重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥钢—砼接头受力分析及安全评估
|
摘要
钢-混凝土组合梁是钢材和混凝土材料性能的优化结合,其功能取决于钢梁与混凝土梁之间的组合程度,而钢与混凝土之间的组合程度与接头部位的抗剪连接件的密切相关,PBL剪力键是桥梁钢-混凝土接头部位常用的抗剪连接件之一。目前,对PBL剪力键及钢-混凝土接头的相关研究相对较少,对其受力性能和模拟分析仍需进一步研究。
本文以重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥的钢-混凝土接头为工程背景,应用有限元分析程序对钢-混凝土接头及PBL剪力键在静力和动力荷载下的受力性能进行研究,并对该桥的钢-混凝土接头局部的安全状态进行评估,主要研究内容包括:
①采用通用有限元程序ABAQUS建立了钢-混凝土接头中单片PBL剪力连接件的有限元模型,考虑了PBL钢板开孔中混凝土和贯穿钢筋的抗剪销栓作用。通过模拟低周往复荷载和单调加载试验,分析了剪力板和混凝土之间的连接性能和主要影响因素,得到剪力键的荷载-位移骨架曲线,为钢-混凝土接头的动力分析提供了恢复力模型;
②根据设计资料分析和钢-混凝土接头试验报告,分析了典型静力荷载工况下钢-混凝土接头局部的受力特征,考察了钢-混凝土接头应力的分布以及剪力板和混凝土的相对位移情况,并与实验结果进行对比分析,验证了本文有限元模型的有效性;
③利用SAP2000建立了整桥结构模型,选取了3组三向地震波,对其进行了动力时程分析,得到钢-混凝土接头两端截面的内力时程。采用ABAQUS建立了钢-混凝土接头的局部模型,将SAP计算的最大的一组内力时程作用到钢-混凝土接头上,研究了钢-混凝土接头及连接单元在地震作用下的应力分布和相对位移;
④根据对钢-混凝土接头静力和动力有限元分析的结果,确定合理的报警阀值,对该桥的钢-混凝土接头进行局部安全状态评估。
Composite beam of steel and concrete box girder is the embodiment of the composite materials of steel and concrete, optimization function of the composite beam depends on the combination between steel and concrete beam, and the combination is closely related with shear connectors in connection part of the joint. PBL shear connector is one of the most frequently used connectors in the part of the joint of bridge. At present, the related research of PBL shear connector and the joint of steel and concrete box girder is also less. More research about the mechanical behaviour and finite element model of the PBL shear connector need to do.
Based on the joint of steel and concrete box girder of Chongqing Shibanbo Changjiang Widen Reconstructed Bridge, the stress performance of the joint and the PBL shear connectors under static and dynamic load was studied, appling general finite element analysis software. And the local safety state of the joint of steel and concrete box girder was evaluated.The main work of research as follows:
①The finite element model of monolithic PBL shear connector in the joint was established with the general finite element analysis software ABAQUS, simulating the action of self-locking of concrete and rebar throughout in the hole of steel plate. Based on the simulating of monocyclic loading test and cyclic loading test, the connection behaviour between PBL shear connector and concrete and the main influence factors was studyed, and the skeleton-frame curve of the PBL shear connector’s force-displacement curve was gained, which provided the hysteretic curve to the dynamic finite element analysis of the joint;
②According to the analysis of designing data and the report of the test, paper analyzes the mechanical behaviour of the joint in conditions of typical static loading, the distribution of the joint stress and the relative displacement between PBL shear connector plate and concrete was studied and compared with the result of the test to proved the rationality of the finite element model;
③The whole bridge model was established with SAP2000, and three groups of three directions of the seismics load were chosen, and time history analysis was done to the model to gain the internal force schedules on both ends of the joint. The partial model of the joint was established with ABAQUS, the group of the maximum internal forces time history was applied to the partial model, and the stress distribution and relative displacement of the linkers and the joint of steel and concrete box girder under the action of the seismics load were studyed;
④According to the results of static and dynamic finite element analysis of the joint, determine reasonable alarm threshold. The local safety state of the joint of steel and concrete box girder is evaluated according to the general method of bridge health monitoring.
本文以重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥的钢-混凝土接头为工程背景,应用有限元分析程序对钢-混凝土接头及PBL剪力键在静力和动力荷载下的受力性能进行研究,并对该桥的钢-混凝土接头局部的安全状态进行评估,主要研究内容包括:
①采用通用有限元程序ABAQUS建立了钢-混凝土接头中单片PBL剪力连接件的有限元模型,考虑了PBL钢板开孔中混凝土和贯穿钢筋的抗剪销栓作用。通过模拟低周往复荷载和单调加载试验,分析了剪力板和混凝土之间的连接性能和主要影响因素,得到剪力键的荷载-位移骨架曲线,为钢-混凝土接头的动力分析提供了恢复力模型;
②根据设计资料分析和钢-混凝土接头试验报告,分析了典型静力荷载工况下钢-混凝土接头局部的受力特征,考察了钢-混凝土接头应力的分布以及剪力板和混凝土的相对位移情况,并与实验结果进行对比分析,验证了本文有限元模型的有效性;
③利用SAP2000建立了整桥结构模型,选取了3组三向地震波,对其进行了动力时程分析,得到钢-混凝土接头两端截面的内力时程。采用ABAQUS建立了钢-混凝土接头的局部模型,将SAP计算的最大的一组内力时程作用到钢-混凝土接头上,研究了钢-混凝土接头及连接单元在地震作用下的应力分布和相对位移;
④根据对钢-混凝土接头静力和动力有限元分析的结果,确定合理的报警阀值,对该桥的钢-混凝土接头进行局部安全状态评估。
Composite beam of steel and concrete box girder is the embodiment of the composite materials of steel and concrete, optimization function of the composite beam depends on the combination between steel and concrete beam, and the combination is closely related with shear connectors in connection part of the joint. PBL shear connector is one of the most frequently used connectors in the part of the joint of bridge. At present, the related research of PBL shear connector and the joint of steel and concrete box girder is also less. More research about the mechanical behaviour and finite element model of the PBL shear connector need to do.
Based on the joint of steel and concrete box girder of Chongqing Shibanbo Changjiang Widen Reconstructed Bridge, the stress performance of the joint and the PBL shear connectors under static and dynamic load was studied, appling general finite element analysis software. And the local safety state of the joint of steel and concrete box girder was evaluated.The main work of research as follows:
①The finite element model of monolithic PBL shear connector in the joint was established with the general finite element analysis software ABAQUS, simulating the action of self-locking of concrete and rebar throughout in the hole of steel plate. Based on the simulating of monocyclic loading test and cyclic loading test, the connection behaviour between PBL shear connector and concrete and the main influence factors was studyed, and the skeleton-frame curve of the PBL shear connector’s force-displacement curve was gained, which provided the hysteretic curve to the dynamic finite element analysis of the joint;
②According to the analysis of designing data and the report of the test, paper analyzes the mechanical behaviour of the joint in conditions of typical static loading, the distribution of the joint stress and the relative displacement between PBL shear connector plate and concrete was studied and compared with the result of the test to proved the rationality of the finite element model;
③The whole bridge model was established with SAP2000, and three groups of three directions of the seismics load were chosen, and time history analysis was done to the model to gain the internal force schedules on both ends of the joint. The partial model of the joint was established with ABAQUS, the group of the maximum internal forces time history was applied to the partial model, and the stress distribution and relative displacement of the linkers and the joint of steel and concrete box girder under the action of the seismics load were studyed;
④According to the results of static and dynamic finite element analysis of the joint, determine reasonable alarm threshold. The local safety state of the joint of steel and concrete box girder is evaluated according to the general method of bridge health monitoring.
引文
[1]蒋彪,邵华英.组合结构中栓钉与PBL键的比较[J].山西建筑,2006:16-20.
[2]曹建安,叶梅新.结合梁栓钉的极限承载力的试验研究[J].长沙铁道学院学报,1999(1):16-20.
[3]刘玉擎,曾明根,陈艾荣.连接件在桥梁结构中的应用与研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(sup):272-275.
[4]宗周红,车惠民.剪力连接件静载和疲劳试验研究[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),1999,6:61-66.
[5]张清华,李乔,唐亮.剪力连接件的三维非线性仿真分析方法.西南交通大学学报,2005,10:595-599.
[6]胡建华,叶梅新,黄琼;PBL剪力连接件承载力试验;中国公路学报,2006年11月,65-72.
[7]聂建国,沈聚敏,袁彦声等.钢-混凝土组合梁中剪力连接件实际承载力的研究[J].建筑结构学报,1996,17(2):21-28.
[8]杨溥,李英民,赖明,结构时程分析法输入地震波的选择控制指标[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(6):33-37.
[9]王建新,胡旭辉,钟豪.组合箱梁剪力键设计分析,山西建筑.
[10]文曙东,卫星,李俊,强士中.重庆石板坡长江大桥钢-混凝土结合段疲劳试验荷载研究[J].世界桥梁,2007,2:51-54.
[11]重庆交通科研设计院.重庆石板坡长江大桥加宽改造工程正桥钢-混凝土接头模型试验研究项目·总报告[R].重庆交通科研设计院,2006.
[12]解增银,重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥健康监测数据处理及安全评估应用研究[硕士学位论文],重庆大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[13]胡建华,候文琦,叶梅新;PBL剪力键承载力影响因素和计算公式研究,铁道科学与工程学报,2007,12,12-18.
[14]过镇海,王传志.多轴应力下混凝土的强度和破坏准则研究[J].土木工程学报,1991,24(3):1-14.
[15]江见鲸,钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析[M].西安陕西科学技术出版社,1994,5-33.
[16]刘安双,刘雪山,代彤,刘国祥.重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥钢-混凝土接头设计[J],桥梁建设,2007,2:35-38.
[17]陈水盛,陈宝春.钢管混凝土拱桥动力特性分析[J].公路交通技术,2001,(2):10-14.
[18]田军伟,郑罡,唐光武,陈江华;重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥钢-混凝土接头模型静载与疲劳试验研究;公路交通技术,2007,4:113-117.
[19]胡建华,蒲怀仁;PBL剪力键钢混结合段设计与试验研究;钢结构,2007,62-68.
[20]雷昌龙.钢-混凝土组合桥中新的剪力连接器的发展与试验.国外桥梁,1999,(2).
[21]刘玉擎,曾明根,陈艾荣.连接件在桥梁结构中的应用与研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(增刊):272-275.
[22]卫星,李小珍,李俊,强士中;钢-混凝土混合结构在大跨度连续刚构桥中的应用;中国铁道科学,2007,9,43-46.
[23]李小珍,卫星,王子健,强士中;世界最大跨度连续刚构桥钢-砼接头应力仿真分析;哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,8:424-427.
[24]黄宗明,结构非线性地震反应计算机模拟分析[R].重庆市应用基础研究基金结题报告,2000.
[25]白绍良,廉晓飞等.钢筋混凝土结构及砖石结构[M].北京,中央广播电视大学出版社,1992.
[26] Isabel Valente,Paulo J.S.Cruz,Experiment alanalysis of Perfobond shear connection between steel and lightweight concrete [J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2004.465-479.
[27] Bazant Z P .Concrete fracture models :testing and practice[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2002,69 (2):165-205.
[28] BangashM Y H. Concrete and concrete structures:numerical modeling and app licati ons[M ]. New York: Elsevier SciencePublishing Co, Inc, 1989 . 116-134 .
[29] A.J.Wang,K.F.Chung; Advanced finite element modelling of perforated composite beams with ?exible shear connectors;Engineering Structures 30(2008)2724–2738
[30] J. da. C. Vianna , L. F. Costa-Neves, P. C. G. daS. Vellasco ,S. A. L. deAndrade;Experimental assessment of Perfobond and T-Perfobond shear connectors’structural response;Journal of Constructional Steel Research
[31] Oreste S. Bursi ,Fei-Fei Sun ,Stefano Postal;Non-linear analysis of steel–concrete composite frames with full and partial shear connection subjected to seismic loads ; Journal of Constructional Steel Research 61(2005)67–92
[32] E. C. Oguejiofort and M. U. Hosaint;Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors;
[33] Pil-GooLee ,Chang-SuShim , Sung-PilChang;Static and fatigue behavior of large stud shear connectors for steel–concrete composite bridges;Journal of Constructional Steel Research 61(2005)1270–1285
[34] J. da. C. Vianna ,L. F. Costa-Neves ,P. C. G. da S. Vellasco ,S. A. L. de Andrade;Structural behaviour of T-Perfobond shear connectors in composite girders: An experimenta lapproach; Engineering Structures 30(2008)2381–2391
[35] F.C.Filippou, E.P.Popov, V.V.Bertero. Effects of bond deterioration on hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete joints[R]. EERC report, University of California at Berkeley, 1983.
[36] B.D.Scott, R.Park and M.J.N.Priestley, Stress-strain behavior of concrete confined by overlapping hoops at low and high strain rates[J]. ACI Journal, 1982, 79: 13-27.
[37] Boksun Kim , Howard D. Wright ,Roy Cairns; The behaviour of through-deck welded shear connectors: an experimental and numerical study; Journal of Constructional Steel Research 57(2001)1359–1380.
[2]曹建安,叶梅新.结合梁栓钉的极限承载力的试验研究[J].长沙铁道学院学报,1999(1):16-20.
[3]刘玉擎,曾明根,陈艾荣.连接件在桥梁结构中的应用与研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(sup):272-275.
[4]宗周红,车惠民.剪力连接件静载和疲劳试验研究[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),1999,6:61-66.
[5]张清华,李乔,唐亮.剪力连接件的三维非线性仿真分析方法.西南交通大学学报,2005,10:595-599.
[6]胡建华,叶梅新,黄琼;PBL剪力连接件承载力试验;中国公路学报,2006年11月,65-72.
[7]聂建国,沈聚敏,袁彦声等.钢-混凝土组合梁中剪力连接件实际承载力的研究[J].建筑结构学报,1996,17(2):21-28.
[8]杨溥,李英民,赖明,结构时程分析法输入地震波的选择控制指标[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(6):33-37.
[9]王建新,胡旭辉,钟豪.组合箱梁剪力键设计分析,山西建筑.
[10]文曙东,卫星,李俊,强士中.重庆石板坡长江大桥钢-混凝土结合段疲劳试验荷载研究[J].世界桥梁,2007,2:51-54.
[11]重庆交通科研设计院.重庆石板坡长江大桥加宽改造工程正桥钢-混凝土接头模型试验研究项目·总报告[R].重庆交通科研设计院,2006.
[12]解增银,重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥健康监测数据处理及安全评估应用研究[硕士学位论文],重庆大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[13]胡建华,候文琦,叶梅新;PBL剪力键承载力影响因素和计算公式研究,铁道科学与工程学报,2007,12,12-18.
[14]过镇海,王传志.多轴应力下混凝土的强度和破坏准则研究[J].土木工程学报,1991,24(3):1-14.
[15]江见鲸,钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析[M].西安陕西科学技术出版社,1994,5-33.
[16]刘安双,刘雪山,代彤,刘国祥.重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥钢-混凝土接头设计[J],桥梁建设,2007,2:35-38.
[17]陈水盛,陈宝春.钢管混凝土拱桥动力特性分析[J].公路交通技术,2001,(2):10-14.
[18]田军伟,郑罡,唐光武,陈江华;重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥钢-混凝土接头模型静载与疲劳试验研究;公路交通技术,2007,4:113-117.
[19]胡建华,蒲怀仁;PBL剪力键钢混结合段设计与试验研究;钢结构,2007,62-68.
[20]雷昌龙.钢-混凝土组合桥中新的剪力连接器的发展与试验.国外桥梁,1999,(2).
[21]刘玉擎,曾明根,陈艾荣.连接件在桥梁结构中的应用与研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(增刊):272-275.
[22]卫星,李小珍,李俊,强士中;钢-混凝土混合结构在大跨度连续刚构桥中的应用;中国铁道科学,2007,9,43-46.
[23]李小珍,卫星,王子健,强士中;世界最大跨度连续刚构桥钢-砼接头应力仿真分析;哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,8:424-427.
[24]黄宗明,结构非线性地震反应计算机模拟分析[R].重庆市应用基础研究基金结题报告,2000.
[25]白绍良,廉晓飞等.钢筋混凝土结构及砖石结构[M].北京,中央广播电视大学出版社,1992.
[26] Isabel Valente,Paulo J.S.Cruz,Experiment alanalysis of Perfobond shear connection between steel and lightweight concrete [J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2004.465-479.
[27] Bazant Z P .Concrete fracture models :testing and practice[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2002,69 (2):165-205.
[28] BangashM Y H. Concrete and concrete structures:numerical modeling and app licati ons[M ]. New York: Elsevier SciencePublishing Co, Inc, 1989 . 116-134 .
[29] A.J.Wang,K.F.Chung; Advanced finite element modelling of perforated composite beams with ?exible shear connectors;Engineering Structures 30(2008)2724–2738
[30] J. da. C. Vianna , L. F. Costa-Neves, P. C. G. daS. Vellasco ,S. A. L. deAndrade;Experimental assessment of Perfobond and T-Perfobond shear connectors’structural response;Journal of Constructional Steel Research
[31] Oreste S. Bursi ,Fei-Fei Sun ,Stefano Postal;Non-linear analysis of steel–concrete composite frames with full and partial shear connection subjected to seismic loads ; Journal of Constructional Steel Research 61(2005)67–92
[32] E. C. Oguejiofort and M. U. Hosaint;Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors;
[33] Pil-GooLee ,Chang-SuShim , Sung-PilChang;Static and fatigue behavior of large stud shear connectors for steel–concrete composite bridges;Journal of Constructional Steel Research 61(2005)1270–1285
[34] J. da. C. Vianna ,L. F. Costa-Neves ,P. C. G. da S. Vellasco ,S. A. L. de Andrade;Structural behaviour of T-Perfobond shear connectors in composite girders: An experimenta lapproach; Engineering Structures 30(2008)2381–2391
[35] F.C.Filippou, E.P.Popov, V.V.Bertero. Effects of bond deterioration on hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete joints[R]. EERC report, University of California at Berkeley, 1983.
[36] B.D.Scott, R.Park and M.J.N.Priestley, Stress-strain behavior of concrete confined by overlapping hoops at low and high strain rates[J]. ACI Journal, 1982, 79: 13-27.
[37] Boksun Kim , Howard D. Wright ,Roy Cairns; The behaviour of through-deck welded shear connectors: an experimental and numerical study; Journal of Constructional Steel Research 57(2001)1359–1380.