引信低粗糙度零件化学镀镍工艺技术研究
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摘要
由于军品订货量的剧增,新产品层出不穷,新工艺的大量应用,对产品质量要求加严。在此过程中,低粗糙度零件不断表现出新的质量问题,例如:起皮、起泡等。其直接影响到产品的质量,为此企业付出了高昂的代价。低粗糙度零件工艺技术研究,首先,从化学镀镍反应的热力学、动力学原理,及零件材质的分析,对低粗糙度零件选择合适的表面处理镀前处理工艺,即除油(碱液除油、电化学除油)工艺、光亮酸洗工艺等,确定合理的镀前处理工艺流程;其次,根据产品零件粗糙度的要求,进行零件表面的粗化处理,以提高镀层与基体金属的结合力,并防止镀层出现针孔现象;最后,根据黄铜零件的热膨胀系数与化学镀镍层的热膨胀系数不同,选择了预镀铜工艺,增加了过渡层,防止镀后零件在加热处理和在装配现场出现起皮现象。同时将此次的工艺技术应用于生产实际,对经此工艺进行化学镀镍处理后零件进行了结合力测试、耐化学腐蚀性测试、耐色变性测试和孔隙率测试等性能试验,测试镍层各种性能均符合产品要求。
通过试验解决了低粗糙度零件化学镀镍层结合力差的问题,及在化学镀镍过程中出现的镀层起泡和针孔等各种技术问题,给以后化学镀镍的推广使用提供了参考。
Due to the rapid increase in military orders, an endless stream of new products, so that a large number of applications of new technology, product quality and strict demands. In the process, low roughness parts continue to demonstrate the quality of new issues, such as: skin effect, such as foaming. Its direct impact on the quality of products, this business has paid a high price. Low roughness parts The technology, first of all, from the chemical reaction of nickel thermodynamics, dynamics, materials, parts and components analysis of low roughness parts to choose a suitable surface treatment before the plating process, that is, oil (oil lye, Apart from the electrochemical) technology, light pickling process and the rough treatment, and other technology to determine a reasonable pre-plating process; Secondly, according to the roughness of the requirements of the product parts, parts of the rough surface treatment to enhance the bonding, coating to prevent the emergence of the phenomenon of pinhole; Finally, in accordance with brass parts of the coefficient of thermal expansion and chemical nickel coating of thermal expansion coefficient of different choices Pre-process the copper, an increase of transition layer to prevent post-plating parts in the assembly and heat treatment at the scene appeared from the phenomenon of skin. And the technology used in the production and use in the process of the low roughness parts for the chemical processing of nickel-plated, after parts of the chemical nickel coating for the bonding tests, corrosion-resistant chemical testing , The mere mention of resistance testing and porosity testing performance test, test a variety of nickel-performance products that are in line with the request.
Through the test solution to the low roughness parts in the chemical nickel coating process of blistering and pinhole and other technical problems, and the chemical nickel coating bonding poor, after the chemical to promote the use of nickel plating to provide a reference .
通过试验解决了低粗糙度零件化学镀镍层结合力差的问题,及在化学镀镍过程中出现的镀层起泡和针孔等各种技术问题,给以后化学镀镍的推广使用提供了参考。
Due to the rapid increase in military orders, an endless stream of new products, so that a large number of applications of new technology, product quality and strict demands. In the process, low roughness parts continue to demonstrate the quality of new issues, such as: skin effect, such as foaming. Its direct impact on the quality of products, this business has paid a high price. Low roughness parts The technology, first of all, from the chemical reaction of nickel thermodynamics, dynamics, materials, parts and components analysis of low roughness parts to choose a suitable surface treatment before the plating process, that is, oil (oil lye, Apart from the electrochemical) technology, light pickling process and the rough treatment, and other technology to determine a reasonable pre-plating process; Secondly, according to the roughness of the requirements of the product parts, parts of the rough surface treatment to enhance the bonding, coating to prevent the emergence of the phenomenon of pinhole; Finally, in accordance with brass parts of the coefficient of thermal expansion and chemical nickel coating of thermal expansion coefficient of different choices Pre-process the copper, an increase of transition layer to prevent post-plating parts in the assembly and heat treatment at the scene appeared from the phenomenon of skin. And the technology used in the production and use in the process of the low roughness parts for the chemical processing of nickel-plated, after parts of the chemical nickel coating for the bonding tests, corrosion-resistant chemical testing , The mere mention of resistance testing and porosity testing performance test, test a variety of nickel-performance products that are in line with the request.
Through the test solution to the low roughness parts in the chemical nickel coating process of blistering and pinhole and other technical problems, and the chemical nickel coating bonding poor, after the chemical to promote the use of nickel plating to provide a reference .
引文
1 王尚义.电镀故障分析与处理.第1版.北京:化学工业出版社,2007
2 陈天玉.镀镍工艺基础.第1版.北京:化学工业出版社,2006
3 周菜延.化学镀镍的原理与工艺.第1版.北京:机械工业出版社,1975
4 张三元.用H_2O_2-H_2SO_4混合酸洗或化学抛光铜及铜合金;第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
5 李宁.化学镀实用技术.第1版.北京:化学工业出版社,2003
6 张育才.硅片背面镀镍后去黑胶新方法.半导体技术.1986(5):17
7 叶智军.化学镀镍层起泡脱皮原因分析及解决方法.表面技术.2006
8 杨艳红,吴晓红.化学镀镍新工艺的应用及前景展望;首届国际(西安)涂料、涂装、表面工程高层论坛论文集(第三分册 电镀及热喷涂).2005
9 胡信国.无污染化学镀镍技术的最新发展.2002北京电镀行业清洁生产研讨会论文集.2002
10 黄岳山,岑人经,岑杳容,林小军.高光整化学镀Ni-P合金工艺研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
11 张钦京,杨德钧.12年回顾——我国化学镀技术交流与发展巡礼.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
12 杜敏,高荣杰,蒲艳丽,孙晓霞,韦立毅.化学镀镍液寿命研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
13 荆慧,吕广庶,蔡刚毅.不同类型化学镀层对耐磨性的影响.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集,2004.
14 崔国峰,李宁,黎德育.化学镀镍过程中磷析出机理的研究.第十三次全国电化学会议论文摘要集(下集).2005
15 蔡修凯,李成美,杨德平,陈景博.化学镀镍磷合金工艺研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
16 张天顺,张晶秋.化学镀Ni-Cu-P合金工艺研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
17 赵婉惠.铝件直接化学镀镍前处理新工艺.2005(贵阳)表面工程技术创新研讨会论文集.2005
18 李琦.电镀工艺.第2版.沈阳:沈阳工业出版社,1997
19 张允诚.电镀手册.第2版.北京:机械工业出版社,1997
20 叶智军.化学镀镍层起泡脱皮原因分析及解决方法.表面技术,2006
21 闫德水.光亮电镀结合力分析及其故障排除.新技术新工艺.1989(6):37-38
22 胡信国.化学镀镍新技术及其在工业中的应用.电镀与精饰.1998(2):30-32
23 胡信国.化学镀镍的发展前景.电镀与精饰.1995(3):4
24 王宇非,徐春,郭示欣,金东升.直升飞机齿轮化学镀镍工艺.电镀与涂饰.2001(2):19-21
25 沈伟.化学镀镍产业所面临的挑战.表面工程资讯.2004(5):15-16
26 沈伟.化学镀镍的质量控制和故障处理(5).材料保护.1995(9):42-45
27 胡信国,张钦京.美国化学镀镍年会论文综述.电镀与涂饰.2003(2):38-40
28 陆剑芳.化学镀镍连续生产工艺研究.电镀与涂饰.2002(5):32-36
29 刘纪炎.关于化学镀镍的前处理原则.天津化工.1995(1):36-37
30 李春露.化学镀镍的工业应用.表面工程资讯.2005(2):4-5
31 储荣邦.化学镀镍-锡-磷技术在山东通过鉴定.材料保护.2003(1):9
32 吴其毅.谈电镀故障处理的逻辑过程.电镀与环保.1991(1):4-5
33 胡景波.电镀技术在机械制造业的应用及发展.电镀与环保.1991(1):6-10
34 罗时英.喷砂对镀层结合力的影响.电镀与环保.1991(1):18
35 李惠东.化学镀镍层耐蚀性的电化学研究.材料保护.1992(1):15-16
36 李国英.表面工程手册.第1版.北京:化学工业出版社,1997
37 郭赛蓉.光亮电镀阳极材料--含磷铜球.上海金属.1987(2):18-20
38 雄毅.喷射电沉积纳米晶镍的研究.电镀与精饰.2002(5):12-13
39 伍学高,李铭华.化学镀技术.1994
40 HoriutiM,et al.Ultral-black film and Method of manufactuing the same.US 5083222,1992
41 Deguchi T.Surface treatment of high-nickel/iron alloy steel plate for 42Greeson R L,etal.Substrate having high absorptance and emittance black electroless nickel coating and a process for producing the same.US 4511614,1985
2 陈天玉.镀镍工艺基础.第1版.北京:化学工业出版社,2006
3 周菜延.化学镀镍的原理与工艺.第1版.北京:机械工业出版社,1975
4 张三元.用H_2O_2-H_2SO_4混合酸洗或化学抛光铜及铜合金;第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
5 李宁.化学镀实用技术.第1版.北京:化学工业出版社,2003
6 张育才.硅片背面镀镍后去黑胶新方法.半导体技术.1986(5):17
7 叶智军.化学镀镍层起泡脱皮原因分析及解决方法.表面技术.2006
8 杨艳红,吴晓红.化学镀镍新工艺的应用及前景展望;首届国际(西安)涂料、涂装、表面工程高层论坛论文集(第三分册 电镀及热喷涂).2005
9 胡信国.无污染化学镀镍技术的最新发展.2002北京电镀行业清洁生产研讨会论文集.2002
10 黄岳山,岑人经,岑杳容,林小军.高光整化学镀Ni-P合金工艺研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
11 张钦京,杨德钧.12年回顾——我国化学镀技术交流与发展巡礼.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
12 杜敏,高荣杰,蒲艳丽,孙晓霞,韦立毅.化学镀镍液寿命研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
13 荆慧,吕广庶,蔡刚毅.不同类型化学镀层对耐磨性的影响.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集,2004.
14 崔国峰,李宁,黎德育.化学镀镍过程中磷析出机理的研究.第十三次全国电化学会议论文摘要集(下集).2005
15 蔡修凯,李成美,杨德平,陈景博.化学镀镍磷合金工艺研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
16 张天顺,张晶秋.化学镀Ni-Cu-P合金工艺研究.第七届全国化学镀会议论文集.2004
17 赵婉惠.铝件直接化学镀镍前处理新工艺.2005(贵阳)表面工程技术创新研讨会论文集.2005
18 李琦.电镀工艺.第2版.沈阳:沈阳工业出版社,1997
19 张允诚.电镀手册.第2版.北京:机械工业出版社,1997
20 叶智军.化学镀镍层起泡脱皮原因分析及解决方法.表面技术,2006
21 闫德水.光亮电镀结合力分析及其故障排除.新技术新工艺.1989(6):37-38
22 胡信国.化学镀镍新技术及其在工业中的应用.电镀与精饰.1998(2):30-32
23 胡信国.化学镀镍的发展前景.电镀与精饰.1995(3):4
24 王宇非,徐春,郭示欣,金东升.直升飞机齿轮化学镀镍工艺.电镀与涂饰.2001(2):19-21
25 沈伟.化学镀镍产业所面临的挑战.表面工程资讯.2004(5):15-16
26 沈伟.化学镀镍的质量控制和故障处理(5).材料保护.1995(9):42-45
27 胡信国,张钦京.美国化学镀镍年会论文综述.电镀与涂饰.2003(2):38-40
28 陆剑芳.化学镀镍连续生产工艺研究.电镀与涂饰.2002(5):32-36
29 刘纪炎.关于化学镀镍的前处理原则.天津化工.1995(1):36-37
30 李春露.化学镀镍的工业应用.表面工程资讯.2005(2):4-5
31 储荣邦.化学镀镍-锡-磷技术在山东通过鉴定.材料保护.2003(1):9
32 吴其毅.谈电镀故障处理的逻辑过程.电镀与环保.1991(1):4-5
33 胡景波.电镀技术在机械制造业的应用及发展.电镀与环保.1991(1):6-10
34 罗时英.喷砂对镀层结合力的影响.电镀与环保.1991(1):18
35 李惠东.化学镀镍层耐蚀性的电化学研究.材料保护.1992(1):15-16
36 李国英.表面工程手册.第1版.北京:化学工业出版社,1997
37 郭赛蓉.光亮电镀阳极材料--含磷铜球.上海金属.1987(2):18-20
38 雄毅.喷射电沉积纳米晶镍的研究.电镀与精饰.2002(5):12-13
39 伍学高,李铭华.化学镀技术.1994
40 HoriutiM,et al.Ultral-black film and Method of manufactuing the same.US 5083222,1992
41 Deguchi T.Surface treatment of high-nickel/iron alloy steel plate for 42Greeson R L,etal.Substrate having high absorptance and emittance black electroless nickel coating and a process for producing the same.US 4511614,1985