应力混凝土框架夹层板楼盖弹性应力和挠度的计算,第十二届全国混凝土及预应力混凝土学术交流会,2003
[30]龙驭球,有限元法概论,北京:人民教育出版社,1978
[31]郑述海,混凝土灌芯速成墙板偏心受压性能的试验研究与有限元分析,天津:天津大学,2004
[32]李忠献,工程结构试验理论与技术,天津:天津大学出版社,2004
[33]毕继红,王晖,工程弹塑性力学,天津:天津大学出版社,2003
[34]王勖成,有限单元法,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[35] R. Martino, E. Spacone, G. Kingsley, Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of RC Structures, structures, 2000
[36] AErol Kalkan, S.M.ASCE, Aptive Modal Combination Procedure for Nonlinear Static Analysis of Building Structures, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2006,11
[37] E. Kalkan, S. K. Kunnath, Lateral load distribution in nonlinear static procedures for seismic design, structures, 2004
[38] Rakesh K. Goel, Evaluation of Modal and FEMA Pushover Analysis Procedures Using RecordedMotions of Two Steel Buildings, ASCE, 2004
[39] C. J. Naito, M.ASCE1, K. P. Wheaton, Blast Assessment of Load-Bearing Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 2006-5
[40] Rakesh K. Goel, Anil K. Chopra, Modal Pushover Analysis for Unsymmetric Buildings, structures, 2005
[41] Chatpan Chintanapakdee, Anil K. Chopra, Seismic Response of Vertically Irregular Frames: Response History and Modal Pushover Analyses, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004-8
[42] Ranjit S. Abeysinghe, M.ASCE, Evgenia Gavaise, Pushover Analysis of Inelastic Seismic Behavior of Greveniotikos Bridge, Journal of Bridge engineering, 2002-3
[43] Peter Fajfar, A Practical Nonlinear Method for Seismic Performance Evaluation, structures, 2000
[44] Jeffrey Ger, Phillip Yen, Nonlinear Static Analysis of Bridge Bents by Finite Segment Method, structures, 2004
[45] Tsutomu Usami, Yi Zheng, Hanbin Ge, Seismic Design Method for Thin-Walled Steel Frame Structures, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2001-2
[46] Gregory A. MacRae, Yoshihiro Kimura, Charles Roeder, Effect of Column Stiffness on Braced Frame Seismic Behavior, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004-3
[47] P. S. Tromans, J. W. van de Graaf, Substantiated risk assessment of jacket structure, structures, 2000
[48] Mohammad Aliaari, Ali M. Memari, Experimental Evaluation of a Sacrificial System for Masonry Infill Walls, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002
[49] Jim Schettler, Single Level Concrete Viaduct Pushover and Retrofitted Response Spectrum Analysis, structures, 2005
[50] Wei Huang, Phillip L. Gould, Raul Martinez, Dynamic Response of a Collapsed Heater Stack, structures, 2005
[51] Anoosh Shamsabadi, Kyle M. Rollins, and Mike Kapuskar, Nonlinear Soil–Abutment–Bridge Structure Interaction for Seismic Performance-Based Design, Journal of Geotechinical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2007-1
[2]彭俊生,罗永坤,彭地,结构动力学、抗震计算与 SAP2000 应用,成都:西南交通大学出版社,2007-2
[3]陈世民,何琳,陈卓,SAP2000 结构分析简明教程,北京:人民交通出版社,2005-7
[4]张洪俊,SAP2000 桥梁结构分析应用方法与实例,北京:人民交通出版社 2005-6
[5]中国建筑标准设计研究院,SAP2000 中文版使用指南,北京:人民交通出版社,2006
[6]姜锐,SAP2000 在静力弹塑性分析中的应用,郑州:郑州大学学报,2004-12
[7]张晓,孙杰,基于 SAP2000 多层钢结构静力弹塑性分析,山西:山西建筑学报,2006-11
[8]郑继红,邓卫东,板梁组合结构尺寸优化中灵敏度的简化算法,湖北:江汉石油学院学报,2006-6
[9]胡军,建筑结构平面静力弹塑性反应分析方法的改进,长沙:建筑技术开发学报,2005-6
[10]薛彦涛,徐培福,肖从真等,静力弹塑性分析(Push-over)方法及其工程应用,北京:建筑科学,2005-12
[11]杨溥,李东,李英民等,抗震结构静力弹塑性分析(Push-over)方法的研究进展,重庆:重庆建筑大学学报,2000-5
[12]申世元,葛学礼,朱立新等,拼装式轻钢活动房结构安全分析及改进意见,北京:工程抗震与加固改造,2006-4
[13] 中 华 人 民 共 和 国 国 家 标 准 , 集 装 箱 在 铁 路 上 的 装 卸 和 拴 固(GB10290-88)1989
[14]湖南大学,太原工业大学,福州大学合编,建筑结构试验(第二版),北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1982
[15]姚谦峰,陈平,土木工程结构试验,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[16]孙训方,方孝淑,材料力学,北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[17]于战果,李敏堂,国外军用箱式车技术,中国人民解放军军事交通学院,2005
[18]R.Szilard,板的理论和分析,北京:中国铁道出版社,1984
[20]王海忠,何保康,夹芯板弯曲试验研究,哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2002
[21]刘冲,郭邵斌,复合材料的界面问题,第九届全国结构工程学术会议论文集,2000
[22]江镇海,聚氨酯在建筑业上的开发应用,合成材料老化与应用,2000
[23]闫格,浅谈聚氨酯硬泡在建筑屋面上的应用,聚氨酯工业,2000
[24]袁毅,郭建民,申开智,浅谈聚氨酯硬泡在建筑业上的应用,聚氨酯工业,2001
[25]成全喜,杨德健,孙锦镖,王书祥,混凝土夹芯复合墙板结构性能试验研究,第十届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第Ⅱ卷,2001
[26]张兴虎,张同亿,郭诚,边框对复合墙板抗震性能影响的试验研究,第十届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第Ⅱ卷,2001
[27]张敬,李砚波,赵铃军等,混凝土夹芯承重墙板承载能力的试验研究,第十三届全国结构工程学术会议论文集(第Ⅱ册),2004
[28]奚飞达,朱荣跃,蔡建明,我国建筑复合板材 21 世纪发展战略与思考,中国硅酸盐学会 2003 年学术年会论文摘要集,2003
[29]刘明保,薛立红,徐金声,复合预应力混凝土框架夹层板楼盖弹性应力和挠度的计算,第十二届全国混凝土及预应力混凝土学术交流会,2003
[30]龙驭球,有限元法概论,北京:人民教育出版社,1978
[31]郑述海,混凝土灌芯速成墙板偏心受压性能的试验研究与有限元分析,天津:天津大学,2004
[32]李忠献,工程结构试验理论与技术,天津:天津大学出版社,2004
[33]毕继红,王晖,工程弹塑性力学,天津:天津大学出版社,2003
[34]王勖成,有限单元法,北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[35] R. Martino, E. Spacone, G. Kingsley, Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of RC Structures, structures, 2000
[36] AErol Kalkan, S.M.ASCE, Aptive Modal Combination Procedure for Nonlinear Static Analysis of Building Structures, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2006,11
[37] E. Kalkan, S. K. Kunnath, Lateral load distribution in nonlinear static procedures for seismic design, structures, 2004
[38] Rakesh K. Goel, Evaluation of Modal and FEMA Pushover Analysis Procedures Using RecordedMotions of Two Steel Buildings, ASCE, 2004
[39] C. J. Naito, M.ASCE1, K. P. Wheaton, Blast Assessment of Load-Bearing Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 2006-5
[40] Rakesh K. Goel, Anil K. Chopra, Modal Pushover Analysis for Unsymmetric Buildings, structures, 2005
[41] Chatpan Chintanapakdee, Anil K. Chopra, Seismic Response of Vertically Irregular Frames: Response History and Modal Pushover Analyses, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004-8
[42] Ranjit S. Abeysinghe, M.ASCE, Evgenia Gavaise, Pushover Analysis of Inelastic Seismic Behavior of Greveniotikos Bridge, Journal of Bridge engineering, 2002-3
[43] Peter Fajfar, A Practical Nonlinear Method for Seismic Performance Evaluation, structures, 2000
[44] Jeffrey Ger, Phillip Yen, Nonlinear Static Analysis of Bridge Bents by Finite Segment Method, structures, 2004
[45] Tsutomu Usami, Yi Zheng, Hanbin Ge, Seismic Design Method for Thin-Walled Steel Frame Structures, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2001-2
[46] Gregory A. MacRae, Yoshihiro Kimura, Charles Roeder, Effect of Column Stiffness on Braced Frame Seismic Behavior, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004-3
[47] P. S. Tromans, J. W. van de Graaf, Substantiated risk assessment of jacket structure, structures, 2000
[48] Mohammad Aliaari, Ali M. Memari, Experimental Evaluation of a Sacrificial System for Masonry Infill Walls, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002
[49] Jim Schettler, Single Level Concrete Viaduct Pushover and Retrofitted Response Spectrum Analysis, structures, 2005
[50] Wei Huang, Phillip L. Gould, Raul Martinez, Dynamic Response of a Collapsed Heater Stack, structures, 2005
[51] Anoosh Shamsabadi, Kyle M. Rollins, and Mike Kapuskar, Nonlinear Soil–Abutment–Bridge Structure Interaction for Seismic Performance-Based Design, Journal of Geotechinical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2007-1