并联混合动力汽车动力系统优化及控制策略研究
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摘要
并联式混合动力汽车(Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle,PHEV)是将发动机与电动机通过机械联接接入驱动系统。两个动力源根据不同工作模式,分别进行驱动或者联合驱动。并联混合动力汽车动力系统的结构特点,使其动力系统参数的优化匹配以及控制策略的选择,成为提高其节能环保性能的关键技术。本文以某型PHEV为对象,对其动力系统参数的优化方法及其控制策略进行了分析研究。
论文首先介绍了混合动力汽车动力总成的分类和结构,且分别对串联式、并联式和混联式混合动力汽车的结构作了详细的分析和举例说明。同时介绍某型PHEV动力总成的结构,并对其运行工况进行说明。
在对某型PHEV的动力系统部件分析的基础上,利用稳态实验数据建立发动机和电动机数学模型。利用汽车动力学理论,建立了动力系统参数优化模型,确定优化设计变量、优化目标以及优化约束。将所建立的优化模型程序化,运行得出优化结果,优化结果表明,该优化方法在保持原车设计动力性要求的基础上提高了整车燃油经济性。
分析了目前所研究的并联式混合动力汽车控制策略,通过对比,提出采用模糊逻辑控制作为某型PHEV的多能源控制策略进行研究。选择工况需求转矩与发动机目标转矩之差△T及动力电池SOC作为输入参数,以发动机最低燃油消耗模式为目标设计模糊控制规则,设计了某型PHEV的模糊控制器。使用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件平台以及电动汽车仿真工具包ADVISOR对其进行二次建模,通过ADVISOR接口实现了模糊控制器对整车模型的控制。
使用美国环境保护署EPA制定的城市道路循环工况CYC_UDDS工况和欧洲轻型车测试道路循环工况CYC_EUDC_LOW工况,分别对某型PHEV的整车模型进行仿真,结果表明模糊控制策略与原型车采用的电力辅助控制策略相比,动力性、燃油经济性都获得了提高,整车总效率也有明显提高。
Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle(PHEV) is link up the engine and the electric motor to powertrain by machinery.For different work patterns,the engine and electric motor are supplying power each other or together.The powertrain structure characteristic of PHEV,make powertrain parameter optimizing matching and the control strategy choice,become the key technology improving energy saving and environmental protection functions.In this thesis,the powertrain parameters optimizing methods and the control strategy of a PHEV have been analysed and studied.
The dissertation introducing the classification and structure of Hybrid electric vehicle powertrain at first,and Respectively,made a detailed analysis and examples in series,parallel and combined structure of Hybrid Electric Vehicles.Inroducing the structure of a PHEV's powertrain unit,and described it's operating conditions.
Based on analysis power system components of the a PHEV,the mathematical models of engine and electric motor have been built by Steadystate experimental data.Built powertrain optimization mathematical model used vehicle dynamics theory,Determine the design variables,target functions and constrained conditions about optimization.Changed the optimization model to computer procedure,run the procedure and obtain the optimal results.Results of optimization are showed that the optimal method maintained the original vehicle design Dynamic performance and enhance the entire vehicle fuel economy.
Analysis of the current PHEV control strategy,puts forwards that uses the fuzzy logic control as the PHEV's multi-energy control strategy.Selected the difference between target engine torque and required torque△T and SOC of power battery as input parameters,take the minimum engine fuel consumption model as target designing the fuzzy control rules,to design The PHEV's fuzzy controller.The Reality of the PHEV Modeling Based on MATLAB/SIMULINK and ADVISOR Second Development Through ADVISOR interface realization of a fuzzy controller for control of the vehicle model..
Use CYC_EUDC_LOW and CYC_UDDS to be in progress to a PHEV model simulating,The results show that compared to using the electric power-assisted control strategy,it can increase the Dynamics performance and Fuel Economy by using fuzzy control strategy,and the total efficiency of vehicles has improved obviously.
论文首先介绍了混合动力汽车动力总成的分类和结构,且分别对串联式、并联式和混联式混合动力汽车的结构作了详细的分析和举例说明。同时介绍某型PHEV动力总成的结构,并对其运行工况进行说明。
在对某型PHEV的动力系统部件分析的基础上,利用稳态实验数据建立发动机和电动机数学模型。利用汽车动力学理论,建立了动力系统参数优化模型,确定优化设计变量、优化目标以及优化约束。将所建立的优化模型程序化,运行得出优化结果,优化结果表明,该优化方法在保持原车设计动力性要求的基础上提高了整车燃油经济性。
分析了目前所研究的并联式混合动力汽车控制策略,通过对比,提出采用模糊逻辑控制作为某型PHEV的多能源控制策略进行研究。选择工况需求转矩与发动机目标转矩之差△T及动力电池SOC作为输入参数,以发动机最低燃油消耗模式为目标设计模糊控制规则,设计了某型PHEV的模糊控制器。使用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件平台以及电动汽车仿真工具包ADVISOR对其进行二次建模,通过ADVISOR接口实现了模糊控制器对整车模型的控制。
使用美国环境保护署EPA制定的城市道路循环工况CYC_UDDS工况和欧洲轻型车测试道路循环工况CYC_EUDC_LOW工况,分别对某型PHEV的整车模型进行仿真,结果表明模糊控制策略与原型车采用的电力辅助控制策略相比,动力性、燃油经济性都获得了提高,整车总效率也有明显提高。
Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle(PHEV) is link up the engine and the electric motor to powertrain by machinery.For different work patterns,the engine and electric motor are supplying power each other or together.The powertrain structure characteristic of PHEV,make powertrain parameter optimizing matching and the control strategy choice,become the key technology improving energy saving and environmental protection functions.In this thesis,the powertrain parameters optimizing methods and the control strategy of a PHEV have been analysed and studied.
The dissertation introducing the classification and structure of Hybrid electric vehicle powertrain at first,and Respectively,made a detailed analysis and examples in series,parallel and combined structure of Hybrid Electric Vehicles.Inroducing the structure of a PHEV's powertrain unit,and described it's operating conditions.
Based on analysis power system components of the a PHEV,the mathematical models of engine and electric motor have been built by Steadystate experimental data.Built powertrain optimization mathematical model used vehicle dynamics theory,Determine the design variables,target functions and constrained conditions about optimization.Changed the optimization model to computer procedure,run the procedure and obtain the optimal results.Results of optimization are showed that the optimal method maintained the original vehicle design Dynamic performance and enhance the entire vehicle fuel economy.
Analysis of the current PHEV control strategy,puts forwards that uses the fuzzy logic control as the PHEV's multi-energy control strategy.Selected the difference between target engine torque and required torque△T and SOC of power battery as input parameters,take the minimum engine fuel consumption model as target designing the fuzzy control rules,to design The PHEV's fuzzy controller.The Reality of the PHEV Modeling Based on MATLAB/SIMULINK and ADVISOR Second Development Through ADVISOR interface realization of a fuzzy controller for control of the vehicle model..
Use CYC_EUDC_LOW and CYC_UDDS to be in progress to a PHEV model simulating,The results show that compared to using the electric power-assisted control strategy,it can increase the Dynamics performance and Fuel Economy by using fuzzy control strategy,and the total efficiency of vehicles has improved obviously.
引文
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[5]福特加速推进转型计划加快推出小型车和混合动力车[J].汽车与配件,2008,39:9-12.
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[10]黄妙华,于厚宇.串联混合动力电动客车控制策略的优化设计[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2003,27(4):440-442.
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[12]孟铭,杜爱民.并联式混合动力汽车的基本控制策略和实时控制策略的比较分析[J],内燃机工程,2005,26(3):11-14.
[13]李国岫,李秀杰。并联混合动力电动汽车动力总成控制策略的研究[J],公路交通科技,2005,22,(4):129-131.
[14]CUDDY M R,WIPKE K B.Analysis of the fuel economy benefit of drive train hytridization[G]//SAE Paper 970289,1997:101-103.
[15]彭武,张俊智,卢青春.混合动电动公共汽车控制策略的仿真[J],公路交通科技,2003,20(1):148-151.
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[18]ANFENG C,PETTIT E.The effects of APU characteristics on the design of hybrid control srategies for hybrid electric vehicle[G],SAE Paper 972646,1997:66-68.
[19]ULTER K L,STAVENS K M,A versatile computer simulation tool for design and analysis of electric and hybrid drive train[G],SAE Paper970199,1997:22-24.
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[21]RAHMAN Z,BUTLER K L,EHSANI M.A comparison study between two parallel hybrid control concepts[G],SAE Paper 2000-01-0994,2000:1321-1325
[22]DELPRAT S,PAGANELLI G,GUERRA T,et al.Algorithmic optimization tool for evaluation of HEV strategies[C],The 16th International Electric Vehicle Symposium(EVS 16),Octoberl2-16,Beijing,1999:1007-1012.
[23]PAGANELLI G,ANTIN J.Conception and control of parallel hybrid car power t rain[C],The 15th International Electric Vehicle Symposium(EVS 15),September 29-October 3,Brussels,Belgium,1998:793-795.
[24]ZOELCH U,SCHRODE D.Optimization method for rating the components of a hybrid vehicle[C],The 14th International Electric Vehicle Symposium(EVS 14),December 15-i7,Orlando,Florida,USA,1997:542-546.
[25]KIMC,GOONG E N,SEONGCHULEE.Fuel Economy Optimization for Parallel Hybrid Vehicle with CTI[G],SAE Paper,1999-01-1148:337-342.
[26]SALMAN M,SCHOUTEN N J,KHEIR N A.Control strategies for paurllel hybrid vehicle[C],Proceedings of the American Control Conference,June 28-30,2000,Chicago,USA.USA:IEEE Press,2000:524-528.
[27]张欣 李国岫 等.并联式混合动力汽车多能源动力总成控制单元的研究与开发[J].高技术通讯,2003,(2):92-96.
[28]杨宏亮 陈全世.混联式混合动力汽车控制策略研究综述[J].公路交通科技,2002,19(1):103-107.
[29]GLENN B,WASHINGTON G,RIZZONI G.Operation and control strategies for hybrid electric automobile[G],SAE Paper 2000-01-1537,2000:375-382.
[30]SEILER J,SCHRODER D.Hybrid vehicle operating strategies[C],The 15th International Electric Vehicle Symposium(EVS 15),September 29-October 3,Brussels,Belgium,1998:692-697.
[31]舒红,秦大同,杨为.混合动力汽车动力传动系参数设计[J],农业机械学报,2002,33(1):19-22.
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