天麻中有效成分的提取工艺研究
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摘要
天麻是一味常用名贵中药,一直以来主要用作心脑血管疾病的治疗或者辅助治疗。在心脑血管疾病发病率越来越高的今天,对天麻进行相关的深入研究是必要的和有意义的。
本文研究了天麻原药材中主要有效成分天麻素的提取、分离方法以及天麻多糖的分离方法。通过实验,建立了使用高效液相色谱仪快速有效检测样品中天麻素的方法。
采用醇提法对中药天麻中有效成分天麻素的提取进行研究。分别讨论了药材颗粒粒径、提取溶剂类型和浓度、提取时间和提取剂的用量对提取天麻素的影响。结果表明:当天麻药材颗粒粒径在150-25μm,70℃下,用60%乙醇提取3次,每次1h,8倍量乙醇,可以得到原药中天麻素的最佳提取效果。经HPLC检测,最后所得粗产品中天麻素得率0.46%,占原材料天麻中天麻素总含量80%左右。
在粗提产品的进一步纯化方面,研究了硅胶柱层析方法对天麻素粗提物分离纯化特征。结果表明:以甲醇:二氯甲烷(4:1)的混合溶剂作为展开系统,硅胶粒径200目-300目为填充体系进一步分离提纯天麻素。产品经HPLC检测,天麻素纯度可达65%以上。
在水提天麻多糖的单因素实验和正交试验研究中,发现提取温度是影响天麻中水溶性多糖得率的极显著性因素,提取时间对水提天麻粗多糖得率有显著性影响。水提天麻粗多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为温度60℃,提取时间2.5h,水料比30:1,乙醇浓度80%。在该条件下水提天麻粗多糖得率约为12.86%。
Gastrodia elata Bl. (GE) is a valuable herbal medicine which mainly used to deal with the diseases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system. It is essential and pregnant to study in-depth on GE and its related products with ascendant incidence of these diseases at present.
Correlation research on the extraction and purification method on the effective component of GE was described with the letterpress. Above all, the optimum chromatographic condition was developed to analysis the GA in the sample.
Following, we extract and separate gastrodin by immersing GE into ethanol. We discuss the effects to gastrodin extraction from medicinal materials particle size, extraction method and solvent, soaking time and extraction dosage. The optimum extracting conditions of gastrodin were as follows: 70℃, 8 times of 60% alcohol, extracting for three times, 1h each time.
On GA in GE extraction, we study characteristic of separation and purification by TLC. The optimum puring conditions of gastrodin were as follows: Firstly, the suitable ratio of methanol and dichloromethane in the mobile phase was investigated preliminarily by thin-layer chromatography. The results show that the suitable ratio of mobile phase is methanol : dichloromethane=4:1 by volume, and the 100～200 mesh silica gel can be chosen as the stationary phase. Using above mentioned optimal operation conditions , the product purity of the column chromatography separation at room temperature was analyzed by HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography), and the result shows that the purity of gastrodin obtained can reach 65% . This separation system has many advantages, for example, great adsorption capacity, good backfill performance and cheap price.
It has found that temperature was a very significant factor influencing the extraction rate of the water-soluble PGB and extraction time was a significant factor influencing the extraction rate of the water-soluble PGB through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiments. The optimum extraction parameters of WPGB were obtained: 60℃for extraction temperature, 2.5 hours of extraction time, 1:30 for the ratio of solid to liquid and 80% ethanol concentration and the amount of WAPG was about 12.86%.
本文研究了天麻原药材中主要有效成分天麻素的提取、分离方法以及天麻多糖的分离方法。通过实验,建立了使用高效液相色谱仪快速有效检测样品中天麻素的方法。
采用醇提法对中药天麻中有效成分天麻素的提取进行研究。分别讨论了药材颗粒粒径、提取溶剂类型和浓度、提取时间和提取剂的用量对提取天麻素的影响。结果表明:当天麻药材颗粒粒径在150-25μm,70℃下,用60%乙醇提取3次,每次1h,8倍量乙醇,可以得到原药中天麻素的最佳提取效果。经HPLC检测,最后所得粗产品中天麻素得率0.46%,占原材料天麻中天麻素总含量80%左右。
在粗提产品的进一步纯化方面,研究了硅胶柱层析方法对天麻素粗提物分离纯化特征。结果表明:以甲醇:二氯甲烷(4:1)的混合溶剂作为展开系统,硅胶粒径200目-300目为填充体系进一步分离提纯天麻素。产品经HPLC检测,天麻素纯度可达65%以上。
在水提天麻多糖的单因素实验和正交试验研究中,发现提取温度是影响天麻中水溶性多糖得率的极显著性因素,提取时间对水提天麻粗多糖得率有显著性影响。水提天麻粗多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为温度60℃,提取时间2.5h,水料比30:1,乙醇浓度80%。在该条件下水提天麻粗多糖得率约为12.86%。
Gastrodia elata Bl. (GE) is a valuable herbal medicine which mainly used to deal with the diseases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system. It is essential and pregnant to study in-depth on GE and its related products with ascendant incidence of these diseases at present.
Correlation research on the extraction and purification method on the effective component of GE was described with the letterpress. Above all, the optimum chromatographic condition was developed to analysis the GA in the sample.
Following, we extract and separate gastrodin by immersing GE into ethanol. We discuss the effects to gastrodin extraction from medicinal materials particle size, extraction method and solvent, soaking time and extraction dosage. The optimum extracting conditions of gastrodin were as follows: 70℃, 8 times of 60% alcohol, extracting for three times, 1h each time.
On GA in GE extraction, we study characteristic of separation and purification by TLC. The optimum puring conditions of gastrodin were as follows: Firstly, the suitable ratio of methanol and dichloromethane in the mobile phase was investigated preliminarily by thin-layer chromatography. The results show that the suitable ratio of mobile phase is methanol : dichloromethane=4:1 by volume, and the 100～200 mesh silica gel can be chosen as the stationary phase. Using above mentioned optimal operation conditions , the product purity of the column chromatography separation at room temperature was analyzed by HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography), and the result shows that the purity of gastrodin obtained can reach 65% . This separation system has many advantages, for example, great adsorption capacity, good backfill performance and cheap price.
It has found that temperature was a very significant factor influencing the extraction rate of the water-soluble PGB and extraction time was a significant factor influencing the extraction rate of the water-soluble PGB through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiments. The optimum extraction parameters of WPGB were obtained: 60℃for extraction temperature, 2.5 hours of extraction time, 1:30 for the ratio of solid to liquid and 80% ethanol concentration and the amount of WAPG was about 12.86%.
引文
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