牛庄油田牛25-C沙三低渗油藏有效注水开发效果评价
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摘要
低渗油田储量的开发已成为我国陆上石油工业稳定发展的重要潜力。牛庄油田牛25-C沙三油藏是一个典型低饱和程度、异常高压、中孔低渗,中低丰度的深层油藏,其开发动态明显优于胜利油区的其他类似油藏。因此,认清牛25-C沙三油藏开发动态主体控制因素,不仅可以进一步改善牛25-C沙三油藏开发效果,而且可为类似油田的开发提供指导依据。
本文在认清了牛25-C沙三油藏储层特征基础上,结合储层渗流与岩石力学实验,围绕低渗油藏注水开发渗流理论,开展了系统的油藏合理开发技术界限、开发动态分析评价及开发指标优化研究工作,取得的主要成果有：
1)牛25-C沙三油藏良好的储层条件与流体特性是油藏获得高效开发动态与效果的客观地质基础。
2)尽管油藏存在应力敏感和渗流启动压力梯度等不利因素,但对牛25-C沙三油藏的高效开发不构成威胁。
3)与储层地质和渗流特征相匹配的工程条件和恰当的开发模式、技术政策是油藏获得高效开发动态与效果的主要原因。注采井网对地层有较好的适应性,能量利用与注采对策合理。
4)合理的水动力调整对策及其他配套技术是油藏获得高效开发动态与效果的保障。
The development of low-permeability oil reserves has become the important potential for stable development of China's oil industry.Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir of Niu zhuang Oilfield is a typical low saturation levels,abnormal high pressure,medium porosity,low permeability, low abundance and Greater depth reservoir. Its development dynamics is much better than other similar oil reservoirs of Shengli Oilfield.Therefore,the main controlling factors of develop dynamic for Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir,can not only further improve the development effect of Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir,but could provide guidance for the development of similar oil fields.
On the basis of recognize reservoir characteristics with Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir, Combination of reservoir seepage flow and rock mechanics experiment,Surrounding the filtration theory of waterflooding development for low-permeability reservoir this paper carried out a systematic technical limits of oil reservoir rational development, Analysis and Evaluation of development dynamic and optimizing development index of research work,achieved the main results are:
1)Good reservoir conditions and fluid properties of Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir is the objective geological basis to obtain high efficient development dynamics and effects.
2) Despite the existence of stress-sensitive,seepage threshold pressure gradient and other unfavorable factors,But is not a threat for high efficient development of Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir
3)Engineering conditions,appropriate development model,and technology policy what match with the geologic and seepage characteristics are main reasons for the. injection-production pattern is better adaptability of the layer,injection-production strategy and energy utilization are rational.
4) A reasonable hydrodynamic adjustment measures and other supporting technologies are guarantee for the high efficient development dynamics and effects of reservoir.
本文在认清了牛25-C沙三油藏储层特征基础上,结合储层渗流与岩石力学实验,围绕低渗油藏注水开发渗流理论,开展了系统的油藏合理开发技术界限、开发动态分析评价及开发指标优化研究工作,取得的主要成果有：
1)牛25-C沙三油藏良好的储层条件与流体特性是油藏获得高效开发动态与效果的客观地质基础。
2)尽管油藏存在应力敏感和渗流启动压力梯度等不利因素,但对牛25-C沙三油藏的高效开发不构成威胁。
3)与储层地质和渗流特征相匹配的工程条件和恰当的开发模式、技术政策是油藏获得高效开发动态与效果的主要原因。注采井网对地层有较好的适应性,能量利用与注采对策合理。
4)合理的水动力调整对策及其他配套技术是油藏获得高效开发动态与效果的保障。
The development of low-permeability oil reserves has become the important potential for stable development of China's oil industry.Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir of Niu zhuang Oilfield is a typical low saturation levels,abnormal high pressure,medium porosity,low permeability, low abundance and Greater depth reservoir. Its development dynamics is much better than other similar oil reservoirs of Shengli Oilfield.Therefore,the main controlling factors of develop dynamic for Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir,can not only further improve the development effect of Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir,but could provide guidance for the development of similar oil fields.
On the basis of recognize reservoir characteristics with Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir, Combination of reservoir seepage flow and rock mechanics experiment,Surrounding the filtration theory of waterflooding development for low-permeability reservoir this paper carried out a systematic technical limits of oil reservoir rational development, Analysis and Evaluation of development dynamic and optimizing development index of research work,achieved the main results are:
1)Good reservoir conditions and fluid properties of Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir is the objective geological basis to obtain high efficient development dynamics and effects.
2) Despite the existence of stress-sensitive,seepage threshold pressure gradient and other unfavorable factors,But is not a threat for high efficient development of Niu25-C sand 3 reservoir
3)Engineering conditions,appropriate development model,and technology policy what match with the geologic and seepage characteristics are main reasons for the. injection-production pattern is better adaptability of the layer,injection-production strategy and energy utilization are rational.
4) A reasonable hydrodynamic adjustment measures and other supporting technologies are guarantee for the high efficient development dynamics and effects of reservoir.
引文
[1]李道品等.低渗透油田概念及我国储量分布状况[J].低渗透油气田,1997,1(1)：1-8
[2]Y Chang,Q.Xu,and W.Tang.Economic Development of "Three low"Oil Reswrves.SPE 93522.
[3]Li Kevin,Jian Ykong,Dai Zhijian and Hong Ying.The Oil-Water Relative Permeability Behaviour of A Low PermeableReservoir.SPE 30001.
[4]任晓娟.低渗砂岩储层孔隙结构与流体微观渗流特征研究[D]西北大学,2006.6.98-113
[5]孙志刚.低渗透砂岩储层启动压力及水驱油效率影响因素实验研究[D]西北大学,2005,5：47-64
[6]李劲峰,曲志浩等.贾敏效应对低渗透油层有不可忽视的影响[J]石油勘探与开发,1999,26(2)：93-94
[7]刘建军,刘先贵.裂缝性低渗透油藏流—固耦合理论与数值模拟[J].力学学报,2002,34(5)：23-27
[8]阎庆来.单相均质液体低速渗流机理及流动规律.第二界全国流体力学学术会议论文集[M].北京,科学出版社,1983.
[9]黄延章等.低渗透油层渗流机理[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1998：65-83.
[10]邓英尔,刘慈群.启动压力梯度对低渗透油田注水开发的影响-低渗透油气田开发与实践(续一)[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1999：35-39.
[11]苏海芳编.国内外低渗透油田开发技术调研[M].胜利油田2003年低渗透油藏开发技术座谈会,2003.
[12]Lixingxun,Wang zhengde,Du wenjun, Effective Development of a Low permeabilityReservoir Achieved:A Case Study.SPE 50915
[13]Yuting Xu.An Integrated Study of Mature low Permeability Reservoir in Daqing,Oilfield China. SPE114199.
[14]秦同洛.对低渗透油田开发的几点意见[M].中国石油天然气总公司石油勘探开发研究院科技论文集(油田开发工程),石油工业出版社,1996.
[15]李道品.低渗透油田开发概论[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1997,16(3)：23-28
[16]EbaknsWJ.Flow unit comcept integrated approach to rersveroir description for Engineering Projects[J].AAPGAnnual meeting,AAPGBulletin,1987,87(5):551-552.
[17]Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fraetured Reservoires-Gulf Publishin comPany,1985
[18]赵永胜.剩余油分布研究中的几个问题[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1996,15(4)：72-74.
[19]Wang Zhizhong,Zhang Xuyuan.DEVELOPMENT BY WATERFLOODING OF MAXIDEEP RESERVOIR WITH LOW.SPE 14844
[20]韩永龙等.超前注水的理论与实践.[D]大庆油田油藏工程优秀论文集,1999：8-12
[21]Zhiyu Wu,Kui Li,Tiancai Li. Water Injection Development and Stable Production Technology in Ansai Extra Low Permeability Oilfield.SPE 64659
[22]M. Nikravesh and A.R. Kovscek,Neural Networks for Field-Wise Waterflood Management in Low Permeability, Fractured Oil Reservoirs. SPE 35721
[23]汪嘉联.扶余油田西区应用周期注水改善高含水期油田注水开发效果实例[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1993：32-39。
[24]Tingxue Jiang,XUgang Wang.A New Comprehensive Hydraulic Fracturing Technology To Minimize Formation Damage In Low Permeability Reservoirs. SPE8222.
[25]M.Nikravesh.Prediction of Formation Damage During Fluid Injection into Fractured,Low Permeability Reservoirs via Neural Networks.SPE31103.
[26]毕研斌、邢洪斌.低渗透油气田研究与实践(续一).低渗透油田合理注采井网系统研究[M],北京,石油工业出版社,1999：51-60.
[27]Hui Pu,Guofeng Wang.Reservoir Simulation Study on Improvement of Waterflooding Effect for a Naturally Fractured Low Permeability Field in Daqing,China:A Successful Case.SPE118836-MS.
[28]Fengde Zhou,Guangqing Yao,Guochang Wang.Integrated Modeling of Fractured Low Permeability Reservoir,Sangonghe Formation,Baolang Oilfield,Northwest China.IPTC12080-MS.
[29]李克向主编.保护油气层钻井完井技术[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1993：10-18
[30]PingYa Luo,YingFeng Meng,ShiHong Shu & Lin Tang.Some Problems in the Exploration and Exploitation Low Permeability of Oil and Gas Resources in China.SPE 50923.
[31]王家宏等.水平井调查研究[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1991.
[32]Wu Zhiyu,Changqing. Evaluation of Horizontal Well Development in Ansai Extra Low Permeability Oilfield. SPE 50895
[33]E.Sayapov.Application of Horizontal Wells with Multiple Hydraulic Fractures for the Development of Low Permeability Oil Reservoir in Western Siberia. IPTC13395.
[34]M.A.克林斯著.二氧化碳驱油机理及工程设计[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1989：5-12
[35]A.TaheriV.a.Sajjadian.WAG Performance in a Low Porosity and Low Permeability Reservoir,Sirri-A Field, Iran.SPE 100212.
[36]中国石油无然气总公司开发生产局编.低渗透油田开发技术—全国低渗透油田开发技术座谈会沦选[M].北京,石油石油工业出版社,1994：151.162
[37]李青,金东明等.低产油井提捞采油技术研究与应用[J].石油规划设计,1999,10(2)：20-21
[38]胡博仲等.大庆长垣外围低渗透油田开采配套工艺技术.低渗透油田开发技术—全国低渗透油田开发技术座谈会论文选.北京：石油工业出版社,1994：63-69
[39]肖曾利,蒲春生等.低渗砂岩油藏压力敏感性实验[J].断块油气田,2008,15(2)：47-48
[40]吕成远,王建等.低渗透砂岩油藏渗流启动压力梯度实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2)：86-88
[41]张英芝,杨铁军等.特低渗透油藏开发技术研究[M].北京,石油工业出版社2004：20-32
[42]童宪章.中国石油天然气公司院士文集-童宪章集[M].北京,中国大百科全书出版社,1997.9：2-3
[43]李传亮.油藏工程原理[M].北京,石油工业出版社,2005.11：360-379
[44]葛家理等.现代油藏渗流力学原理[M].北京,石油工业出版社,2001.
[45]宋付权.变形介质低渗透油藏的产能分析[J].特种油气藏,2002,9(4)
[46]李颖川.采油工程[M].北京,石油工业出版社,2002：2-15.
[47]王俊魁等.采油井合理井底压力界限确定方法[J].大庆石油地质,1999,18(5)：21-22
[48]李松泉,唐曾熊.低渗透油田的合理井网[J].石油学报,1997,17(3)：52-56
[49]H.C.斯利德.实用油藏工程学方法.石油工业出版社,1982
[50]黄炳光等.水驱开发难易程度评价指标体系与评价方法[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,4
[51]黄炳光,刘蜀知.实用油藏工程与动态分析方法.第一版.北京：石油工业出版社,1998.
[2]Y Chang,Q.Xu,and W.Tang.Economic Development of "Three low"Oil Reswrves.SPE 93522.
[3]Li Kevin,Jian Ykong,Dai Zhijian and Hong Ying.The Oil-Water Relative Permeability Behaviour of A Low PermeableReservoir.SPE 30001.
[4]任晓娟.低渗砂岩储层孔隙结构与流体微观渗流特征研究[D]西北大学,2006.6.98-113
[5]孙志刚.低渗透砂岩储层启动压力及水驱油效率影响因素实验研究[D]西北大学,2005,5：47-64
[6]李劲峰,曲志浩等.贾敏效应对低渗透油层有不可忽视的影响[J]石油勘探与开发,1999,26(2)：93-94
[7]刘建军,刘先贵.裂缝性低渗透油藏流—固耦合理论与数值模拟[J].力学学报,2002,34(5)：23-27
[8]阎庆来.单相均质液体低速渗流机理及流动规律.第二界全国流体力学学术会议论文集[M].北京,科学出版社,1983.
[9]黄延章等.低渗透油层渗流机理[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1998：65-83.
[10]邓英尔,刘慈群.启动压力梯度对低渗透油田注水开发的影响-低渗透油气田开发与实践(续一)[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1999：35-39.
[11]苏海芳编.国内外低渗透油田开发技术调研[M].胜利油田2003年低渗透油藏开发技术座谈会,2003.
[12]Lixingxun,Wang zhengde,Du wenjun, Effective Development of a Low permeabilityReservoir Achieved:A Case Study.SPE 50915
[13]Yuting Xu.An Integrated Study of Mature low Permeability Reservoir in Daqing,Oilfield China. SPE114199.
[14]秦同洛.对低渗透油田开发的几点意见[M].中国石油天然气总公司石油勘探开发研究院科技论文集(油田开发工程),石油工业出版社,1996.
[15]李道品.低渗透油田开发概论[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1997,16(3)：23-28
[16]EbaknsWJ.Flow unit comcept integrated approach to rersveroir description for Engineering Projects[J].AAPGAnnual meeting,AAPGBulletin,1987,87(5):551-552.
[17]Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fraetured Reservoires-Gulf Publishin comPany,1985
[18]赵永胜.剩余油分布研究中的几个问题[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1996,15(4)：72-74.
[19]Wang Zhizhong,Zhang Xuyuan.DEVELOPMENT BY WATERFLOODING OF MAXIDEEP RESERVOIR WITH LOW.SPE 14844
[20]韩永龙等.超前注水的理论与实践.[D]大庆油田油藏工程优秀论文集,1999：8-12
[21]Zhiyu Wu,Kui Li,Tiancai Li. Water Injection Development and Stable Production Technology in Ansai Extra Low Permeability Oilfield.SPE 64659
[22]M. Nikravesh and A.R. Kovscek,Neural Networks for Field-Wise Waterflood Management in Low Permeability, Fractured Oil Reservoirs. SPE 35721
[23]汪嘉联.扶余油田西区应用周期注水改善高含水期油田注水开发效果实例[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1993：32-39。
[24]Tingxue Jiang,XUgang Wang.A New Comprehensive Hydraulic Fracturing Technology To Minimize Formation Damage In Low Permeability Reservoirs. SPE8222.
[25]M.Nikravesh.Prediction of Formation Damage During Fluid Injection into Fractured,Low Permeability Reservoirs via Neural Networks.SPE31103.
[26]毕研斌、邢洪斌.低渗透油气田研究与实践(续一).低渗透油田合理注采井网系统研究[M],北京,石油工业出版社,1999：51-60.
[27]Hui Pu,Guofeng Wang.Reservoir Simulation Study on Improvement of Waterflooding Effect for a Naturally Fractured Low Permeability Field in Daqing,China:A Successful Case.SPE118836-MS.
[28]Fengde Zhou,Guangqing Yao,Guochang Wang.Integrated Modeling of Fractured Low Permeability Reservoir,Sangonghe Formation,Baolang Oilfield,Northwest China.IPTC12080-MS.
[29]李克向主编.保护油气层钻井完井技术[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1993：10-18
[30]PingYa Luo,YingFeng Meng,ShiHong Shu & Lin Tang.Some Problems in the Exploration and Exploitation Low Permeability of Oil and Gas Resources in China.SPE 50923.
[31]王家宏等.水平井调查研究[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1991.
[32]Wu Zhiyu,Changqing. Evaluation of Horizontal Well Development in Ansai Extra Low Permeability Oilfield. SPE 50895
[33]E.Sayapov.Application of Horizontal Wells with Multiple Hydraulic Fractures for the Development of Low Permeability Oil Reservoir in Western Siberia. IPTC13395.
[34]M.A.克林斯著.二氧化碳驱油机理及工程设计[M].北京,石油工业出版社,1989：5-12
[35]A.TaheriV.a.Sajjadian.WAG Performance in a Low Porosity and Low Permeability Reservoir,Sirri-A Field, Iran.SPE 100212.
[36]中国石油无然气总公司开发生产局编.低渗透油田开发技术—全国低渗透油田开发技术座谈会沦选[M].北京,石油石油工业出版社,1994：151.162
[37]李青,金东明等.低产油井提捞采油技术研究与应用[J].石油规划设计,1999,10(2)：20-21
[38]胡博仲等.大庆长垣外围低渗透油田开采配套工艺技术.低渗透油田开发技术—全国低渗透油田开发技术座谈会论文选.北京：石油工业出版社,1994：63-69
[39]肖曾利,蒲春生等.低渗砂岩油藏压力敏感性实验[J].断块油气田,2008,15(2)：47-48
[40]吕成远,王建等.低渗透砂岩油藏渗流启动压力梯度实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2)：86-88
[41]张英芝,杨铁军等.特低渗透油藏开发技术研究[M].北京,石油工业出版社2004：20-32
[42]童宪章.中国石油天然气公司院士文集-童宪章集[M].北京,中国大百科全书出版社,1997.9：2-3
[43]李传亮.油藏工程原理[M].北京,石油工业出版社,2005.11：360-379
[44]葛家理等.现代油藏渗流力学原理[M].北京,石油工业出版社,2001.
[45]宋付权.变形介质低渗透油藏的产能分析[J].特种油气藏,2002,9(4)
[46]李颖川.采油工程[M].北京,石油工业出版社,2002：2-15.
[47]王俊魁等.采油井合理井底压力界限确定方法[J].大庆石油地质,1999,18(5)：21-22
[48]李松泉,唐曾熊.低渗透油田的合理井网[J].石油学报,1997,17(3)：52-56
[49]H.C.斯利德.实用油藏工程学方法.石油工业出版社,1982
[50]黄炳光等.水驱开发难易程度评价指标体系与评价方法[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,4
[51]黄炳光,刘蜀知.实用油藏工程与动态分析方法.第一版.北京：石油工业出版社,1998.