海洋浮子式波浪发电装置结构设计及试验研究
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摘要
随着全球范围内能源危机的日益严重,从能源长远发展战略来看,人类必须寻求一条发展洁净能源的道路。新能源和可再生能源的开发利用成为各国21世纪能源可持续发展战略的重要选择。
海洋能是一种有利于环保可再生的清洁新能源,包括潮汐能、海流能、波浪能、海水温差能和海水盐差能。其中波浪能是海洋能源中蕴藏最为丰富的能源之一,是近期海洋能利用研究中研究最多的海洋能源。波能发电是波能利用的主要目的之一。其开发利用技术已趋于成熟,正处于向商业化努力发展阶段。
浮子式波浪能发电装置是诸多波浪能发电装置中的一种。通过浮子装置采集波能,再应用液压装置转化能量,最终使能量转化为电能。本论文针对浮子式波浪能发电装置进行理论和试验研究,并从以下几个方面展开工作:
(1)采用浮子式发电装置作为研究方向,基于弗汝德一克雷洛夫理论,应用其计算方法分别对长方形、球形、水平圆柱形、垂直圆柱形这四种形状的浮子进行计算分析,以求得最适合本装置的浮子形状。
(2)确定浮子形状后,设计浮子结构,确定尺寸及相关参数,再应用克雷洛夫理论对浮子进行受力计算,同时应用Hytrostar、Adams等软件对浮子进行模拟仿真计算,求解浮子的动浮力,与此前的浮子理论计算值结果进行比较,确保浮子受力计算的准确性。
(3)根据浮子受力计算结果及实验室的条件设计本浮子式发电装置,选购相关设备,在船池实验室进行试验研究,首先采用四种不同波长对浮子装置进行试验研究,选择出最适合本装置的波浪参数:然后再对不同缸径的液压缸进行试验研究,选择出最适合本装置的液压系统;最后根据以上的试验数据结果,对起伏系统的总能量、波的总能量、发电装置的能量吸收率、浮子产生的振幅、浮子所受的动浮力、液压缸的排油量以及最终能产生的电能进行计算。
With worldwide energy crisis worsening, in the long-term run, human beings must endeavour to find a new way of exploring clean energy resources. For any countries all over the world, development and utilization of new and renewable energy resources has become an important choice of the energy sustainable development stratege in the 21st century.
Ocean energy is a new clean energy resource which is environmentally-friendly and renewable. It includes tidal energy, ocean current energy, wave energy, sea salt and sea water temperature. Wave energy is one of the most abundant energy resourses in ocean energy. It has been widely studied in the research of ocean energy utilization recently. The main pupose of exploring wave energy is power generation. The technology of development and utilization of wave energy has become more and more mature and is in the stage of commercialization.
There are many kinds of wave power devices. This paper theoretically and experimently studies an ocean buoy wave power device.Float through the acquisition wave energy device, and application of hydraulic energy conversion device, so that the final energy into electrical energy. In this paper, float-wave energy for power generation equipment theoretical and experimental research and from the following work:
(1) Float-generating device used as a research-based Inverness Froude - Krylov theory, the application of the method of calculation for each rectangular, spherical, cylindrical level, the four vertical cylindrical-shaped float calculated, to choose the most appropriate this device the shape of the float.
(2) Determine the shape of the float, float design of the structure, determine the size and related parameters, and then float on the application of Krylov theoretical calculations carried out by force, at the same time the application Hytrostar, Adams, and other software on the float to carry out simulation calculation, solving the dynamic buoyancy float, and Prior to the float calculated to compare the results to ensure that float by the accuracy of the calculation.
(3) According to the float force and the results of the laboratory conditions for the design of the float-generation devices, equipment purchase, boat pond in the laboratory test, first used four different wavelengths of the float device for a pilot study to choose the most suitable for this The wave device parameters; different then the hydraulic cylinder bore to conduct a pilot study to choose the most suitable for the installation of the hydraulic system; final test data in accordance with the above results, ups and downs of the system's total energy, wave energy, the total power generation The installation of energy absorption rate, resulting amplitude float, float suffered buoyancy moving, hydraulic cylinders, as well as the exclusive fuel will eventually be able to generate power are calculated.
海洋能是一种有利于环保可再生的清洁新能源,包括潮汐能、海流能、波浪能、海水温差能和海水盐差能。其中波浪能是海洋能源中蕴藏最为丰富的能源之一,是近期海洋能利用研究中研究最多的海洋能源。波能发电是波能利用的主要目的之一。其开发利用技术已趋于成熟,正处于向商业化努力发展阶段。
浮子式波浪能发电装置是诸多波浪能发电装置中的一种。通过浮子装置采集波能,再应用液压装置转化能量,最终使能量转化为电能。本论文针对浮子式波浪能发电装置进行理论和试验研究,并从以下几个方面展开工作:
(1)采用浮子式发电装置作为研究方向,基于弗汝德一克雷洛夫理论,应用其计算方法分别对长方形、球形、水平圆柱形、垂直圆柱形这四种形状的浮子进行计算分析,以求得最适合本装置的浮子形状。
(2)确定浮子形状后,设计浮子结构,确定尺寸及相关参数,再应用克雷洛夫理论对浮子进行受力计算,同时应用Hytrostar、Adams等软件对浮子进行模拟仿真计算,求解浮子的动浮力,与此前的浮子理论计算值结果进行比较,确保浮子受力计算的准确性。
(3)根据浮子受力计算结果及实验室的条件设计本浮子式发电装置,选购相关设备,在船池实验室进行试验研究,首先采用四种不同波长对浮子装置进行试验研究,选择出最适合本装置的波浪参数:然后再对不同缸径的液压缸进行试验研究,选择出最适合本装置的液压系统;最后根据以上的试验数据结果,对起伏系统的总能量、波的总能量、发电装置的能量吸收率、浮子产生的振幅、浮子所受的动浮力、液压缸的排油量以及最终能产生的电能进行计算。
With worldwide energy crisis worsening, in the long-term run, human beings must endeavour to find a new way of exploring clean energy resources. For any countries all over the world, development and utilization of new and renewable energy resources has become an important choice of the energy sustainable development stratege in the 21st century.
Ocean energy is a new clean energy resource which is environmentally-friendly and renewable. It includes tidal energy, ocean current energy, wave energy, sea salt and sea water temperature. Wave energy is one of the most abundant energy resourses in ocean energy. It has been widely studied in the research of ocean energy utilization recently. The main pupose of exploring wave energy is power generation. The technology of development and utilization of wave energy has become more and more mature and is in the stage of commercialization.
There are many kinds of wave power devices. This paper theoretically and experimently studies an ocean buoy wave power device.Float through the acquisition wave energy device, and application of hydraulic energy conversion device, so that the final energy into electrical energy. In this paper, float-wave energy for power generation equipment theoretical and experimental research and from the following work:
(1) Float-generating device used as a research-based Inverness Froude - Krylov theory, the application of the method of calculation for each rectangular, spherical, cylindrical level, the four vertical cylindrical-shaped float calculated, to choose the most appropriate this device the shape of the float.
(2) Determine the shape of the float, float design of the structure, determine the size and related parameters, and then float on the application of Krylov theoretical calculations carried out by force, at the same time the application Hytrostar, Adams, and other software on the float to carry out simulation calculation, solving the dynamic buoyancy float, and Prior to the float calculated to compare the results to ensure that float by the accuracy of the calculation.
(3) According to the float force and the results of the laboratory conditions for the design of the float-generation devices, equipment purchase, boat pond in the laboratory test, first used four different wavelengths of the float device for a pilot study to choose the most suitable for this The wave device parameters; different then the hydraulic cylinder bore to conduct a pilot study to choose the most suitable for the installation of the hydraulic system; final test data in accordance with the above results, ups and downs of the system's total energy, wave energy, the total power generation The installation of energy absorption rate, resulting amplitude float, float suffered buoyancy moving, hydraulic cylinders, as well as the exclusive fuel will eventually be able to generate power are calculated.
引文
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[5]鹿守本.海洋资源与可持续发展.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999.
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[9]刘强.各国开发海洋能源发电现状.发电设备.2007,1(6):11-14.
[10]李桂香.全球海洋波浪能的开发和利用.海洋科学.1999,1(4):23-24.
[11]李峰.波浪发电系统研究.广东造船.2006,2(4):15-18.
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[22]Daily,J.W.,Stophan.,S.C..Characteristics of the Solitary Waves.Trans.ASCE,1953,118:575-587
[23]邱大洪.椭圆余弦波在工程上的应用.大连工学院学报.1982,21(1):43-46.
[24]盛松伟.一种波浪能实验装置水动力学分析与优化设计.海洋工程.2006,24(3):107-110.
[25]陈恩鉴.国外海洋能开发研究的现状及展望.第五届海洋能源利用研讨会论文集.广州,1994:3-18
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[28]王传昆.我国海洋能资源开发现状和战略目标及对策.动力工程,1997,17(5):72-77
[29]平丽.振荡浮子式波能转换装置性能的研究:(硕士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[30]陈家菁,王龙文.波力发电方案的工程性探讨.海洋工程,1995,13(1):55-56
[31]Salter,S.H.Wave Power,Nature,1974,249(3):13-17
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[33]L.J.Duckers.Wave Energy Devices.The Solar Energy Society King' s College London.1990:69-74
[34]李仕成.振荡浮子式波能转换装置性能的实验研究:(硕士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[35]新能源发电设备专委会.国内外海洋能技术的发展与展望.电气设备,2005,4(7):1-5.
[36]刘鹤守.海洋波浪能与波能转换.自然杂志,1982,5(5):349-355.
[37]陈青濂.波浪能发电.发电设备.2005,3(3):17-18.
[38]任建丽.波浪能发电的开发与展望:(硕士学位论文).杭州:浙江工业大学,2004.
[39]李远林.波浪理论及波浪载荷.广州:华南理工大学出版社,1994.
[40]苎艳蓉.海洋工程波浪力学.天津:天津大学出版社,1991.
[41]蒋德才.海洋波动动力学.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1992.
[42]邱大洪.波浪理论及其在工程上的应用.北京:北京海洋出版社,1985.
[43]McCormick,H.E.Ocean Engineering Wave.Mechanics,Brebbis,C.A.and Walker,S.Dynamic Andlysis of offshore structure,1979:223-230
[44]王载舆.数学物理方程与特殊函数.北京:清华大学出版社,1992.
[45]林江波.浮子式海浪发电船的动态分析与仿真:(硕士学位论文).秦皇岛:燕山大学,2005.
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[2]本间琢也,黑木敏郎著.海洋能源.唐传宝,李明春,译.北京:海洋出版社,1985.
[3]苏林.海洋能源利用进展.中国高校科技与产业化.2004,6(6):12-14.
[1]晨曦.前景广阔的海洋能源.科学24小时.2008,16(3):33-34.
[5]鹿守本.海洋资源与可持续发展.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999.
[6]李允武.海洋能源开发.北京:海洋出版社,2008.
[7]蔡浩然.我国海洋能源的利用.海洋科学.1988,1(1):1-3.
[8]迈克康奈尔.波能发电的未来.水利水电快报.2001,1(7):20-25.
[9]刘强.各国开发海洋能源发电现状.发电设备.2007,1(6):11-14.
[10]李桂香.全球海洋波浪能的开发和利用.海洋科学.1999,1(4):23-24.
[11]李峰.波浪发电系统研究.广东造船.2006,2(4):15-18.
[12]国家海洋局,水电部.中国沿海农村海洋能资源区划.国家海洋局,1989.
[13]余志.波动理论在海洋波浪能利用中的应用.自然杂志.1987,10(10):43-46.
[14]Palme,A.Wave Motion Turbine.Power.1990,52(18):200-205.
[15]邱大洪.波浪理论及其在工程中的应用.北京:海洋出版社,1985.
[16]许肖梅.海洋技术概论.北京:北京科技出版社,2000.
[17]De,S.C..Contributions to the theory of stokes waves.Proc.Cambridge Phil.Soc,1955,51(1):713-714.
[18]Skjelbreia,h.,Hendrickson,J.A..Fifth order gravity wave theory.Proc.of 7~(th) Conf.on Coastal Engc.1961,1(2):334-351.
[19]Keulegan,G.H..Patterson,G.W..Mathematical theory of irrotational translation waves.J.of the Res.of the Nat.Bur.Stds.,1940,24(5):12-23.
[20]Laitone,E.V..The Second Approximation to cnoidal and solitary waves.J.of Fluid Mech.,1960,9:430-444.
[21]孙丽萍,聂武.海洋工程概论.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2001.
[22]Daily,J.W.,Stophan.,S.C..Characteristics of the Solitary Waves.Trans.ASCE,1953,118:575-587
[23]邱大洪.椭圆余弦波在工程上的应用.大连工学院学报.1982,21(1):43-46.
[24]盛松伟.一种波浪能实验装置水动力学分析与优化设计.海洋工程.2006,24(3):107-110.
[25]陈恩鉴.国外海洋能开发研究的现状及展望.第五届海洋能源利用研讨会论文集.广州,1994:3-18
[26]Munk,W.Tucker,M.and Snodgrass,F.Remarks on the Ocean Wave Spectrum.National Academy of Sciences.Publication No.515 Washington,D.C.1957:45-60
[27]高祥帆.中国海洋能源利用技术的进展.中国海洋学会四届二次理事会文集.北京,1997:119-121
[28]王传昆.我国海洋能资源开发现状和战略目标及对策.动力工程,1997,17(5):72-77
[29]平丽.振荡浮子式波能转换装置性能的研究:(硕士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[30]陈家菁,王龙文.波力发电方案的工程性探讨.海洋工程,1995,13(1):55-56
[31]Salter,S.H.Wave Power,Nature,1974,249(3):13-17
[32]M.E.Mc Cormick.Ocean Wave Energy Conversion.John Wiley&Sons,1982:186-203
[33]L.J.Duckers.Wave Energy Devices.The Solar Energy Society King' s College London.1990:69-74
[34]李仕成.振荡浮子式波能转换装置性能的实验研究:(硕士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[35]新能源发电设备专委会.国内外海洋能技术的发展与展望.电气设备,2005,4(7):1-5.
[36]刘鹤守.海洋波浪能与波能转换.自然杂志,1982,5(5):349-355.
[37]陈青濂.波浪能发电.发电设备.2005,3(3):17-18.
[38]任建丽.波浪能发电的开发与展望:(硕士学位论文).杭州:浙江工业大学,2004.
[39]李远林.波浪理论及波浪载荷.广州:华南理工大学出版社,1994.
[40]苎艳蓉.海洋工程波浪力学.天津:天津大学出版社,1991.
[41]蒋德才.海洋波动动力学.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1992.
[42]邱大洪.波浪理论及其在工程上的应用.北京:北京海洋出版社,1985.
[43]McCormick,H.E.Ocean Engineering Wave.Mechanics,Brebbis,C.A.and Walker,S.Dynamic Andlysis of offshore structure,1979:223-230
[44]王载舆.数学物理方程与特殊函数.北京:清华大学出版社,1992.
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