重叠型复眼光学系统的研究
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摘要
近年来,受动物界昆虫复眼的启发,科学家提出了相应的人工仿生复眼光学系统。将目前广泛使用的单孔径光学系统用象复眼一样的多孔径光学系统所代替,从而达到使整个系统小型化、轻量化、增大视场的目的。与并列复眼相比,重叠复眼有更高的光能量利用率和更高的灵敏度,但是,重叠型复眼结构复杂,特别是其晶锥部分的渐变折射率介质(GRIN),在建模仿真时,比均匀介质要复杂得多;而且在实际制作过程中,对微型化的GRIN介质的折射率控制也十分困难,将其精确地沿一曲面阵列排列也不易实现。这些问题大大阻碍了人工仿生重叠型复眼的研究与发展。
针对以上问题,本文首先在研究生物界中存在的复眼结构及各自的工作原理的基础上,根据生物解剖学原理,建立了人工重叠型复眼的光学模型,并利用Zemax软件分析了人工重叠型复眼的光学特性;其次在研究GRIN介质特性的基础上,设计了由GRIN介质构成的重叠型复眼光学系统,并对其进行了优化,提高了光能量利用率。然后研究了利用曲面微透镜阵列代替GRIN介质的设计方法,并利用三层曲面微透镜阵列设计了重叠型复眼。最后,在平面微透镜制作工艺的基础上,提出在曲面基底上制作微透镜阵列的工艺流程,为下一步研制人工重叠型复眼光学系统打下良好的基础。
本文工作使建模与分析过程大大简化,也使得人工仿生重叠复眼的各个组件在制作工艺上更容易实现。
Today, inspired by the compound eye in the insect filed, the artificial compound eye optical system was put forward. Specifically, the goal of making the whole system have lighter weight, smaller volume and larger FOV can be achieved by using the multi-aperture optical system, just like the compound eye optical system, instead of the common single-aperture optical system.Compared with the apposition compound eye, the superposition compound eye has much higher optical energy using ratio and much greater sensitivity. Nevertheless, the structure of superposition compound eye is relatively complicated, particularly the GRIN medium in the crystalline cone, when the superposition compound eye is modeled and analyzed, it is much more difficult than the apposition compound eye . And actually, the index control of micro GRIN medium as is difficult, the high-precise alignment in the curved array form is not easy. All those are the bottleneck problems in the artificial superposition compound eye development.
Accordingly, the major works are following as:
Firstly, base on the research of the compound eye optical system and their principles in the insect field, and their biology resule, the superposition compound eye was modeled . Based on the ZEMAX software, the character of the model was analyzed. And then, base on the research of the GRIN character, a compound eye optical system consist of the GRIN was designed, and optimized, its optical energy using ratio was enhanced. And then, the artificial superposition compound eye optical system consisting of three curved micro-lens array has been designed and analyzed. Finally, base on the the technique of making the micro-lens array on the planar surface, the technique of making the micro-lens array on the curved surface has been studied, and that is the important basement of the fabrication of the artificial superposition compound eye optical system.
This paper make the modeling and the analyzing easier, and make the fabrication of the key elements easier.
针对以上问题,本文首先在研究生物界中存在的复眼结构及各自的工作原理的基础上,根据生物解剖学原理,建立了人工重叠型复眼的光学模型,并利用Zemax软件分析了人工重叠型复眼的光学特性;其次在研究GRIN介质特性的基础上,设计了由GRIN介质构成的重叠型复眼光学系统,并对其进行了优化,提高了光能量利用率。然后研究了利用曲面微透镜阵列代替GRIN介质的设计方法,并利用三层曲面微透镜阵列设计了重叠型复眼。最后,在平面微透镜制作工艺的基础上,提出在曲面基底上制作微透镜阵列的工艺流程,为下一步研制人工重叠型复眼光学系统打下良好的基础。
本文工作使建模与分析过程大大简化,也使得人工仿生重叠复眼的各个组件在制作工艺上更容易实现。
Today, inspired by the compound eye in the insect filed, the artificial compound eye optical system was put forward. Specifically, the goal of making the whole system have lighter weight, smaller volume and larger FOV can be achieved by using the multi-aperture optical system, just like the compound eye optical system, instead of the common single-aperture optical system.Compared with the apposition compound eye, the superposition compound eye has much higher optical energy using ratio and much greater sensitivity. Nevertheless, the structure of superposition compound eye is relatively complicated, particularly the GRIN medium in the crystalline cone, when the superposition compound eye is modeled and analyzed, it is much more difficult than the apposition compound eye . And actually, the index control of micro GRIN medium as is difficult, the high-precise alignment in the curved array form is not easy. All those are the bottleneck problems in the artificial superposition compound eye development.
Accordingly, the major works are following as:
Firstly, base on the research of the compound eye optical system and their principles in the insect field, and their biology resule, the superposition compound eye was modeled . Based on the ZEMAX software, the character of the model was analyzed. And then, base on the research of the GRIN character, a compound eye optical system consist of the GRIN was designed, and optimized, its optical energy using ratio was enhanced. And then, the artificial superposition compound eye optical system consisting of three curved micro-lens array has been designed and analyzed. Finally, base on the the technique of making the micro-lens array on the planar surface, the technique of making the micro-lens array on the curved surface has been studied, and that is the important basement of the fabrication of the artificial superposition compound eye optical system.
This paper make the modeling and the analyzing easier, and make the fabrication of the key elements easier.
引文
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