用于oxyfuel CO_2捕获的耐CO_2双相透氧陶瓷膜的研究
摘要
与oxyfuel发电过程集成的透氧膜技术的关键在于开发出一种能够在CO_2气氛化学稳定、渗透通量高、渗透稳定性高的膜材料。本论文通过合理设计双相膜材料，围绕设计的双相膜材料开展相关实验工作。
首先考察了75wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-25wt%Sm1-xCaxCoO3（x=0、0.2、0.4）系列双相膜材料，研究了双相膜中钙钛矿相中钙掺杂量对双相膜材料的电导率、CO_2中的结构稳定性、氧渗透通量、渗透稳定性的影响。通过利用实验研究与理论模型分析的方法，研究了双相膜的氧渗透机理，发现两种钙掺杂的双相膜渗透过程的速控步都是由表面交换和体相扩散联合控制的，而无钙掺杂的双相膜的渗透过程速控步是由体相中电子输运限制。所有双相膜在CO_2气氛中均稳定，渗透实验研究表明钙钛矿相中钙的掺杂量为x=0.4时最优，此时在以CO_2为吹扫气时的透氧量在950oC达到0.19mL cm-2min-1。
通过对(100-y) wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-y wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3(y=20、25、33)系列双相膜材料的研究，发现双相膜材料的电子电导率、氧渗透通量均随钙钛矿相的含量增加而增大。其中66.7wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-33.3wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3在以CO_2为吹扫气时的透氧量在950oC达到0.55mL cm-2min-1，并表现出高的结构稳定性和渗透稳定性。该渗透通量高于文献中同等条件下的其它所有双相膜在CO_2气氛中的透氧量。其原因在于提高钙钛矿相的含量可以大幅提高双相膜材料的电子电导率，从而提高了膜材料的偶极电导率、透氧量。
开展了含有钴基(Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3)和铁基(Sm0.6Ca0.4FeO3)钙钛矿的双相膜的对比研究，发现当钙钛矿相的质量分数为25%时，含铁基钙钛矿相的双相膜的微结构要优于含钴基钙钛矿相的双相膜，其电子电导率、透氧量均大于后者。但增加铁基钙钛矿相的质量分数至33.3%并不有利于双相膜透氧量的提高。其原因在于铁基钙钛矿相的氧离子电导率小于萤石相(SDC)的氧离子电导率。
The key point of the oxygen permeable membrane technology, which can beintergrated with oxyfuel for power generation and CO_2capture, is the development ofa kind oxygen permeable membrane material with high permeation flux andsustaining the poising of CO_2. The dissertation presents a reasonable strategy for thedesign of dual-phase membranes and shows the experimental investigation of thedesigned membrane materials.
The dual-phase membranes of75wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-25wt%Sm1-xCaxCoO3（x=0、0.2、0.4）were investigated through the effects of calcium doping in the perovskitephase of dual-phase materials on the total conductivity, the stability under CO_2atmosphere, permeation fluxes and permeation stability. The oxygen permeation ofthe Ca-doped dual-phase membranes is limited by both bulk diffusion and the surfaceexchange of oxygen molecules, while that of the Ca-free dual-phase membrane islimited by the electronic transport through membrane bulk. All the membranes can bestable in the CO_2atmosphere. The permeation experiments showed that at x=0.4thedual-phase membrane shows the highest permeation flux up to0.19mL cm-2min-1at950oC when CO_2was used as the sweeping gas.
It was found that for the (100-y) wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-y wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3(y=20、25、33) dual-phase membranes, the electronic conductivity and oxygen permeationflux increase with the content of the perovskite phase. Among the three membranes,66.7wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-33.3wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3shows high stability and thehighest permeation flux up to0.55mL cm-2min-1at950oC when CO_2was used as thesweeping gas. The value is the highest permeation flux reported in the literatures forthe dual-phase membranes employed for the purpose of integrated with oxyfuel process. The key reason is that the increase of perovskite content in the dual-phasesystem can significantly enhance the electronic conductivity and the dipolarconductivity and then increase the permeation flux.
A comparative investigation of the dual-phase membranes made of Co-basedperovskite (Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3) and Fe-based perovskite (Sm0.6Ca0.4FeO3) showed thatthe microstructure of the dual-phase membrane containing Fe-based perovskite isbetter than it containing Co-based perovskite when the mass fraction of perovskitephase is25%. As a result the Fe-containing dual-phase membrane has higherelectronic conductivity and oxygen permeation flux than the Co-containingdual-phase membrane. However, increase the Fe-based perovskite content to33.3wt%has no help to enhance the permeation flux of the dual-phase membrane,because the oxygen ionic conductivity of Fe-based perovskite is smaller than that offluorite phase oxide Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9.
首先考察了75wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-25wt%Sm1-xCaxCoO3（x=0、0.2、0.4）系列双相膜材料，研究了双相膜中钙钛矿相中钙掺杂量对双相膜材料的电导率、CO_2中的结构稳定性、氧渗透通量、渗透稳定性的影响。通过利用实验研究与理论模型分析的方法，研究了双相膜的氧渗透机理，发现两种钙掺杂的双相膜渗透过程的速控步都是由表面交换和体相扩散联合控制的，而无钙掺杂的双相膜的渗透过程速控步是由体相中电子输运限制。所有双相膜在CO_2气氛中均稳定，渗透实验研究表明钙钛矿相中钙的掺杂量为x=0.4时最优，此时在以CO_2为吹扫气时的透氧量在950oC达到0.19mL cm-2min-1。
通过对(100-y) wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-y wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3(y=20、25、33)系列双相膜材料的研究，发现双相膜材料的电子电导率、氧渗透通量均随钙钛矿相的含量增加而增大。其中66.7wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-33.3wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3在以CO_2为吹扫气时的透氧量在950oC达到0.55mL cm-2min-1，并表现出高的结构稳定性和渗透稳定性。该渗透通量高于文献中同等条件下的其它所有双相膜在CO_2气氛中的透氧量。其原因在于提高钙钛矿相的含量可以大幅提高双相膜材料的电子电导率，从而提高了膜材料的偶极电导率、透氧量。
开展了含有钴基(Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3)和铁基(Sm0.6Ca0.4FeO3)钙钛矿的双相膜的对比研究，发现当钙钛矿相的质量分数为25%时，含铁基钙钛矿相的双相膜的微结构要优于含钴基钙钛矿相的双相膜，其电子电导率、透氧量均大于后者。但增加铁基钙钛矿相的质量分数至33.3%并不有利于双相膜透氧量的提高。其原因在于铁基钙钛矿相的氧离子电导率小于萤石相(SDC)的氧离子电导率。
The key point of the oxygen permeable membrane technology, which can beintergrated with oxyfuel for power generation and CO_2capture, is the development ofa kind oxygen permeable membrane material with high permeation flux andsustaining the poising of CO_2. The dissertation presents a reasonable strategy for thedesign of dual-phase membranes and shows the experimental investigation of thedesigned membrane materials.
The dual-phase membranes of75wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-25wt%Sm1-xCaxCoO3（x=0、0.2、0.4）were investigated through the effects of calcium doping in the perovskitephase of dual-phase materials on the total conductivity, the stability under CO_2atmosphere, permeation fluxes and permeation stability. The oxygen permeation ofthe Ca-doped dual-phase membranes is limited by both bulk diffusion and the surfaceexchange of oxygen molecules, while that of the Ca-free dual-phase membrane islimited by the electronic transport through membrane bulk. All the membranes can bestable in the CO_2atmosphere. The permeation experiments showed that at x=0.4thedual-phase membrane shows the highest permeation flux up to0.19mL cm-2min-1at950oC when CO_2was used as the sweeping gas.
It was found that for the (100-y) wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-y wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3(y=20、25、33) dual-phase membranes, the electronic conductivity and oxygen permeationflux increase with the content of the perovskite phase. Among the three membranes,66.7wt%Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9-33.3wt%Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3shows high stability and thehighest permeation flux up to0.55mL cm-2min-1at950oC when CO_2was used as thesweeping gas. The value is the highest permeation flux reported in the literatures forthe dual-phase membranes employed for the purpose of integrated with oxyfuel process. The key reason is that the increase of perovskite content in the dual-phasesystem can significantly enhance the electronic conductivity and the dipolarconductivity and then increase the permeation flux.
A comparative investigation of the dual-phase membranes made of Co-basedperovskite (Sm0.6Ca0.4CoO3) and Fe-based perovskite (Sm0.6Ca0.4FeO3) showed thatthe microstructure of the dual-phase membrane containing Fe-based perovskite isbetter than it containing Co-based perovskite when the mass fraction of perovskitephase is25%. As a result the Fe-containing dual-phase membrane has higherelectronic conductivity and oxygen permeation flux than the Co-containingdual-phase membrane. However, increase the Fe-based perovskite content to33.3wt%has no help to enhance the permeation flux of the dual-phase membrane,because the oxygen ionic conductivity of Fe-based perovskite is smaller than that offluorite phase oxide Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9.
引文
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