加气混凝土用抹灰砂浆复合外加剂的研制
摘要
加气混凝土是一种新型墙体材料,自身具有许多优点。然而由于普通砂浆用于加气混凝土抹灰时,存在保水性差、粘结强度低、易开裂空鼓等缺陷,严重阻碍了加气混凝土的推广应用。针对这些缺陷,研制开发出了一种性能优异的加气混凝土用抹灰砂浆复合外加剂。
本文首先研究了羧甲基纤维素醚、聚丙烯酰胺和羟乙基甲基纤维素醚保水剂,聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂,萘系和羧酸系减水剂,粉煤灰和矿渣微粉矿物外加剂对砂浆性能的影响,根据试验结果得出复合外加剂由粉煤灰、矿渣微粉、羟乙基甲基纤维素醚、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、羧酸系减水剂组成,通过优化理论,确定出了该复合外加剂的最佳配比。并对该复合外加剂的综合性能进行了研究,研究表明复合外加剂大大改善了砂浆的和易性、提高了砂浆的保水性、韧性和粘结强度,减小了砂浆的收缩。用所研制的复合外加剂配制的砂浆适合加气混凝土的抹灰,较好地解决了普通砂浆用于加气混凝土抹灰时存在的保水性差、粘结强度低、易开裂空鼓等缺陷。
通过SEM和XRD测试手段,研究分析了复合外加剂对砂浆的作用机理,以及建立了砂浆与加气混凝土的界面粘结模型,从粘结界面的破坏形式、影响界面破坏的因素以及粘结界面的作用力方面进行了研究,结果表明本文研制的复合外加剂不仅改善了砂浆自身的性能,而且改善了砂浆与加气混凝土砌块的粘结界面性质,提高了砂浆与加气混凝土粘结强度。
Aerated concrete is a new kind of wall material. It has many merits, but when common plaster is used for aerated concrete, there are bad water retention, low bond strength, easy cracking and bulging, which seriously limits aerated concrete's promotion and application. Owing to these defects, a kind of compound additive with good performance was developed.
Firstly, the effect of Caxboxymethycellulose, Polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, polyethylene vinyl acetate, naphthaline water-reducer, polycarboxylic acid type water-reducer, slag, fly ash on performance of mortar was researched. It was found that the compound additive is composed of fly ash, slag, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, polyethylene vinyl acetate, and polycarboxylic acid type water-reducer. Based on principle of optimality, the optimum mix was decided. After studying the over-all properties of the compound additive, it was found that the compound additive improves the workability, water retention,toughness and the bond strength, and decreases the shrinkage of mortar.The mortar with the compound additive fits for aerated concrete. The problem that there are bad water retention, low bonding strength ,cracking, bulging when common plaster is used for aerated concrete can be well solved.
By means of SEM and XRD, the mechanism of the compound additive on mortar was researched and analyzed. The model of bond interface between mortar and aerated concrete was established. After studying the damaging forms of the bond interface, the factors of influencing interface damaged, the acting forces of bond interface between mortar and aerated concrete, it was found that the compound additive improves not only the property of mortar itself, but also the property of bond surface between mortar and aerated concrete, and increases the bond strength between mortar and aerated concrete.
本文首先研究了羧甲基纤维素醚、聚丙烯酰胺和羟乙基甲基纤维素醚保水剂,聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂,萘系和羧酸系减水剂,粉煤灰和矿渣微粉矿物外加剂对砂浆性能的影响,根据试验结果得出复合外加剂由粉煤灰、矿渣微粉、羟乙基甲基纤维素醚、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、羧酸系减水剂组成,通过优化理论,确定出了该复合外加剂的最佳配比。并对该复合外加剂的综合性能进行了研究,研究表明复合外加剂大大改善了砂浆的和易性、提高了砂浆的保水性、韧性和粘结强度,减小了砂浆的收缩。用所研制的复合外加剂配制的砂浆适合加气混凝土的抹灰,较好地解决了普通砂浆用于加气混凝土抹灰时存在的保水性差、粘结强度低、易开裂空鼓等缺陷。
通过SEM和XRD测试手段,研究分析了复合外加剂对砂浆的作用机理,以及建立了砂浆与加气混凝土的界面粘结模型,从粘结界面的破坏形式、影响界面破坏的因素以及粘结界面的作用力方面进行了研究,结果表明本文研制的复合外加剂不仅改善了砂浆自身的性能,而且改善了砂浆与加气混凝土砌块的粘结界面性质,提高了砂浆与加气混凝土粘结强度。
Aerated concrete is a new kind of wall material. It has many merits, but when common plaster is used for aerated concrete, there are bad water retention, low bond strength, easy cracking and bulging, which seriously limits aerated concrete's promotion and application. Owing to these defects, a kind of compound additive with good performance was developed.
Firstly, the effect of Caxboxymethycellulose, Polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, polyethylene vinyl acetate, naphthaline water-reducer, polycarboxylic acid type water-reducer, slag, fly ash on performance of mortar was researched. It was found that the compound additive is composed of fly ash, slag, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, polyethylene vinyl acetate, and polycarboxylic acid type water-reducer. Based on principle of optimality, the optimum mix was decided. After studying the over-all properties of the compound additive, it was found that the compound additive improves the workability, water retention,toughness and the bond strength, and decreases the shrinkage of mortar.The mortar with the compound additive fits for aerated concrete. The problem that there are bad water retention, low bonding strength ,cracking, bulging when common plaster is used for aerated concrete can be well solved.
By means of SEM and XRD, the mechanism of the compound additive on mortar was researched and analyzed. The model of bond interface between mortar and aerated concrete was established. After studying the damaging forms of the bond interface, the factors of influencing interface damaged, the acting forces of bond interface between mortar and aerated concrete, it was found that the compound additive improves not only the property of mortar itself, but also the property of bond surface between mortar and aerated concrete, and increases the bond strength between mortar and aerated concrete.
引文
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[4]陶有生,府坤荣.我国加气混凝土的发展与进步.新型建筑材料,2003,(7):16-19
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[6]陈继盛,曲忠兰.加气混凝土砌筑灰浆和饰面中间体的研究.加气混凝土应用技术论文集. 1999.10:177-179
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[8]莫丹,彭家慧,陈明凤.加气混凝土用新型抹灰砂浆的研制.重庆建筑大学学报,2005,27(4):120-124
[9] Shiyun Zhong,Zhiyuan Chen. Properties of latex blends and its modified cement mortars. Cement and Concrete Research, 2002(32):1515-1524
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[11] Soroushian Parviz,Mirza Faiz,Alhozaimy Abdulrahman.Plastic shrinkage cracking of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete.ACI Materials Journal,1995,92:553-560
[12] Ohama,Y.Polymer-based Admixtures.Cement and Concrete Composites,1998,(20):205-209
[13] Ohama Y.Handbook of polymer-modified concrete and mortars.Properties and process technology,Noyes Publiations,1995
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[15]解洪梅,丁希良等.可再分散聚合物乳胶粉的制备与研究进展.化工新型材料,2004,32(4):
[16] Gao.J.M.et.al.The Properties of polymer Modified Concrete.Southeast Uni- versity,1996,5
[17] Etsuo Sakai and Jun Sugita.Composite mechanism of polymer modified ce-ment.Cement and Concrete Reseach,1995,1
[18] R.Helmuth. Factors influencing flow and strength of standard mortars and reappraisal of ASTM test methods for fly ash. Fuel and Energy Abstracts. 1997.9:316-318
[19]王培铭,张国防等.聚合物干粉对水泥砂浆的减水和保水作用.新型建筑材料,2003,(3):25-28
[20]马保国,郝先成等.外墙外保温抗裂砂浆抗裂性能研究.新型建筑材料,2006, (3):60-63
[21]李海川,许金余等.混凝土外加剂的应用研究.工业建筑,2006,36(增刊):896-899
[22] X.Fu and D.D.L.Chang. Effect of silica fume, later, methylcellulose,and carbon fibers on the thermal conductivity and specific heat of cement paste. Cement and Concrete Research. 1997,27(12):1799-1804.
[23]马会玲.聚合物乳液改性水泥砂浆.化工时刊,2004,18(9):47-48
[24]罗文飞,王嘉图等.改性聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液胶粘剂的研究进展.中国胶粘剂,2005,14(5):
[25] Veova monomer data sheet, Resolution Performance Products, 2002,(11): 115
[26] Visschers,M.,Laven,.and van der Linde,R..Forces Operative During Film Formation form Latex Dispersions Progress in Organic Coatings,1997,(31):311
[27]邱聪.可再分散乳胶粉的制备及其改性效率研究.新型建筑材料,2006,(3):27-30
[28] Teltech Resources Networks Corp.Adhesive Age,1996,(10):38
[29] D.R.Bassett.Hydrophobic coating from emulsion polymers.J.Coat.Tech,2001, 73(912):43-55
[30]赵晶,杨文武.用于加气混凝土薄层砂浆的研制.低温建筑技术,2006,(5):13-15
[31]干粉砂浆生产与应用技术规程.上海:上海建筑科学研究院,2000-07-01
[32]中国建筑工业出版社编委会编.建筑工程检测标准大权(下册).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000(1562--1563)
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[34]饶厚曾,黄智敏,唐星华编.建筑用粘结剂.北京:化学工业出版社,2002
[35]张雄,李旭峰,杜红秀.建筑节能外加剂.北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[36]王培铭,孙振平,蒋正武编.商品砂浆的研究与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2006
[37] Yohama and K. Shiroshida. Properties of polymer modified mortars using powder ernulsion.Polymer Concrete, American Concrete Institute, SP-89,1985
[38]王福元,王正元主编.粉煤灰利用手册.北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[39]高琼英.建筑材料.武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1988
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[41]中国人民共和国建材行业标准.JC890-2001.蒸压加气混凝土用砌筑与抹面砂浆.北京:中国建材工业出版社,2002
[42]谢厚礼.新型粘结砂浆的配制与性能研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学材料学院,2001
[43]张茜.甲基纤维素混合醚在水泥基瓷砖胶泥及嵌缝胶中的应用.新型建筑材料.2001,(3):26-27
[44]吴季怀,林建明,魏月琳等.高吸水保水材料.北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[45] Jakob Wolfisberg,张量.用于干拌砂浆产品的添加剂和可再分散聚合物粉末的作用.广东建材,2005,(4):9-11
[46]王新民,李颂.新型建筑干拌砂浆指南.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2004
[47]吴中伟,廉慧珍.高性能混凝土.北京:中国铁道出版社,1999
[48]徐亦冬,张利娟,陆云龙等.粉煤灰、矿渣及硅灰对水泥胶砂流动性及早期强度的影响.混凝土,2005,(9):41-43
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