钢—预应力砼组合连续梁桥在平原区通航河道应用研究
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摘要
长期以来,跨越主干线航道的桥梁参考一般的跨江、跨河桥设计,忽略了跨越航道桥的个性特征,造成了极大的浪费。因此,研究航道桥设计,有效保证桥下通行能力,使桥梁规模最小、节省造价并研究桥梁的环境景观,具有重大的理论和现实意义。
钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥是一种受力合理、性能优良、施工迅捷而又经济的新型组合结构。迄今为止,国内学者对钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥的研究还不充分,理论体系还不完善,国内现行设计规范也没有相应的条款,因此设计、施工人员对其结构性状、设计、施工要点都缺乏必要的了解,这大大影响了这种性能优良的结构体系的工程应用。论文结合318国道长桥大桥的建设进行有关研究,对其在施工阶段、运营阶段的内力进行计算和分析,从而了解结构受力状态,这对318国道长桥大桥的顺利建成及安全运营具有很大的现实意义；另外在分析总结研究成果的同时,提出合理的设计建议,这对钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥在浙江省甚至我国其他城市的推广具有一定的意义。
本文采用大型有限元分析软件,建立了钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥的非线性分析模型,对318国道长桥大桥进行施工过程及营运阶段的计算,并对计算结果进行分析。结果表明：该桥在施工阶段及营运阶段均能处于安全的状态,钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥具有在平原区通航河道中推广应用的可行性,并且其能适当增大桥梁的跨径,进一步的节省造价,具有一定的市场竞争力。
For a long time, the bridges across main lines of channels, have been designed in reference to common river-crossing bridges and ignored their own personalities, which may lead to a scandalous waste of funds. As a result, study the design of fairway bridges and landscape, effectively guarantee underbridge traffic capacity, make the minimum size and save construction cost, are all of great theoretical and practical significance.
As a new type of structure, steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde has the advantage of reasonable mechanical behavior, superior performance, convenient construction and economy. However, domesic and international theoretical researchers are not enough on aspect of steel-prestressed concrete composite structure till now and there aren't respective provisions in the Chinese design specifications, so designer and constructer don't understand its structure performance, design and construct points and these aspects have a great influence on the application of this reasonable structure system. As a result, it has much realism sense to finish all right the engineering of 318 stateroad longbridge bridge, and work safely, that studying the construct of 318 stateroad longbridge bridge, analyzing and calculating this bridge's internal force in the construct and working phase, inspecting its stress in the construct phase, finding out the working state. At the same time, puts forward reasonable design advice, that will does its work to generalize steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde in zhejiang province or in our country indeed.
This article uses large-scale finite element analysis software, has established steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde nonlinear analysis model. It analyses the internal force of this beam during the phase of construct and working and analyses of results. The result of research shows that this composite beam is in safe state during the phase of construct and working, and is feasible to promote this new type of structure in navigable rivers in the plain area. Furthermore, with the reasons of saving the building cost and increasing bridge span, steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde has some market competitiveness.
钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥是一种受力合理、性能优良、施工迅捷而又经济的新型组合结构。迄今为止,国内学者对钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥的研究还不充分,理论体系还不完善,国内现行设计规范也没有相应的条款,因此设计、施工人员对其结构性状、设计、施工要点都缺乏必要的了解,这大大影响了这种性能优良的结构体系的工程应用。论文结合318国道长桥大桥的建设进行有关研究,对其在施工阶段、运营阶段的内力进行计算和分析,从而了解结构受力状态,这对318国道长桥大桥的顺利建成及安全运营具有很大的现实意义；另外在分析总结研究成果的同时,提出合理的设计建议,这对钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥在浙江省甚至我国其他城市的推广具有一定的意义。
本文采用大型有限元分析软件,建立了钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥的非线性分析模型,对318国道长桥大桥进行施工过程及营运阶段的计算,并对计算结果进行分析。结果表明：该桥在施工阶段及营运阶段均能处于安全的状态,钢-预应力混凝土组合连续梁桥具有在平原区通航河道中推广应用的可行性,并且其能适当增大桥梁的跨径,进一步的节省造价,具有一定的市场竞争力。
For a long time, the bridges across main lines of channels, have been designed in reference to common river-crossing bridges and ignored their own personalities, which may lead to a scandalous waste of funds. As a result, study the design of fairway bridges and landscape, effectively guarantee underbridge traffic capacity, make the minimum size and save construction cost, are all of great theoretical and practical significance.
As a new type of structure, steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde has the advantage of reasonable mechanical behavior, superior performance, convenient construction and economy. However, domesic and international theoretical researchers are not enough on aspect of steel-prestressed concrete composite structure till now and there aren't respective provisions in the Chinese design specifications, so designer and constructer don't understand its structure performance, design and construct points and these aspects have a great influence on the application of this reasonable structure system. As a result, it has much realism sense to finish all right the engineering of 318 stateroad longbridge bridge, and work safely, that studying the construct of 318 stateroad longbridge bridge, analyzing and calculating this bridge's internal force in the construct and working phase, inspecting its stress in the construct phase, finding out the working state. At the same time, puts forward reasonable design advice, that will does its work to generalize steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde in zhejiang province or in our country indeed.
This article uses large-scale finite element analysis software, has established steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde nonlinear analysis model. It analyses the internal force of this beam during the phase of construct and working and analyses of results. The result of research shows that this composite beam is in safe state during the phase of construct and working, and is feasible to promote this new type of structure in navigable rivers in the plain area. Furthermore, with the reasons of saving the building cost and increasing bridge span, steel-prestressed concrete composite continuous beam brigde has some market competitiveness.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国交通部：2008中国航运发展报告.北京：人民交通出版社,2008
[2]刘玉擎.组合结构桥梁[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005.
[3]Adebar P,van Leeuwen J.Flexural behaviour of concrete-steelhybrid bridge girders[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering[J].1998,25(1):104-112.
[4]池田尚治等著,李光瑞、耿花荣等编译.钢·混凝土组合结构设计手册[M].北京：地震出版社,1992
[5]聂建国.钢-混凝土组合梁结构：试验理论与应用[M].北京：科学技术出版社,2005
[6]王连广.钢与混凝土组合结构理论与计算[M].北京：科学技术出版社,2005
[7]刘坚.钢与混凝土组合结构设计原理[M].北京：科学技术出版社,2005
[8]刘安双,任国雷,马振栋等.重庆菜园坝长江大桥主拱钢-混凝土接头设计[J].世界桥梁,2006,4：27-30
[9]刘玉擎.混合梁结合部设计技术的发展[J].世界桥梁,2005,4：9-12
[10]梁会东.钢-预应力接头试验研究与受力性能分析[D].成都：西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[11]陈开利,余天庆.混合梁斜拉桥结合段设计技术的新发展[J].铁道标准设计,2006,5：43-44
[12]卢桂臣,邹宏华.混合斜拉桥钢混结合段的优化研究[J].中外公路,2006,26(3)：153-156
[13]Van Leeuwen J,Adebar P.Full-scale test of concrete-steel hybrid bridge girders[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering[J].1998,24(1):96-103.
[14]Joint Committee IABSE/CEB/FIP/ECCS Composite Structures (Model Code).London: Construction Press,1981
[15]EC Commission. Eurocode 4:Common unified rules for composite steel and concrete structures. Report EUR9886EN, Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg,1985
[16]Eurocode 4. Design of composite steel and concrete structures, Part1.1:General rules and rules for buildings. European Committee for Standardization(CEN), Brussels, Belgium,1994
[17]JTJ 025-86.公路桥涵钢结构及木结构设计规范.北京：人民交通出版社,1988
[18]GBJ 17-88.钢结构设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,1989
[19]DL/T 5085-1999.钢-混凝土组合结构设计规程.北京：中国电力出版社,1999
[20]JGJ 99-98.高层民用建筑钢结构技术规程.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1998
[21]YB 9082-98.钢骨混凝土结构设计规程.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[22]GB 50017-2003.钢结构设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,2003,4：116-118
[23]桂业昆,邱式中.桥梁施工专项技术手册.人名交通出版社,2005年1月：1-25,275-384
[24]范立础.桥梁工程.人民交通出版,1987年6月：1-3
[25]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥.人民交通出版,1988年8月：1-174
[26]杨文渊,徐犇.桥梁施工工程师手册.北京：人民交通出版,1997年7月：287-297
[27]赫英龙,孔祥平.满堂支架在混凝土现浇连续梁施工中的方案设计与应用.铁道工程学报,2001(3)：64-68
[28]黄绳武.桥梁施工及组织管理(上、下册).北京：人民交通出版,2003
[29]中华人民共和国交通部标准.公路桥涵施工技术规范(JTJ041-2000),北京：人民交通出版,2003
[30]唐建华,向中富.特大跨连续刚构桥研究与实践：重庆长江大桥复线桥.北京：人民交通出版,2008
[31]Newmark NM, Siess CP, Viest IM, Tests and Analysis of Composite Beams with Incomplete Incomplete Interaction. Proc Soc Experimental Stress Anallysis.1951,9(1): 75-92
[32]Gattesco N, Giuriana E, Experimental study on stud shear connections in composite beams. J Construct Steel Res.1996,38(1):1-21
[33]日本土木学会.钢-混凝土组合结构设计手册.1989
[34]刘玉擎,曾明根,陈艾荣.连接件在桥梁结构中的应用与研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报.,2003,35
[35]Fisher. J. W. Design of composite beams with formed metal deck. Engineering Journal. AISC,1970,7(3):88-96
[36]Joint Committee IABSE/CEB/FIP/ECCS. Composite Structures(Modal Code)[S]. London: Construcion Press,1981
[37]BSI:BS5400, Part5, Steel, Concrete and Composite Bridges,1979
[38]GBJ17-88.钢结构设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,1989
[39]陈开利,余天庆.混合梁斜拉桥结合段设计技术的新发展[J].铁道标准设计,2006,5：43-44
[40]方京.武汉白沙洲长江大桥钢箱梁设计[J].工程力学,2000,2(A02)：278-282.
[41]陈开利,王戒躁.舟山桃天门大桥钢与混凝土结合段模型试验研究[J]；土木工程学报； 2006,39(3)：86-90
[42]何雄君,李季.预应力混凝土梁桥系统失效树分析.工程力学,2009，(1)：74-78
[43]Xiong-jun HE, Li-chu Fan.3D Coordinating Relations between Steel Cables and Concrete of Prestressed Concrete Beam Bridges. Journal of Bridge Engineering, ASCE,2009, (7): 279-285
[2]刘玉擎.组合结构桥梁[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005.
[3]Adebar P,van Leeuwen J.Flexural behaviour of concrete-steelhybrid bridge girders[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering[J].1998,25(1):104-112.
[4]池田尚治等著,李光瑞、耿花荣等编译.钢·混凝土组合结构设计手册[M].北京：地震出版社,1992
[5]聂建国.钢-混凝土组合梁结构：试验理论与应用[M].北京：科学技术出版社,2005
[6]王连广.钢与混凝土组合结构理论与计算[M].北京：科学技术出版社,2005
[7]刘坚.钢与混凝土组合结构设计原理[M].北京：科学技术出版社,2005
[8]刘安双,任国雷,马振栋等.重庆菜园坝长江大桥主拱钢-混凝土接头设计[J].世界桥梁,2006,4：27-30
[9]刘玉擎.混合梁结合部设计技术的发展[J].世界桥梁,2005,4：9-12
[10]梁会东.钢-预应力接头试验研究与受力性能分析[D].成都：西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[11]陈开利,余天庆.混合梁斜拉桥结合段设计技术的新发展[J].铁道标准设计,2006,5：43-44
[12]卢桂臣,邹宏华.混合斜拉桥钢混结合段的优化研究[J].中外公路,2006,26(3)：153-156
[13]Van Leeuwen J,Adebar P.Full-scale test of concrete-steel hybrid bridge girders[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering[J].1998,24(1):96-103.
[14]Joint Committee IABSE/CEB/FIP/ECCS Composite Structures (Model Code).London: Construction Press,1981
[15]EC Commission. Eurocode 4:Common unified rules for composite steel and concrete structures. Report EUR9886EN, Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg,1985
[16]Eurocode 4. Design of composite steel and concrete structures, Part1.1:General rules and rules for buildings. European Committee for Standardization(CEN), Brussels, Belgium,1994
[17]JTJ 025-86.公路桥涵钢结构及木结构设计规范.北京：人民交通出版社,1988
[18]GBJ 17-88.钢结构设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,1989
[19]DL/T 5085-1999.钢-混凝土组合结构设计规程.北京：中国电力出版社,1999
[20]JGJ 99-98.高层民用建筑钢结构技术规程.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1998
[21]YB 9082-98.钢骨混凝土结构设计规程.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[22]GB 50017-2003.钢结构设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,2003,4：116-118
[23]桂业昆,邱式中.桥梁施工专项技术手册.人名交通出版社,2005年1月：1-25,275-384
[24]范立础.桥梁工程.人民交通出版,1987年6月：1-3
[25]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥.人民交通出版,1988年8月：1-174
[26]杨文渊,徐犇.桥梁施工工程师手册.北京：人民交通出版,1997年7月：287-297
[27]赫英龙,孔祥平.满堂支架在混凝土现浇连续梁施工中的方案设计与应用.铁道工程学报,2001(3)：64-68
[28]黄绳武.桥梁施工及组织管理(上、下册).北京：人民交通出版,2003
[29]中华人民共和国交通部标准.公路桥涵施工技术规范(JTJ041-2000),北京：人民交通出版,2003
[30]唐建华,向中富.特大跨连续刚构桥研究与实践：重庆长江大桥复线桥.北京：人民交通出版,2008
[31]Newmark NM, Siess CP, Viest IM, Tests and Analysis of Composite Beams with Incomplete Incomplete Interaction. Proc Soc Experimental Stress Anallysis.1951,9(1): 75-92
[32]Gattesco N, Giuriana E, Experimental study on stud shear connections in composite beams. J Construct Steel Res.1996,38(1):1-21
[33]日本土木学会.钢-混凝土组合结构设计手册.1989
[34]刘玉擎,曾明根,陈艾荣.连接件在桥梁结构中的应用与研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报.,2003,35
[35]Fisher. J. W. Design of composite beams with formed metal deck. Engineering Journal. AISC,1970,7(3):88-96
[36]Joint Committee IABSE/CEB/FIP/ECCS. Composite Structures(Modal Code)[S]. London: Construcion Press,1981
[37]BSI:BS5400, Part5, Steel, Concrete and Composite Bridges,1979
[38]GBJ17-88.钢结构设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,1989
[39]陈开利,余天庆.混合梁斜拉桥结合段设计技术的新发展[J].铁道标准设计,2006,5：43-44
[40]方京.武汉白沙洲长江大桥钢箱梁设计[J].工程力学,2000,2(A02)：278-282.
[41]陈开利,王戒躁.舟山桃天门大桥钢与混凝土结合段模型试验研究[J]；土木工程学报； 2006,39(3)：86-90
[42]何雄君,李季.预应力混凝土梁桥系统失效树分析.工程力学,2009，(1)：74-78
[43]Xiong-jun HE, Li-chu Fan.3D Coordinating Relations between Steel Cables and Concrete of Prestressed Concrete Beam Bridges. Journal of Bridge Engineering, ASCE,2009, (7): 279-285