混合动力汽车驱动系统建模与仿真研究
摘要
混合动力电动汽车(Hybrid Electric Vehicle)是汽车技术不断发展的产物,既具有纯电动汽车高效率和低排放或零排放的特性,又具有传统内燃机汽车动力性强和续驶里程长的优点,是当前解决节能、环保问题切实可行的一种过渡方案。目前,混合动力电动汽车主要有三种驱动结构类型:串联式、并联式和混联式。通过客观分析比较这三种类型混合动力电动汽车的结构特性及优缺点,综合考虑对车辆的实际使用要求及成本问题等因素,本文所设计的车辆选择了并联式的混合动力驱动系统。
本文以风神蓝鸟为设计原型,通过重新设计其驱动系统将风神蓝鸟设计成并联式混合动力电动汽车。根据风神蓝鸟的动力性指标,确定本文设计车辆的发动机功率、电动机功率、蓄电池功率、主减速比和变速器速比等参数及驱动系统主要部件的类型。
分析了电动汽车专用仿真软件ADVISOR的原理及使用方法,建立了发动机、电动机、蓄电池、变速器等各部件模型及整车模型。在MATLAB/Simulink环境下,以ADVISOR为仿真平台,在仿真软件中输入仿真参数、设置测试性能、选择循环工况,分别对风神蓝鸟和本文设计的车辆进行仿真运算,分析比较仿真结果。结果表明:本文设计的并联汽车和风神蓝鸟相比,在不降低动力性的前提下大幅度提高了燃油经济性和改善了排放性能,具有良好的工程应用前景和实际应用的社会、经济效益。
另外,本文还对部分参数进行了优化,对比分析了不同控制策略对本文设计的并联式混合动力电动汽车整车性能的影响,确定了适合于本文所设计车辆的控制策略。
Hybrid Electric Vehicle is a product of the continuous development of technology, not only have the high efficiency and low emissions or zero emission performances of pure electric vehicles, but also have the advantage of traditional internal combustion engine vehicle with strong impetus and continued driving mileage. It's the practical transition program to solve the energy conservation and environmental protection in current. At present, Hybrid Electric Vehicle have three main types of drivetrain structure: the Series, Parallel and Parallel-Series. Through objective analysis and comparing the properties of the structure and the advantages or disadvantages of those hybrid vehicles , and considering the actual use requirements of the vehicle and costs or other factors, this paper chosed the Parallel drivetrain system.
Fengshen Bluebird as a design prototype in this paper. Through redesign the drivetrain system of Fengshen Bluebird, we made Fengshen Bluebird became a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle. According to the momentum indicators of Fengshen Bluebird, we determined the main parameters of the vehicle which we designed in this paper ,such as engine power, motor power, battery power, final ratio, gear ratios and the types of the main components. Analysised the principle of the ADVISOR which is a dedicated simulation software for Electric Vehicle and how to use it. Built up the models of engine, motor, battery, transmission or other parts and the whole vehicle. Under MATLAB / Simulink conditions, we input the simulation parameters, set up the test performances and choose the cycle conditions base on ADVISOR .Carry out simulation computing for Fengshen Bluebird and the vehicle which we design respectively and analysis simulation results. The results show that: the Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle which we designed compare with Fengshen Bluebird has greatly increased fuel economy and improved emissions performance without lower impetus. And has a good prospect of application and the practical application of the social and economic benefits.
In addition, the paper also optimized some parameters and comparatively analysised the effect on the Performance of the whole vehicle under different control strategies. And determined the fitable control strategy for the vehicle which we designed.
本文以风神蓝鸟为设计原型,通过重新设计其驱动系统将风神蓝鸟设计成并联式混合动力电动汽车。根据风神蓝鸟的动力性指标,确定本文设计车辆的发动机功率、电动机功率、蓄电池功率、主减速比和变速器速比等参数及驱动系统主要部件的类型。
分析了电动汽车专用仿真软件ADVISOR的原理及使用方法,建立了发动机、电动机、蓄电池、变速器等各部件模型及整车模型。在MATLAB/Simulink环境下,以ADVISOR为仿真平台,在仿真软件中输入仿真参数、设置测试性能、选择循环工况,分别对风神蓝鸟和本文设计的车辆进行仿真运算,分析比较仿真结果。结果表明:本文设计的并联汽车和风神蓝鸟相比,在不降低动力性的前提下大幅度提高了燃油经济性和改善了排放性能,具有良好的工程应用前景和实际应用的社会、经济效益。
另外,本文还对部分参数进行了优化,对比分析了不同控制策略对本文设计的并联式混合动力电动汽车整车性能的影响,确定了适合于本文所设计车辆的控制策略。
Hybrid Electric Vehicle is a product of the continuous development of technology, not only have the high efficiency and low emissions or zero emission performances of pure electric vehicles, but also have the advantage of traditional internal combustion engine vehicle with strong impetus and continued driving mileage. It's the practical transition program to solve the energy conservation and environmental protection in current. At present, Hybrid Electric Vehicle have three main types of drivetrain structure: the Series, Parallel and Parallel-Series. Through objective analysis and comparing the properties of the structure and the advantages or disadvantages of those hybrid vehicles , and considering the actual use requirements of the vehicle and costs or other factors, this paper chosed the Parallel drivetrain system.
Fengshen Bluebird as a design prototype in this paper. Through redesign the drivetrain system of Fengshen Bluebird, we made Fengshen Bluebird became a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle. According to the momentum indicators of Fengshen Bluebird, we determined the main parameters of the vehicle which we designed in this paper ,such as engine power, motor power, battery power, final ratio, gear ratios and the types of the main components. Analysised the principle of the ADVISOR which is a dedicated simulation software for Electric Vehicle and how to use it. Built up the models of engine, motor, battery, transmission or other parts and the whole vehicle. Under MATLAB / Simulink conditions, we input the simulation parameters, set up the test performances and choose the cycle conditions base on ADVISOR .Carry out simulation computing for Fengshen Bluebird and the vehicle which we design respectively and analysis simulation results. The results show that: the Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle which we designed compare with Fengshen Bluebird has greatly increased fuel economy and improved emissions performance without lower impetus. And has a good prospect of application and the practical application of the social and economic benefits.
In addition, the paper also optimized some parameters and comparatively analysised the effect on the Performance of the whole vehicle under different control strategies. And determined the fitable control strategy for the vehicle which we designed.
引文
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[32]Valerie H.jonhnson.HEV control Strategy for Real-Time Optimization of Fuel Economy and Emissions.National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
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[38]Wei Wu.Modeling of Hybrid Vehicle Fuel Economy and Fuel Engine Efficiency.PHD thesis in the University of Michigan,1998.
[39]徐勇.AT并联混合动力电动汽车驱动系统的模与仿真研究[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
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[41]余志生,汽车理论(第3版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[42]于秀敏,宋占伟.混合动力车的应用与发展前景[J].汽车杂志,1999,4.
[43]于俊伟.并联混合动力汽车传动系统建模及控制策略研究[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[44]杨伟斌.ISG型轻度混合动力汽车动力传动系的匹配与仿真研究[D].重庆大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[45]杨泽华.并联式混合动力电动轿车整车仿真及数据分析研究[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[46]张忠伟,文建辉.并联混合动力汽车驱动系参数匹配[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2007,34(6):63-65.
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[3]陈清泉,孙逢春.现代电动汽车技术.北京[M]北京理工大学出版社,2002.
[4]陈健.野马混合动力电动汽车能量控制策略的研究与仿真[D].四川大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[5]陈家瑞.汽车构造(第四版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[6]陈森涛.汽车42V动力系统建模与仿真[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[7]C.Anderson and E.Pettit.The effects of APU Characteristic on the Design of Hybrid Control Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles.SAE 950493.
[8]易兴初.混合动力电动城市客车驱动系统建模与仿真[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[9]方丹.混合动力电动汽车的系统设计与仿真[D].西北工业大学硕士论文,2004.
[10]冯莉.并联式混合动力电动汽车系统的动力匹配与仿真研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[11]袭著永.混合动力电动汽车控制策略的仿真研究及优化[D].合肥工业大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[12]黄榕清,姜招良.浅议汽车混合动力系统的布置[J].设计与计算,1999(5):52-55.
[13]黄妙华,陈飚,陈胜金,等.电动汽车仿真结构比较[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(3):66-69.
[14]李源.洞察“Insight”--本田因塞特混合动力汽车技术特征[J].世界汽车,2000,(1):21-24.
[15]黄妙华.混合动力电动汽车多能源动力总成控制系统的研究与实现[D].华中科技大学博士学位论文,2004.
[16]郝志勇,岳东鹏,李建国.混合动力汽车研究的现状及未来发展前景[J].铁道机车车辆,2003,23(1):205-208.
[17]H.K.Ng,J.L.Anderson.The Prospects for Hybrid Electric Vehicles.SAE Paper957907 A.Kalberlah.Hybrid Drive Systems for Cars.Automotive Engineering.July 1991.
[18]胡骅,宋慧主编.电动汽车[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[19]何洪文,孙逢春,余晓江.车辆动力-传动系性能仿真的方法研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2002,22(5):582-586.
[20]John Ormerod,Peter Fussey.DEVELOPMENT OF A CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A MILD HYBRID VEHICLE.Copyright) 2001 IFAC.
[21]K.B.Wipke,M.R.Cuddy,S.B Burch.ADVISOR 2.1:A User Friendly Advanced Powertrain Simulation using a Combined Backward/Forward Approach.NRELIJA-540-26839,1999.
[22]Karen L.Butler,Mehrdad Ehsani,Preyas Kamath.A Matlab-based Modeling and Simulation Package for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Design.IEEE Transactions on Vehicle Technology,VOL48,NO.6,1999.
[23]李兴虎编著.电动汽车概论[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2005.
[24]李源.洞察“Insight”--本田因塞特混合动力汽车技术特征[J].世界汽车,2000,(1):21-24.
[25]李红林.混合动力电动汽车传动系的建模与仿真[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[26]李晶晶.轻型混合动力军车驱动系统的建模、仿真及优化[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论 文,2006.
[27]李祥峰,韩希国主编.风神蓝鸟轿车维修手册[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.
[28]李春明主编.宝来轿车维修手册[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2003.
[29]雷雨成,严斌,李峰.汽车与可持续发展[J].汽车研究与开发,2003(5):1-3.
[30]钱立军,赵韩鲁,付俊.混合动力汽车传动系结构分析[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,26(6):1121-1126
[31]孙文凯并联混合动力汽车系统建模与转矩动态控制的仿真研究[D].武汉科技大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[32]Valerie H.jonhnson.HEV control Strategy for Real-Time Optimization of Fuel Economy and Emissions.National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
[33]Valerie H.Johnson,Keith B.Wipke,David J.Rausen.HEV Control Strategy for Real-Time Optimization of Fuel Economy and Emissions.Future Car Congress.2000.
[34]王庆年,何洪文,李幼德,初亮.并联混合动力汽车传动系参数匹配[J].吉林工业大学自然科学学报,2000,30(1):72-75..
[35]王海皴.混合动力电动汽车ISG系统模型化与控制算法研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[36]王庆年,何洪文等.并联混合动力汽车传动系参数匹配[J].吉林工业大学学报,2000,3(1)72-75.
[37]Wipke K B,Cuddy M R,Burch S D.ADVISOR2.1:A User friendly Advanced Powertrain Simulation Using a Combined Backward/Forward Approach[J].IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology,1999,48(6):1751-1761.
[38]Wei Wu.Modeling of Hybrid Vehicle Fuel Economy and Fuel Engine Efficiency.PHD thesis in the University of Michigan,1998.
[39]徐勇.AT并联混合动力电动汽车驱动系统的模与仿真研究[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[40]徐清富.汽车混合动力系统的研究[J].汽车研究与开发,1999(3):34-37.
[41]余志生,汽车理论(第3版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[42]于秀敏,宋占伟.混合动力车的应用与发展前景[J].汽车杂志,1999,4.
[43]于俊伟.并联混合动力汽车传动系统建模及控制策略研究[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[44]杨伟斌.ISG型轻度混合动力汽车动力传动系的匹配与仿真研究[D].重庆大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[45]杨泽华.并联式混合动力电动轿车整车仿真及数据分析研究[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[46]张忠伟,文建辉.并联混合动力汽车驱动系参数匹配[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2007,34(6):63-65.
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