盾构隧道穿越群房屋安全风险研究
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摘要
摘要：结合苏州轨道交通2号线盾构隧道大面积、长距离、连续穿越群房屋的工程实例,进行了盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险研究,提出了盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险研究内容,重点研究其中的待穿越群房屋风险识别与分级体系。
盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险研究主要有四部分内容：盾构掘进对地表变形的影响、盾构隧道及待穿越房屋信息统计、盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险识别与分级方法和盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险控制。在风险识别中,选取房屋距离隧道轴线的水平距离；房屋所处断面隧道埋深；房屋段隧道线形；房屋与隧道相交角度；房屋基础结构形式；房屋上部结构形式；房屋年龄；房屋使用类型共八个风险因素作为基础,提出盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险分级方法,并对待穿越群房屋面临的风险进行分析。风险分级的目的在于风险控制。本文从盾构机设备、地表及房屋变形监测与控制、盾构掘进施工三方面讨论了盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险控制措施。
ABSTRACT:In connection with the practice of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings in Suzhou Metro2, the risk of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings was researched, and risk research contents were put forward. The risk identification and the risk classification of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings were key points.
There were four parts in the risk research of shield tunnel crossing group buildings:the influence of shield advancing on ground settlement; information of shield tunnels and group buildings; the risk identification and the risk classification and the risk control. A kind of risk classification of shield tunnel crossing group buildings is presented based on eight risk identification subjects which are horizontal distance, depth of tunnel, shape of tunnel, intersection angle, type of infrastructure, type of upper structure, years of building and use type of building. The aim of risk classification is to control the risk. The risk control measures of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings were discussed in shield machine equipment, monitoring and controlling deformation of ground and buildings and shield tunnelling construction.
盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险研究主要有四部分内容：盾构掘进对地表变形的影响、盾构隧道及待穿越房屋信息统计、盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险识别与分级方法和盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险控制。在风险识别中,选取房屋距离隧道轴线的水平距离；房屋所处断面隧道埋深；房屋段隧道线形；房屋与隧道相交角度；房屋基础结构形式；房屋上部结构形式；房屋年龄；房屋使用类型共八个风险因素作为基础,提出盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险分级方法,并对待穿越群房屋面临的风险进行分析。风险分级的目的在于风险控制。本文从盾构机设备、地表及房屋变形监测与控制、盾构掘进施工三方面讨论了盾构隧道穿越群房屋风险控制措施。
ABSTRACT:In connection with the practice of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings in Suzhou Metro2, the risk of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings was researched, and risk research contents were put forward. The risk identification and the risk classification of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings were key points.
There were four parts in the risk research of shield tunnel crossing group buildings:the influence of shield advancing on ground settlement; information of shield tunnels and group buildings; the risk identification and the risk classification and the risk control. A kind of risk classification of shield tunnel crossing group buildings is presented based on eight risk identification subjects which are horizontal distance, depth of tunnel, shape of tunnel, intersection angle, type of infrastructure, type of upper structure, years of building and use type of building. The aim of risk classification is to control the risk. The risk control measures of the shield tunnel crossing group buildings were discussed in shield machine equipment, monitoring and controlling deformation of ground and buildings and shield tunnelling construction.
引文
[1]王梦恕,中国隧道及地下工程修建技术,人民交通出版社,北京,2010
[2]Hoffman D. Williams C.A. Lind A.R. Changes in isometric function following rhythmic exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology.1985.
[3]段开龄,现代保险研究,经济评论,1993.
[4]周艳菊,邱莞华,供应链风险管理研究进展的综述与分析,民航经济与技术,2006.
[5]郭晓亭,蒲勇健,林略,风险概念及其数量刻画,数量经济技术经济研究,2004.
[6]叶青,易丹辉,中国证券市场风险分析基本框架的研究,金融研究,2000.
[7]Jorion P. Value at Risk: The New Benchmark for Controlling Market Risk, Irwin Professional:Illinois,1997.
[8]李剑,越江隧道工程建设风险管理理论、方法与实践,同济大学,上海,2008.
[9]Einstein H.H. Vick S.G. Geological model for tunnel cost model. Proceeding of the 2nd Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference,1974.
[10]Einstein H.H. Chiabverio F. Koppel U. Risk analysis for Alder tunnel. Tunnels & Tunnelling,1994.
[11]Einstein H.H. Risk and Risk Analysis in Rock Engineering. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1996.
[12]Einstein H.H. Xu S. Grasso P. et al. Decision aids for tunneling. World Tunneling,1998.
[13]Duzgun H.S.B. Einstein H.H. Assessment and management of roof fall risks in underground coal mines. Safety Science,2004.
[14]Salazar GF. Stochastic and Economic Evaluation of Adaptability in Tunneling Design and Construction, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.1983.
[15]Burland J.B. Worth C.P. Allowable and Differential Settlement of Structures, including Damage and Soil-structure Interaction. Proceedings of Conference on Settlement of Structures, Cambridge University,1974.
[16]Burland J.B. Standing J.R. Jardine F.M由于开挖隧道对建筑物破坏的风险评估——来自伦敦地铁Jubilee线延伸段的教训Burland访华报告,2002.
[17]Heinz D. Challenges to Tunnelling Engineers. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology.1996.
[18]Chapman C.B. Cooper D.F. Risk Engineering:Basic Controlled Interval and Memory Models. Journal of the Operational Research Society.1983.
[19]Chapman C.B. Cooper D.F. Risk Analysis for Large Project-Models, Methods and Cases. New York:John Wiley & Sons.1987.
[20]Chapman C.B. Ward S.C. Bennell J.A. Incorporating Uncertainty in Competitive Bidding. International Journal of Project Management.2000.
[21]Nilsen B. Palmstorm A. Stille H. Quality Control of a Sub-sea Tunnel Project in Complex Ground Conditions. Proceedings of ITA World Tunnel Congress, Oslo.1999.
[22]Nilsen B. Palmstorm A. Stability and Water Leakage of Hard Rock Subsea Tunnel. Proceedings of International Conference on IS-Kyoto,2001.
[23]van Hasselt D.R.S. Hentschel V. Snel A.J.M, et al.1999. Amsterdam's north/south metroline. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1999.
[23]van Hasselt D.R.S. Hentschel V. Snel A.J.M, et al.1999. Amsterdam's north/south metroline. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1999.
[24]Sturk R. Olsson L. Johansson J. Risk and Decision Analysis for Large underground projects, as Applied to the Stockholm Ring Road Tunnels. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1996.
[25]Faber M.H. Risk-based Inspection:the Framework. Structural Engineering International, 2002.
[26]Isaksson T. Tunnelling in poor ground-choice of shield method based on reliability. Proceedings of European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Rotter-dam,1998.
[27]Isaksson T. Reilly J. Anderson J. Risk mitigation for tunneling projects-a structured approach. Proceedings of ITA World Tunnel Congress, Oslo,1999.
[28]Isaksson T. Model for estimation of time and cost based on risk evaluation applied to tunnel projects. Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.2002.
[29]佐藤久,田中胜雄。日本隧道工程的发展和灾害情况统计。隧道及地下工程,1998。
[30]Reilly J.J. Thompson R. International survey,1400 projects. International Report.2001.
[31]Reilly J.J. The management process for complex underground and tunnelling projects. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2000.
[32]Reilly J.J. Estimating and managing the costs of complex infrastructure projects. Transportation Research Board Conference, Special Panel on the costs of Mega-Projects, Washington D.C.2003.
[33]The British Tunnelling Society. The association of British Insures: Joint code of practice for risk assessment of tunnel works in the UK-09. London: The British Tunnelling Society, 2003.
[34]ETWB. Risk Management for Public Works-Risk Management User Manual.2005.
[35]ITIG. The Joint Code of Practice for Risk Management of Tunnel Works.2006
[36]ITA. Guidelines for Tunnelling Risk Management.2004.
[37]郭仲伟,风险分析与决策,机械工业出版,北京,1986.
[38]宋明哲,风险管理,中华企业管理发展中心,台北,1984.
[39]Smith M.F. Current and future tunneling works in Hong Kong for the years 2000-2010.Proceedings of Tunnels and Underground Structures, Singapore,2000.
[40]步上游,沈劲利,隧道工程风险管理之研究,2003首届华人岩土工程论坛,2003.
[41]白峰青,隧洞工程的风险设计及决策,天津大学,天津,1996.
[42]范益群,地下工程深基坑施工过程安全性分析若干理论问题研究及其工程应用,大连理工大学,大连,1998.
[43]沈景炎,城市轨道交通客流预测的评估和抗风险设计,城市轨道交通研究,2002.
[44]郭斯杰,工程风险与保险机制,台湾大学,台北,2003.
[45]李永盛,上海市崇明越江通道工程风险分析研究报告,同济大学,上海,2003.
[46]黄宏伟,武汉长江隧道工程灾害与风险分析研究报告,同济大学,上海,2003.
[47]建设部,地铁与地下工程建设技术风险管理指南,北京,2007.
[48]陈桂香,地铁工程项目的风险管理,同济大学,上海,2004.
[49]王岩,地铁区间隧道安全评估的层次-模糊综合判别法,地下空间,2004.
[50]陈龙,城市软土盾构隧道施工期风险分析与评估研究,同济大学,上海,2004.
[51]张少夏,影响隧道施工工期的风险分析,地下空间与工程学报,2005.
[52]胡群芳,基于底层变异的盾构隧道工程风险分析及其应用研究,同济大学,上海,2006.
[53]黄宏伟,隧道及地下工程的全寿命风险管理,科学出版社,2010.
[54]罗富荣,北京地铁工程安全风险控制体系及监控系统研究,北京交通大学,北京,2011.
[55]Peck P.B. Deep excavations and tunneling in soft ground. Proceeding of Seventh International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Mexico City, 1969.
[56]滕红军,城市隧道穿越地面建筑物的安全风险控制,北京交通大学,北京,2007.
[57]Vittorio Guglielmetti, Piergiorgio Grasso. Mechanized Tunnelling in Urban Area. Leiden: Taylor & Francis,2008.
[2]Hoffman D. Williams C.A. Lind A.R. Changes in isometric function following rhythmic exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology.1985.
[3]段开龄,现代保险研究,经济评论,1993.
[4]周艳菊,邱莞华,供应链风险管理研究进展的综述与分析,民航经济与技术,2006.
[5]郭晓亭,蒲勇健,林略,风险概念及其数量刻画,数量经济技术经济研究,2004.
[6]叶青,易丹辉,中国证券市场风险分析基本框架的研究,金融研究,2000.
[7]Jorion P. Value at Risk: The New Benchmark for Controlling Market Risk, Irwin Professional:Illinois,1997.
[8]李剑,越江隧道工程建设风险管理理论、方法与实践,同济大学,上海,2008.
[9]Einstein H.H. Vick S.G. Geological model for tunnel cost model. Proceeding of the 2nd Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference,1974.
[10]Einstein H.H. Chiabverio F. Koppel U. Risk analysis for Alder tunnel. Tunnels & Tunnelling,1994.
[11]Einstein H.H. Risk and Risk Analysis in Rock Engineering. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1996.
[12]Einstein H.H. Xu S. Grasso P. et al. Decision aids for tunneling. World Tunneling,1998.
[13]Duzgun H.S.B. Einstein H.H. Assessment and management of roof fall risks in underground coal mines. Safety Science,2004.
[14]Salazar GF. Stochastic and Economic Evaluation of Adaptability in Tunneling Design and Construction, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.1983.
[15]Burland J.B. Worth C.P. Allowable and Differential Settlement of Structures, including Damage and Soil-structure Interaction. Proceedings of Conference on Settlement of Structures, Cambridge University,1974.
[16]Burland J.B. Standing J.R. Jardine F.M由于开挖隧道对建筑物破坏的风险评估——来自伦敦地铁Jubilee线延伸段的教训Burland访华报告,2002.
[17]Heinz D. Challenges to Tunnelling Engineers. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology.1996.
[18]Chapman C.B. Cooper D.F. Risk Engineering:Basic Controlled Interval and Memory Models. Journal of the Operational Research Society.1983.
[19]Chapman C.B. Cooper D.F. Risk Analysis for Large Project-Models, Methods and Cases. New York:John Wiley & Sons.1987.
[20]Chapman C.B. Ward S.C. Bennell J.A. Incorporating Uncertainty in Competitive Bidding. International Journal of Project Management.2000.
[21]Nilsen B. Palmstorm A. Stille H. Quality Control of a Sub-sea Tunnel Project in Complex Ground Conditions. Proceedings of ITA World Tunnel Congress, Oslo.1999.
[22]Nilsen B. Palmstorm A. Stability and Water Leakage of Hard Rock Subsea Tunnel. Proceedings of International Conference on IS-Kyoto,2001.
[23]van Hasselt D.R.S. Hentschel V. Snel A.J.M, et al.1999. Amsterdam's north/south metroline. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1999.
[23]van Hasselt D.R.S. Hentschel V. Snel A.J.M, et al.1999. Amsterdam's north/south metroline. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1999.
[24]Sturk R. Olsson L. Johansson J. Risk and Decision Analysis for Large underground projects, as Applied to the Stockholm Ring Road Tunnels. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1996.
[25]Faber M.H. Risk-based Inspection:the Framework. Structural Engineering International, 2002.
[26]Isaksson T. Tunnelling in poor ground-choice of shield method based on reliability. Proceedings of European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Rotter-dam,1998.
[27]Isaksson T. Reilly J. Anderson J. Risk mitigation for tunneling projects-a structured approach. Proceedings of ITA World Tunnel Congress, Oslo,1999.
[28]Isaksson T. Model for estimation of time and cost based on risk evaluation applied to tunnel projects. Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.2002.
[29]佐藤久,田中胜雄。日本隧道工程的发展和灾害情况统计。隧道及地下工程,1998。
[30]Reilly J.J. Thompson R. International survey,1400 projects. International Report.2001.
[31]Reilly J.J. The management process for complex underground and tunnelling projects. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2000.
[32]Reilly J.J. Estimating and managing the costs of complex infrastructure projects. Transportation Research Board Conference, Special Panel on the costs of Mega-Projects, Washington D.C.2003.
[33]The British Tunnelling Society. The association of British Insures: Joint code of practice for risk assessment of tunnel works in the UK-09. London: The British Tunnelling Society, 2003.
[34]ETWB. Risk Management for Public Works-Risk Management User Manual.2005.
[35]ITIG. The Joint Code of Practice for Risk Management of Tunnel Works.2006
[36]ITA. Guidelines for Tunnelling Risk Management.2004.
[37]郭仲伟,风险分析与决策,机械工业出版,北京,1986.
[38]宋明哲,风险管理,中华企业管理发展中心,台北,1984.
[39]Smith M.F. Current and future tunneling works in Hong Kong for the years 2000-2010.Proceedings of Tunnels and Underground Structures, Singapore,2000.
[40]步上游,沈劲利,隧道工程风险管理之研究,2003首届华人岩土工程论坛,2003.
[41]白峰青,隧洞工程的风险设计及决策,天津大学,天津,1996.
[42]范益群,地下工程深基坑施工过程安全性分析若干理论问题研究及其工程应用,大连理工大学,大连,1998.
[43]沈景炎,城市轨道交通客流预测的评估和抗风险设计,城市轨道交通研究,2002.
[44]郭斯杰,工程风险与保险机制,台湾大学,台北,2003.
[45]李永盛,上海市崇明越江通道工程风险分析研究报告,同济大学,上海,2003.
[46]黄宏伟,武汉长江隧道工程灾害与风险分析研究报告,同济大学,上海,2003.
[47]建设部,地铁与地下工程建设技术风险管理指南,北京,2007.
[48]陈桂香,地铁工程项目的风险管理,同济大学,上海,2004.
[49]王岩,地铁区间隧道安全评估的层次-模糊综合判别法,地下空间,2004.
[50]陈龙,城市软土盾构隧道施工期风险分析与评估研究,同济大学,上海,2004.
[51]张少夏,影响隧道施工工期的风险分析,地下空间与工程学报,2005.
[52]胡群芳,基于底层变异的盾构隧道工程风险分析及其应用研究,同济大学,上海,2006.
[53]黄宏伟,隧道及地下工程的全寿命风险管理,科学出版社,2010.
[54]罗富荣,北京地铁工程安全风险控制体系及监控系统研究,北京交通大学,北京,2011.
[55]Peck P.B. Deep excavations and tunneling in soft ground. Proceeding of Seventh International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Mexico City, 1969.
[56]滕红军,城市隧道穿越地面建筑物的安全风险控制,北京交通大学,北京,2007.
[57]Vittorio Guglielmetti, Piergiorgio Grasso. Mechanized Tunnelling in Urban Area. Leiden: Taylor & Francis,2008.