多功能清雪车中铲仿真分析与实验研究
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摘要
中国北方冬季时间长,降雪量大,如果不及时清除积雪,将严重影响交通安全,给人民日常生活带来诸多不便。多功能清雪车的研制,将对城市在冬季有一个良好的交通和卫生环境,保障道路的畅通,减少交通事故,满足高速公路、普通公路、市区道路养护的需要,有重要的实用价值,对国民经济的发展有重要意义。
本文通过对多功能清雪车工作原理和雪的物理机械性质的研究,确立了清雪车的基本方案,对中铲进行结构参数设计,分析中铲工作阻力,并运用MATLAB 软件对中铲进行仿真动力学分析,进行了样机实验。研究结果表明,多功能清雪车设计的基本方案是可行的,中铲铲形的选择是正确的,中铲结构参数设计合理,工作阻力分析正确,计算公式可用,实验表明多功能清雪车达到了较理想的清雪效果,有广泛应用前景。
Winter lasts for a long time in the cold areas of northern China. A great amount of snow falls there each year. Therefore, if the accumulated snow cannot be removed and cleaned in time, it will severely affect the safety of the transportation and bring out a lot of inconveniences to the people’s daily life. The manufacture of the multifunctional snow-moving machine will be found of important and practical value in forming good transportation and hygiene environment in winter, in ensuring the unblocked roads, in reducing the traffic accidents, in meeting the needs on the maintenance of superhighways and common highways. But then, it is of great significance to the development of the national economy.
The thesis is devoted to a close study of the working principle of the multifunctional snow-moving machine and the physics mechanical quality of snow. It has established the basic project of the multifunctional snow-moving machine. The structure parameter towards the middle shovel is designed; The working resistance towards the middle shovel is analysed; The analysis on emulational dynamics is put up by making use of the MATKAB software; The sample machine is tested and experimented. The result of the research has shown: It is viable for the basic project of the multifunctional snow-moving machine; It is correct to choose the plough type of shovel as the middle shovel; It is reasonable of the design of structure parameter; It is right about the analysis on working resistance; It is available for the calculational expressions; The experiment has shown that the multifunctional snow-moving machine has achieved an ideal effect and will have an extensive applied foreground.
本文通过对多功能清雪车工作原理和雪的物理机械性质的研究,确立了清雪车的基本方案,对中铲进行结构参数设计,分析中铲工作阻力,并运用MATLAB 软件对中铲进行仿真动力学分析,进行了样机实验。研究结果表明,多功能清雪车设计的基本方案是可行的,中铲铲形的选择是正确的,中铲结构参数设计合理,工作阻力分析正确,计算公式可用,实验表明多功能清雪车达到了较理想的清雪效果,有广泛应用前景。
Winter lasts for a long time in the cold areas of northern China. A great amount of snow falls there each year. Therefore, if the accumulated snow cannot be removed and cleaned in time, it will severely affect the safety of the transportation and bring out a lot of inconveniences to the people’s daily life. The manufacture of the multifunctional snow-moving machine will be found of important and practical value in forming good transportation and hygiene environment in winter, in ensuring the unblocked roads, in reducing the traffic accidents, in meeting the needs on the maintenance of superhighways and common highways. But then, it is of great significance to the development of the national economy.
The thesis is devoted to a close study of the working principle of the multifunctional snow-moving machine and the physics mechanical quality of snow. It has established the basic project of the multifunctional snow-moving machine. The structure parameter towards the middle shovel is designed; The working resistance towards the middle shovel is analysed; The analysis on emulational dynamics is put up by making use of the MATKAB software; The sample machine is tested and experimented. The result of the research has shown: It is viable for the basic project of the multifunctional snow-moving machine; It is correct to choose the plough type of shovel as the middle shovel; It is reasonable of the design of structure parameter; It is right about the analysis on working resistance; It is available for the calculational expressions; The experiment has shown that the multifunctional snow-moving machine has achieved an ideal effect and will have an extensive applied foreground.
引文
[1 ]崔宪江编译,除雪机械,人民交通出版社,1988 年。
[2] 同济大学,铲土运输机械,中国建筑工业出版社,1987 年。
[3] 张长荣,振动压裂式破冰雪机的研制,筑路机械与施工机械化,1999年,第6 期。
[4] 王智明,张连富,张天蔚,中国除雪机械现状及发展趋势,筑路机械与施工机械化,1996 年,第6 期。
[5] 王智明,郑午等,国内外除雪机械技术现状及发展趋势,长春科技大学学报,1999 年,第29 卷。
[6] 王振,国内除雪除冰机械现状邹议,工程机械,2002 年,第7期。
[7] 王波,高效环保的机场跑道除冰液,民航科技,2000 年,第3期。
[8] 廉在燮,谢根宝,高速公路除冰机械的探讨,吉林交通科技,1994年,第1 期。
[9] 张哲,王潮海,美国公路冬季养护新技术,吉林交通科技,2000年,第1期。
[10] 彭旭东,冰雪路面汽车轮胎的摩擦机理研究,汽车技术,1998 年,第4 期。
[11] 瓜景云,路面冰雪清除装置,筑路机械与施工机械,1989 年,第2 期。
[12] 刘杰,郑训,公路工程机械的合理使用—装载机,工程机械与维修,1997 年,第6 期。
[13] 高存厚,陆季挺,道路冰雪清除方法及其运用,山东交通科技,2000 年,第2 期。
[14] 魏玉新,李雷,冰雪清除法与产品开发,机械工程师,1999 年,第3 期。
[15] 杨晋生,铲土运输机械设计,机械工业出版社,1981 年。
[16] 王国安,除雪机械结构原理和计算要点,建筑机械化,1995 年,第1 期。
[17]石博强、滕贵法等,MATLAB 数学计算范例教程,中国铁道出版社,2004 年。
[18]郝文化,MATLAB 图形图像处理应用教程,中国水利水电出版社,2004 年。
[19] “Take special precaution to keep snow removal equipment efficient and safe ”,Cleaning & Maintenance Management,2001,37(9)
[20] By Bob Tracinski,“Snow removal safety”,Cleaning Maintenance Management,2001,36(9)
[21] “NEW SNOW REMOVAL GADGETS GET CONCEPT TEST ”,Better roads,2000,70(12).
[22] “NIMBLE SNOWPLOW TRUCKS SIZED FOR EXPANDING JJURBAN INTERFACE ZONES”,Public Works,2000,131(8).
[23] Tan, Han-Shue:Bougler, Benodicte, Snowplow steering quidence system using roadway markers-problem formulation and solution concept, Vehicle System Dynamics,1999;32(1).
[24] Kanemura, Naotoshi, Road snow removal and the snowfall information system in the City of Sapporo, Transportion Research Record,1998(1627).
[25] Campbell, James F: Langevin, Andre,Operations management for urban snow removal and disposal, Transportation Research, Part A: Policy and Practice,1995,29(5).
[26] Fleege, E.J;Blackburn, R.R.,Spreader , equipment for anti-icing, Transportion Research Record, 1995(1509).
[27] Debbie L.Feldman, Developing Technology Improves Snow and Ice Control ,Public Works,1999,130(4).
[28] Arshinov V, Alekseev G. Metal Cutting Theory and Cutting Tool Design. Moscow. 1976.
[29] 周四新,中文AutoCAD2002/2004 综合培训教程,机械工业出版社,2004 年。
[30]和青芳,Pro/E 野火版产品设计与机构动力学分析,机械工业出版社,2004 年。
[31] 周四新,Pro/Engineer Wildfire 基础设计,机械工业出版社,2004 年。
[32] 秦丽芳,乌天峰,振动压实机械,人民交通出版社,1989 年。
[33] 陈元基等,压实机械与路面机械设计,机械工业出版社,1987 年。
[34] 柯大昭,李倩梅,成形刀具设计,广西人民出版社,1981 年。
[35] 陆剑中,孙家宁,金属切削原理与刀具,机械工业出版社,1991年。
[36] 张光裕,许纯新,工程机械底盘设计,机械工业出版社,1988 年。
[37] 马文星,邓洪超,筑路与养护路机械,化学工业出版社,2005 年。
[38] 汪铁民著,工程机械动力学基础,中国铁道出版社,1984 年。
[39] 肖诗纲编,刀具材料及合理选择,机械工业出版社,1981 年。
[2] 同济大学,铲土运输机械,中国建筑工业出版社,1987 年。
[3] 张长荣,振动压裂式破冰雪机的研制,筑路机械与施工机械化,1999年,第6 期。
[4] 王智明,张连富,张天蔚,中国除雪机械现状及发展趋势,筑路机械与施工机械化,1996 年,第6 期。
[5] 王智明,郑午等,国内外除雪机械技术现状及发展趋势,长春科技大学学报,1999 年,第29 卷。
[6] 王振,国内除雪除冰机械现状邹议,工程机械,2002 年,第7期。
[7] 王波,高效环保的机场跑道除冰液,民航科技,2000 年,第3期。
[8] 廉在燮,谢根宝,高速公路除冰机械的探讨,吉林交通科技,1994年,第1 期。
[9] 张哲,王潮海,美国公路冬季养护新技术,吉林交通科技,2000年,第1期。
[10] 彭旭东,冰雪路面汽车轮胎的摩擦机理研究,汽车技术,1998 年,第4 期。
[11] 瓜景云,路面冰雪清除装置,筑路机械与施工机械,1989 年,第2 期。
[12] 刘杰,郑训,公路工程机械的合理使用—装载机,工程机械与维修,1997 年,第6 期。
[13] 高存厚,陆季挺,道路冰雪清除方法及其运用,山东交通科技,2000 年,第2 期。
[14] 魏玉新,李雷,冰雪清除法与产品开发,机械工程师,1999 年,第3 期。
[15] 杨晋生,铲土运输机械设计,机械工业出版社,1981 年。
[16] 王国安,除雪机械结构原理和计算要点,建筑机械化,1995 年,第1 期。
[17]石博强、滕贵法等,MATLAB 数学计算范例教程,中国铁道出版社,2004 年。
[18]郝文化,MATLAB 图形图像处理应用教程,中国水利水电出版社,2004 年。
[19] “Take special precaution to keep snow removal equipment efficient and safe ”,Cleaning & Maintenance Management,2001,37(9)
[20] By Bob Tracinski,“Snow removal safety”,Cleaning Maintenance Management,2001,36(9)
[21] “NEW SNOW REMOVAL GADGETS GET CONCEPT TEST ”,Better roads,2000,70(12).
[22] “NIMBLE SNOWPLOW TRUCKS SIZED FOR EXPANDING JJURBAN INTERFACE ZONES”,Public Works,2000,131(8).
[23] Tan, Han-Shue:Bougler, Benodicte, Snowplow steering quidence system using roadway markers-problem formulation and solution concept, Vehicle System Dynamics,1999;32(1).
[24] Kanemura, Naotoshi, Road snow removal and the snowfall information system in the City of Sapporo, Transportion Research Record,1998(1627).
[25] Campbell, James F: Langevin, Andre,Operations management for urban snow removal and disposal, Transportation Research, Part A: Policy and Practice,1995,29(5).
[26] Fleege, E.J;Blackburn, R.R.,Spreader , equipment for anti-icing, Transportion Research Record, 1995(1509).
[27] Debbie L.Feldman, Developing Technology Improves Snow and Ice Control ,Public Works,1999,130(4).
[28] Arshinov V, Alekseev G. Metal Cutting Theory and Cutting Tool Design. Moscow. 1976.
[29] 周四新,中文AutoCAD2002/2004 综合培训教程,机械工业出版社,2004 年。
[30]和青芳,Pro/E 野火版产品设计与机构动力学分析,机械工业出版社,2004 年。
[31] 周四新,Pro/Engineer Wildfire 基础设计,机械工业出版社,2004 年。
[32] 秦丽芳,乌天峰,振动压实机械,人民交通出版社,1989 年。
[33] 陈元基等,压实机械与路面机械设计,机械工业出版社,1987 年。
[34] 柯大昭,李倩梅,成形刀具设计,广西人民出版社,1981 年。
[35] 陆剑中,孙家宁,金属切削原理与刀具,机械工业出版社,1991年。
[36] 张光裕,许纯新,工程机械底盘设计,机械工业出版社,1988 年。
[37] 马文星,邓洪超,筑路与养护路机械,化学工业出版社,2005 年。
[38] 汪铁民著,工程机械动力学基础,中国铁道出版社,1984 年。
[39] 肖诗纲编,刀具材料及合理选择,机械工业出版社,1981 年。