观赏蕨类的引种驯化和商品化繁殖技术研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
观赏蕨类属于观叶植物类,指有一定的观赏价值,具美化、绿化、彩化和净化等功能的蕨类植物。因其独特的观赏特性、耐阴性,及其令人耳目一新的格调,博得了人们越来越多的青睐和欣赏。开展观赏蕨类资源的开发利用研究,对丰富园林配植素材,提高园林景观的观赏价值,拓展园林绿化的层次和空间,增加城市园林和城市林业的景观多样性和生物多样性,创造可观的经济效益和生态效益等具有十分重要的意义。本项研究侧重于观赏蕨的引种驯化、繁殖栽培技术、耐阴性及其净化居室环境的能力等几方面,主要结果如下:
     1、观赏蕨类的引种和筛选
     以气候相似理论和协调统一原则为指导,引种了大型、中型、小型野生观赏蕨45种,经栽培驯化和适应性观测,以及不同园林应用类型评价指标体系的建立,筛选了具有市场前景,适应我国亚热带和暖温带地区的观赏蕨:福建观音座莲、华南紫萁、金毛狗、胎生狗脊等大型观赏蕨4种;蜈蚣草、黄山鳞毛蕨、狗脊蕨、狭翅铁角蕨、紫萁、井栏边草、贯众、线蕨、白羽风尾蕨、肾蕨等中型观赏蕨10种;圆盖阴石蕨、铁线蕨、盾蕨、卷柏等小型观赏蕨4种。
     2、观赏蕨类繁殖技术
     (1)福建观音座莲宿存叶柄扦插繁殖:研究了不同年龄福建观音座莲的宿存叶柄、在不同基质和不同浓度的生根粉-6处理下的扦插成活率和生长情况。结果表明:在1园土:1泥炭的混合基质或园土中,成活率可达90%以上。4--7年生的宿存叶柄扦插苗的生长发育情况较好;不同浓度的生根粉-6处理4小时的扦插苗间的生长发育情况几无差异。当年生扦插苗的株高达25.5cm,发叶数为2.9枚。二年栽培植株基本成型,发叶数达5枚以上,叶长达46.3cm,株幅为74.4×71.2cm,可供园林应用。
     (2)金毛狗孢子有性繁殖:在温度分别为22℃、25℃、28℃,相应的光照强度分别为14501x、26001x和38001x的培养箱内,研究了不同基质、不同插种密度、不同浓度的赤霉素和硼酸液处理下金毛狗孢子的萌发和原叶体生长发育情况。结
    
    果表明:28’C、38001x培养箱内森林腐殖土中的抱子萌发率最高,是在其它培
    养箱内同类基质的1.79一1.91倍。1000~1500粒/e耐密度的萌发率比2000~2500
    粒/CmZ和2500~3000粒/c mZ密度要好:用15mg/kg赤霉素处理的抱子萌发率比
    对照及用30mg/kg处理的略有提高。金毛狗原叶体向幼抱子体转化的转化率低于
    5%,0.02%浓度的硼酸能较好地提高其转化率,是清水对照的1.95倍,是0.04%
    浓度硼酸的1.64倍。
     金毛狗抱子培养后3一5周开始萌发,抱子萌发后3一4周出现原叶体,经2~
    3周出现精子器和颈卵器,再经2一3周左右可出现幼抱子体。当年生小苗高5一
    SCm。
     (3)福建观音座莲抱子有性繁殖:采用上述同样方法进行福建观音座莲抱子繁
    殖试验。结果表明:福建观音座莲的抱子萌发率低于0.1%。28℃、38001x比其
    它条件下的抱子萌发提早12一16天,原叶体出现的时间也要提早2周左右。
     0.02%的硼酸可提高其原叶体向幼抱子体的转化率,达12.98%,是清水对
    照的2.16倍,是0.04%硼酸液的1.9倍。
     福建观音座莲抱子播种后6一8周内就能发育成原叶体,再经4~6周幼抱子
    体陆续出现。当年生小苗高8一12cm。
    3、观赏获类的耐阴性
    对贯众、狗脊蔽、黄山鳞毛蔗等17种观赏蔗在不同光照水平下栽培2
    后进行叶绿素确值和光补偿点等的测定,以研究这些观赏蔗的耐阴程度。
    观赏藏在不同处理下的测定的叶绿素确值为0.17~2.33,光补偿点为1.
    个月
    各种
    0~8.
    l“mol·m一,·S一,。测定结果表明:贯众、狗脊蔽、乌蔽、黄山鳞毛蔗等17种观
    赏蔽均比较耐阴,但其耐阴程度存在差异,可将试验的观赏蔗的耐阴性由大到小
    分成三级。
     I级:贯众、狗脊蔽、乌藏、黄山鳞毛蔗、红盖鳞毛蔗、福建观音座莲和
    铁线蔽。
     n级:狭翅铁角获、齿缘瘤足蔽、肾蔽、棕鳞耳藏、粗齿紫其、井栏边草
    和金毛狗。
     fll级:福建假毛旅、渐尖毛蔽和娱蛤草。
    
     观赏蔽耐阴性的测定结果,可为各种特殊的阴生环境选择合适的观赏和绿化
    种类提供依据。
    4、观赏获类对甲醛的吸收
     将肾荻、福建观音座莲、贯众、铁线蔗和井栏边草等观赏截分别置于不同甲
    醛浓度的对照环境中,15天后,进行萃取液甲醛吸光度测定,研究观赏藏类对
    甲醛的吸收能力。萃取对比实验发现:肾蔗、福建观音座莲、贯众、铁线蔗和井
    栏边草等观赏蔽具有较强的吸收消除甲醛的能力,试验植株吸收的甲醛含量是对
    照植株的6.25一10倍。
Ornamental ferns are one part of ornamental foliage plants, which are characterized with such functions as beautifying, greening, coloring and purifying environment. Because of above characteristics and shade-tolerance for which they can be adapted to grow well in shading area, they have been increasingly favored and appreciated. In this paper, studies on the utilization of the ornamental ferns were conducted, which will be certainly beneficial to richening planting resources for landscape, to improving the ornamental value of landscapes, to expanding the space of greening, which will result in the diversities of landscapes and bio-diversities in city-landscape and city-forestry, and in considerable economic and ecological benefits. This study will mainly focus on the introduction and domestication, propagation techniques, the shade-tolerance of ornamental ferns and their ability of absorbing aldehyde (HCHO). The main results are showed as follows: 1. Introduction and selection of ornamental ferns
    Based on the theory of "the similar climate" and the principle of "correspondence match", 45 species of ornamental ferns were introduced, including such different sizes in height as large, middle and small. The prospective ornamental ferns which were adapted to the sub-tropical and warm temperate zone in China were selected, including Angiopteris fokiensis, Osmunda vachellii, Cibotium barometz, Woodwardia prolifera, Pteris vittata, Dryopteris whangshanensis , Woodwardia japonica, Asplenium wrightii, Pteris ensiformis var. victoriae, Pteris multifida, Cyrtomium fortunei, Colysis elliptica , Osmunda japonica, Nephrolepis auriculata, Humata tyermanni , Adicmtum capillus ,Neolepisorus ovatus and Sellaginella tamariscina, after the experiments on cultivation and domestication of ornamental ferns, based on which the evaluation indexes system of ornamental ferns were established.
    
    
    2. Propagation of ornamental ferns
    (1) Persistent petiole cutting propagation of Angiopteris fokiensis
    Based on the experiments on cutting of Angiopteris fokiensis, effects of petiole of different ages, different substrate and different concentration of ABT-6 on the survival rate and growth situation of Angiopteris fokiensis were studied. The results were showed that the survival rate was over 90%, when cultivated in the substrate (a mixture of the garden soil and peat-soil with the same volume), or in the garden soil. The seedlings developed from cuttings of persistent petiole of 4 to 7 years old grew well. There were little difference in growth situation among cuttings, which dipped in the liquid of different concentration of ABT-6 for four hours.
    The height was 25.5 cm, after cultivated one year, while the leaf number was 2.9. The number of leaf was more than 5 and the length of leaf was 25.5 cm, after two-year cultivation, and the plant formed a good shape, thus can be used for landscaping.
    (2) The sexual reproduction of Cibotium barometz
    Based on the experiments carried in three different culture boxes with different temperatures of 22癈, 25癈and 28癈 and the light intensities of 14501x, 26001x and 38001x correspondently, the effects of different substrates, densities, different concentrations of GA and baron-acid on germination of spores and growth situation of prothallium of Cibotium barometz were studied. The results were showed that the germination rate of spores was the highest when cultivated in the forest soil under the temperature of 28癈 and light intensity of 38001x, which was 1.79 to 1.91 times of the germination rate when spores were cultivated under other conditions. The germination rate of spores cultivated with density of 1000 to 1500 per cm2 was better than that of spores cultivated with densities of 2000 to 2500 per cm2 and 2500 to 3000 per cm2. The germination rate of spores, treated with GA in density of 15mg/kg, was a little bit higher than that of spores treated with 30mg/kg GA and that of spores treated with water. The transform rate from prothalliums to young sporophytes was less than 5%, which was very low.
引文
敖志文.黑龙江省蕨类植物.东北林业大学出版社,1990
    白伟岗,任建武,苏雪痕.八种植物耐阴性比较.北京林业大学学报,1999,21(3):46—52
    毕世荣,苏成端,徐正兰等.桫椤组织培养的研究.植物生理学通讯,1985,21(1):38
    藏得奎,孙述涛,段祖安,等.华北蹄盖蕨的引种栽培研究.中国野生植物资源,1998,18(3):66-67
    柴一秋,游聚武,姚丽娟.波士顿蕨的组培快繁初试.浙江亚热带作物通讯,1998,2:20-23
    车生泉.西天目山耐荫草本花卉种质资源调查及其在上海地区的应用探讨.上海农学院学报,1996,14:177-185
    陈龙清,季华,袁芳亭.荚果蕨孢子的无菌培养.植物生理学通讯,2000,36(5):436—437
    陈志红.脉凤尾蕨的孢子培养.亚热带植物通讯,1989,(2):39-40
    程治英,刘道华.中华桫椤的组织培养.植物生理学通讯,1992,28(3):210-211
    程治英,陶国达,许再富.桫椤濒危原因的探讨.云南植物研究,1990,12(2):186-190
    程治英,张风雷,兰芹英等.桫椤的快速繁殖与种质保存技术的研究.云南植物研究,1991,13(2):181-188
    戴绍军,刘焕宏.鹿角蕨配子体发育的研究.哈尔滨师范大学学报,1998,14(1):71-75
    董丽,苏雪痕,吴西蒙.北京地区野生蕨类资源及其生境调查.北京林业大学学报,1993,15(1):110—114
    董丽,苏雪痕。荚果蕨Matteuccia struthiopteris孢子繁殖的研究.园艺学报,1993,20(3):274—278
    韩见宇,范文波.桂皮紫萁的孢子繁殖.贵州科学,1998,16(1):69-72
    韩见宇,王用平.桫椤的孢子繁殖.贵州科学,1991,9(1):61-64
    韩见宇.药用蕨类植物孢子繁殖方法.中药材,1993,16(11):6-7
    韩玉林,贺善安.环境条件对荚果蕨孢子繁殖的影响.黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,1992,(1):27—32
    郝丽珍,邓俊玲.蕨菜孢子萌发及生育进程与诸因素关系研究.内蒙古农牧学院学报,1998,19(2):75—80
    郝丽珍,马立国.蕨菜配子体的生长发育特点.内蒙古农牧学院学报,1995,16(3):37-39
    贺军辉,林峰.湖南野生观赏蕨类资源及其栽培利用初探.园艺学报,1996,23(4):379-383
    黄韶玲,降洁莲.鹿角蕨的组织培养.植物生理学通讯,1993,29(1):46-47
    黄益江,彭东辉.观赏蕨类的栽培及应用的研究.中国林副特产,1998(3):20-21
    黄智明.珍奇花卉栽培.广东科技出版社,1995,1—14
    黄智明.名贵观叶鹿角蕨.广东园林,1994,(4):26—29
    焦瑜,张捷,黄红春.蕨类植物在昆明地区的引种栽培.中国野生植物资源,2000,19(2):52—54
    焦瑜.中国云南蕨类植物图谱.北京:科学出版社,2001
    
    
    金波主编.室内观叶植物.中国农业出版社,1998,215-248
    金建平,兰涛.观赏蕨的组织培养.植物生理学通讯,1991,27(1):71-73
    李文安.狼尾草的离体培养.植物生理学报,1990,(3):44
    林绍生,陈义增,吕尉.野生观叶植物的室内摆饰的适性研究.浙江农业科学,2001,5:237—239
    林绍生,陈义增,铙炯.福建观音座莲特性的观察研究.亚热带植物通讯,1999,28(1):26-29
    林孝辉,王全喜.东北蕨类植物配子体发育的研究(蹄盖蕨科).植物研究,1996,16(3):323-335
    刘保东,包文美.中国产对开蕨配子体发育的研究.植物研究,1991,11(2):93-100
    刘保东,包文美.中国产对开蕨配子体发育的研究.植物研究,1991,11(2):93-100
    刘家熙.盆栽鸟巢蕨孢子的采集与培养.幼孢子体的促成栽培.植物杂志 1997,(2):18-19/(3):22-23
    刘建武,刘宁.蕨类植物配子体发育及其性器官分化的研究进展.植物学通报,2001,18(2):149-157
    刘静鹤,王燕.几种观赏蕨类的栽培技术.花木盆景,1998,(6):11-12
    刘鹏,吴国芳.大别山马鬃岭蕨类植物资源的开发利用.山地研究,1994,12(3):174-180
    秦仁昌.中国植物志第二卷[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1959.57.
    任全进,于金平.江苏蕨类植物资源及其利用价值.江苏林业科技,1998,25(1):26-29
    邵莉楣主编.观赏蕨类的栽培与用途.金盾出版社,1994
    石雷.观赏蕨类.北京:中国林业出版社,2002
    石雷.观赏蕨类植物.合肥:安徽科技出版社,2002
    苏建宇,王俊.荚果蕨的组织培养.植物生理学通讯,1996,32(5):361
    苏文华,张广飞.二回原始观音座莲蕨光合作用的生理生态学研究.广西物植物,2002,22(5):449-452
    苏志尧,廖文波等.广西蕨类植物区系及植物资源的特点.华南农业大学学报,1996,17(3):41-46
    苏雪痕.园林植物耐阴性及其配置.北京林学院学报,1981,3(2):63-70
    孙禄.吉林省蕨类植物及其利用价值.特产研究,1997,(2):34-36
    谭文澄,戴策刚主编.观赏植物组织培养技术.北京:中国林业出版社,1998,390-395。
    田旗,张庆费,乔平.上海地区原生蕨类植物及其绿化应用.中国园林,2002,18(3):89-93
    王俊,李吉宁,梁文裕,等,蕨的组织培养..植物生理学通讯,1997,33(6):361
    王培善.贵州蕨类植物志.贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2001
    王彭伟.肾蕨组培快速繁殖的研究.北京林业大学学报,1998,20(2):107-109
    王世绩.木本植物耐阴性的生理学原理.北京:科学出版社,1986
    王筱英,王用平,曾莉莉,等.贵州植物园的蕨园.中国园林,1996,1l(2):40-42
    王用平,韩见宇,曾莉莉,等.福建观音座莲的繁殖与栽培.中草药,1992,23(7):389
    王用平,曾莉莉,魏德生,等.贵州省植物园引种苏铁蕨成功.中国野生植物资源,1996。(4):44
    
    
    王用平,曾莉莉.贵州植物园珍稀濒危蕨类植物.贵州科学,1995,13(3):53-55
    魏德生,梁可.海金沙的引种及栽培.中草药,1998,29(7):482—484
    魏德生,梁可.江南星蕨孢子繁殖试验.中草药,1999,30(3):224—225
    魏德生,曾莉莉.截基盾蕨的繁殖及栽培.中国中药杂志,1998,23(9):524—526
    吴育萍,邓小明.江西观赏蕨类资源.江西教育学院学报,1997,18(6):42—44
    吴兆洪,秦仁昌.中国蕨类植物科属志.科学出版社,1991,43-46.
    吴兆洪.续谈我国观赏蕨类的发展.广西植物,1995,15(1):96-97
    吴征镒.新华本草纲要[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1990.(3):640—642.
    谢孝福.植物引种学.北京:科学出版社,1994.
    徐惠珠,金义兴.三峡库区珍稀特有植物荷叶铁线蕨孢子繁殖.长江流域资源与环境,1998,7(3):237-241
    叶升儒.观音座莲生态条件及适应性情况的初步研究.温州师范学院学报(自科版),1994,(3):78-81
    游聚斌.波士顿蕨的组培快繁初试及组培苗栽培试验.浙江亚热带作物通讯,1998,20(1):29—30和20(2):20-22
    于永福.中国野生植物保护工作的里程碑.植物杂志,1999(5):3—5
    曾汉元.福建观音座莲的根状茎繁殖研究.湖南中医药导报,2002,8(10):629-630
    曾汉元,丁炳扬.蕨类植物配子体发育的研究.植物研究,2003,23(2):154-158
    曾莉莉.珍稀濒危观赏蕨类植物截基盾蕨的引种栽培.特产研究,1996(1):61
    曾荣君.铁线蕨的观赏价值及繁殖栽培.园林,1997(1):31
    曾宋君,关丽.波斯顿蕨的组织培养.植物生理学通讯,1996,32(3):198
    曾宋君.华南观赏蕨类植物.广东园林,1997(3):32-37
    曾宋君.华南植物园中的蕨园.植物杂志,2000,(2):29.
    曾霞光,庄南生.蕨类植物组织培养研究进展.亚热带植物科学,2002,31(z1):37—43
    张百誉.蕨类植物与环境美化.植物杂志,1991,18(2):31
    张朝芳,章绍尧.浙江植物志第一卷[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,1993.(1):27—28.
    张朝芳.蕨类植物室内观赏.植物杂志,1991,18(2):24-25
    张朝芳.蕨类植物栽培技术.蕨类植物室内观赏.植物杂志,1991,18(2):20-21,24-25
    张金文,牛俊义,培养基质、赤霉素和硼对蕨菜孢子萌发成苗的影响的研究.草业学报,1999,8(1):62—68
    张庆费,夏檑,钱又宇.城市绿化植物耐性的诊断指标体系及其应用.中国园林,2000,16(72):93—95
    张若蕙,楼炉焕,李根有,等.浙江省的珍稀濒危植物.杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,1994,1—16
    张宪春.我国的蕨类植物杂交种.生物学通报,1993,28(3):11—12
    
    
    郑若仙.彩叶凤尾蕨的孢子离体繁殖与组织培养.植物杂志,1992,(2):8
    中国科学院植物研究所主编.中国珍稀濒危植物.上海教育出版社,1989,1-13
    周厚高.广西观赏蕨类植物资源与引种研究.气象出版社,2002
    Beck M J, et al. The effects of kinetin and NAA on in vitro shoot multiplication and rooting in the fishtail fern[J].Amet J Bot.,1983,70(1):1-7
    Bertrand A. M.,M.A. A Bbuerne, H. Fernandez. In vitro organogenesis of Polypodium cambricum. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture,1999,57:65-69
    Bjorkman O. et al. Adapataibility of the photosynthetic apparatus to light intensity in ecotypes from exposed and shsded habitat[J]. Pyhsiol. Plantarum. 1963, 16(4):889-914
    Camloh M, et al. In vitro culture of Platycerium bifurcatum gametophytes[J]. Scientia Hortclture, 1992,51:343-346
    Camloh M, et al. Plant regeneration from leaf explants of the fern Platycerium bifureatum in vitro[J]. Scientia Hortclture, 1994,56:257-266
    Camloh M, et al. Jasmolic acid stimulates development of rhizoides and shoots in fern leaf culture[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 1999,155(6):798-801
    Camloh M. Spore age and steriliation affects germinafion and early development of platycerium bifurcatum[J].Americsn Fern Journal, 1999,89(2):124-132
    Camloh M., Ravnikar M, Zel J. Jasmonic acid promotes division of fern protoplasts, elongation of rhizoids and early development of gametophytes[J]. Physiologai Plantarum, 1996, 97(4):659-664
    Chia S, Raghavan V. New Abscisic-acid effects onspore germination and protonemal growth in the fern, Mohria caffrorum[J]. New Phytologist, 1982,92(1):31-37
    Cooke R C. Homogenization as an aid in tissue culture propagation of Platycerium and Dadallia[J]. Hortscience, 1979,14(1):21-22
    Douglas D E, ET AL. A new technique for the culture of fern gametophytes[J].Plant Cell Reports, 1990, (8);632-634
    Dykeman B W, et al. In vitro propagation of the ostrich fern (Matteuacia struthiopteris)[J]. Can J Plant Sci., 1985,65:1025-1032
    Fernandez H, Bertrand AM, Feito I, et al. Gametophyte culture in vitro and antheridiogen activity in Blechnum spicant[J]. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 1997,50(1):71-74
    Fernandez H, et al. In vitro regeneration of A splennium nidus L. from gametophytic and sporophytic tissue[J]. Scientia Hortclture, 1993,56:71-77
    
    
    H. Fernandez, A. M Bertrand & R. Sanchez-Tames Biological and nutritional aspects involved in fern multiplication. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 1999,56:211-214
    H. Fernandez, A.M Bertrand & R. Sanchez-Tames. Influence of tissue culture conditions on apogamy in Dryopteris affinis sp. affinis. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 1996,45:93-97
    Hau Hwa Kwa, Yeow-Chin Wee, Tit-Meng Lim, and P. Kumar IAA-induced apogamy in Platycerium coronarium gametophytes cultured in vitro. Plant Cell Reports,1995,14:598-602
    Haupt W, Leopold K, Scheuerlein R. Light induced fern-spore germination-Effects of spore age on responsivity to light[J]. Journal of photochemistry and Photobiology, 1988, 1(4):415-427
    Haupt W. Effects of nutrients and light pretreatment on phytochrome-mediated fern-spore germination[J]. Planta, 1985, 164:63-68
    Helena Fernandez, Ana Maria Bertrand, and Ricardo Sanchez-Tames Gemmation in cultured gametophytes of Osmunda regalis. Plant Cell Reports.1997,16:358-362
    Helena Fernandez, Ana Maria Bertrand, and Ricardo Sanchez-Tames Plantlet regeneration in Asplenium nidus L. and Pteris ensiformis L. by homogenization of BA treated rhizomes. Scientia Horticulturae, 1997, 68:243-247
    Helena Fernandez, Ana Maria Bertrand, and Ricardo Sanchez-Tames. Micropropagationand phase change in Blechnum spicant and Pteris ensiformis. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 1996,44:261-265
    Hickok L G, Waarne T R, Fribourg R S. The biology of the fern Ceratopteris and its use as a model system. Int. J. Plant Sci.,1995,156(3):332-345
    Higuchi H, et al. Effects of 6-BA on the organgenesis of Asplennium nidus L. through in vitro propagation[J]. Scientia Hortclture, 1989,37:351-359
    Higuchi H, et al. In vitro propagation of Nephrolepsis cordifoli Prself[J]. Scientia Hortclture, 1987,32:105-113
    Janssens J, et al. In vitro multiplication of Blechnum spp. and Pelaea rotundifolia Hook by homogenization[J].Scientia Hortclture, 1998,38:161-164
    Jo Ann Banks. Gametophyte development in ferns. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. & Plant Mol. Biol. 1999,50:163-186
    Kagawa T, Sugai M. Involvement of Gibberellicacid in phytochrome-mediated spore germination of fern Lygodium japonicum [J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 1991,
    
    138(3):299-303
    Kanegae T, Wada M. Isolation and characterization of homologues of plant blue-light photoreceptor (cryptochrome) genes from the fern Adiantum capillus-veneris. Mol. Gen. Genet.,1998,259(4):345-353
    Knauss J F. A partial culture method for pathogen-free propagation of selected ferns from spores[J].Proc Fla State Hort. Soc. 1976,89:363-365
    Korpelainen H. Labile sex expression in plants. Biol. Rev. Cambridge Philosophic. Soc. 1998, 73(2): 157-180
    Lee Hyunsuk, et al. Morphological characteristics and spore culture in vitro of Osmunda cinnamonea var. fokimesis Copel nd O. japonica Thunb[J].Hort. Abs.,1998,69(8):952
    Loescher W H, et al. Development in vitro of Nephrolepis exaltala cv. Bostoniensis runner tissues[J].Physiol Plant, 1979,47:250-254
    Macself A.J., V. M. H. Ferns for Garden and Greenhouse. London:W. H. & L. Collingridge Ltd., 1952
    Momose, S. Studies on the gametophyte of ferns((ⅩⅩⅣ). On the characteristics of spore of ferns and their systematic merits. Journ. Jap. Bot. 1942,18(2):21-37
    Nayar & Kaur. Gametophytes of homosporous ferns. Botany Review, 1971,37(3):295-396.
    Nayar, B.K. Morphology of the gametophyte and young sporophyte of Matteuccia orientalis.Jour. Indian. Bot. Soc. 1961,40:502-510
    Nayar, B.K. & N. Baipai.Morphology of the gametophytes of species of Pallaea and Notholaena. J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.), 1998, 59:63-76
    Nayar, B.K..The morphology of some species of Cheilanthes. J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 1963,58:449-460
    Nayar, B. K. Morphology of the spores prothaili and juveniles sporophytes of Dryopteris J. Sm. Current Science.1960,10:380-382
    Ong BL, Koh CK, Wee YC. Effects of CO2 on growth and phytosynthesis of Pyrrosia piloselloides(L.) Price gametopytes[J], phytosynthetica, 1998,35(1):21-27
    Perez G, Orozco S, Riba R. The effects of white fluorescent light, far-red light, darkness, and moisture on spore germination of Lygodium heterodoxum [J]. American Journal of Botony, 1994, 81:1367-1369
    Philip Perl. Ferns. Nederland:Time-Life Books, 1979
    Ranal MA. Effects of temperature on spore germination in some fern species from semideciduous mesophytic forest[J]. American Fern Journal, 1999, 89(2):149-158
    Sara S C, et al. Regenaration in KT-treatde gametophytes of N. multiflora[J]. Current
    
    Science, 1998,75(5):503-508
    Savita G, et al. Effects of CTK on spore germination in Adiatum capillus-venevis L.[J]. Phytomophyology, 1991 41(1)115-120
    Schraudolf H, et al. Temperature effects on growth, morphogenesis and antheridium differentiation of Amenia pyhlltidis L. [J]. Beitrage zur Biologieder Pflanzen, 1993, (3)475-483
    Stokey, A. G. &L. R. Atkinson. The gametophyte of the Osmundaceae. Phytomorphology, 1956,6:19-34
    Thakur R C, ET AL. Rapid invitro propagation of Mattenccia struthiopteris-an edible fern[J]. Plant Cell Rep. 1998,18(3):203-208
    Thakur. R.C.Y. Hosoi. K. Ishii. Rapid in vitro propagation of Matteuccia struthiopteris Todaro-an edible fern. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture,1998,18:203-208
    Wang H M, et al. Spore germination, Prothallus growth and gametophyte development of Adiantum capillus under in vitro and soilless culture conditions[J]. China horticulture, 1999, (45):353-360
    Wee Y. CHIN. Ferns of the Tropics. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press, 1998

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700