砂卵石地层盾构施工对邻近建筑物影响及控制研究
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摘要
在城市地下开挖隧道时,地面构筑物和地下管线密集,盾构施工过程中不可避免地会对地层产生扰动,它包括盾构对土体的挤压和松动、加载与卸载、孔隙水压上升与下降所引起土性的变异、地表隆起与下沉等,从而对地铁施工及既有地面建筑和地下管线等市政设施的安全性产生不利的影响。
本文以成都地铁2号线(西延线)二期工程土建1标为工程背景,分别从理论分析、数值模拟、对现场实测数据的分析及施工中常采用的的工程措施等角度来研究隧道施工对建筑物的影响,完成的主要研究工作如下：
(1)基于成都地铁2号线(西延线)二期工程具体情况,在砂卵石地层条件下对隧道下穿邻近建筑物进行动态施工数值模拟,通过地表沉降、结构内力及基础变形等方面的研究。同时,结合现场量测数据与数值模拟的对比分析,对数值模拟结果的正确性进行评估,从而得到建筑结构与隧道的相互影响规律。
(2)阐述了地铁隧道施工对建筑物影响的评价原则和标准,为将隧道开挖的损害效应控制在合理范围内,总结建筑物安全控制标准制定的基本原则与具体实施方法。
(3)结合成都地区特殊的地质情况,总结保证建筑物安全的盾构施工前后的工程措施与监控量测体系,为解决类似的盾构施工而引起的周边环境问题提供参考。
When tunneling in the urban underground, surface structures and underground pipelines is very intensive, so the construction process will inevitably cause perturbations on the formation, which includes shield extrusion and loosening the soil, loaded with uninstallpore water pressure rise and fall.This will cause the soil properties change, surface uplift and subsidence, and these changes will adversely affect the safety of subway construction and the existing surface buildings and underground pipelines and other municipal facilities.
This thesis bases on Chengdu Metro Line2(West Extension Line) Phase Ⅱ project in the first tenders of the civil. The main purpose of this thesis is to study the impact of tunnel construction on the building from the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, analysis of the perspective of the construction of field data and the often used engineering measures.The article mainly ineludes the following Parts:
1. Based on the specific circumstances of the second phase project of the Chengdu Metro Line2(West Extension Line), to analyze the surface subsidence, the internal forces of structure and the deformations of foundations by numerical simulation when the tunnel is under construction through the surface buildings in pebble strat. Through comparative analysis of the field measurement datas and the numerical simulation, to check the correctness of the numerical simulation results,further to get the laws of the interaction of the buildings and tunnels.
2. Discusses the evaluation principles and standards of the subway tunnel construction through the surface buildings, to control effecttly the damages to buildings within reasonable limits as the tunnel excavation,then to summarize the basic principles and the specific implementation measures of building safety.
3. Combined with the special geological conditions in Chengdu, to conclude the engineering measures and monitoring and feedback system to ensure building safety before and after the shield construction, in order to provide a reference for the shield construction to solve the similar surrounding e environmental issues.
本文以成都地铁2号线(西延线)二期工程土建1标为工程背景,分别从理论分析、数值模拟、对现场实测数据的分析及施工中常采用的的工程措施等角度来研究隧道施工对建筑物的影响,完成的主要研究工作如下：
(1)基于成都地铁2号线(西延线)二期工程具体情况,在砂卵石地层条件下对隧道下穿邻近建筑物进行动态施工数值模拟,通过地表沉降、结构内力及基础变形等方面的研究。同时,结合现场量测数据与数值模拟的对比分析,对数值模拟结果的正确性进行评估,从而得到建筑结构与隧道的相互影响规律。
(2)阐述了地铁隧道施工对建筑物影响的评价原则和标准,为将隧道开挖的损害效应控制在合理范围内,总结建筑物安全控制标准制定的基本原则与具体实施方法。
(3)结合成都地区特殊的地质情况,总结保证建筑物安全的盾构施工前后的工程措施与监控量测体系,为解决类似的盾构施工而引起的周边环境问题提供参考。
When tunneling in the urban underground, surface structures and underground pipelines is very intensive, so the construction process will inevitably cause perturbations on the formation, which includes shield extrusion and loosening the soil, loaded with uninstallpore water pressure rise and fall.This will cause the soil properties change, surface uplift and subsidence, and these changes will adversely affect the safety of subway construction and the existing surface buildings and underground pipelines and other municipal facilities.
This thesis bases on Chengdu Metro Line2(West Extension Line) Phase Ⅱ project in the first tenders of the civil. The main purpose of this thesis is to study the impact of tunnel construction on the building from the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, analysis of the perspective of the construction of field data and the often used engineering measures.The article mainly ineludes the following Parts:
1. Based on the specific circumstances of the second phase project of the Chengdu Metro Line2(West Extension Line), to analyze the surface subsidence, the internal forces of structure and the deformations of foundations by numerical simulation when the tunnel is under construction through the surface buildings in pebble strat. Through comparative analysis of the field measurement datas and the numerical simulation, to check the correctness of the numerical simulation results,further to get the laws of the interaction of the buildings and tunnels.
2. Discusses the evaluation principles and standards of the subway tunnel construction through the surface buildings, to control effecttly the damages to buildings within reasonable limits as the tunnel excavation,then to summarize the basic principles and the specific implementation measures of building safety.
3. Combined with the special geological conditions in Chengdu, to conclude the engineering measures and monitoring and feedback system to ensure building safety before and after the shield construction, in order to provide a reference for the shield construction to solve the similar surrounding e environmental issues.
引文
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[3]日本隧道盾构新技术研究会编著.日本隧道盾构新技术.朱振宏,李玉珍,袁少军等译.华中理工大学出版社,1999：54-71
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[6]易宏伟,孙钧.盾构施工对软粘土的扰动机理分析.上海：同济大学学报,2000.
[7]Lunardi P."Design and constructing tunnels-ADECO-RS approach."[J] Tunnels & Tunnelling International special supplement May 2000.
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[10]高少强.盾构施工过程中地层变形的机理分析及控制措施.石家庄铁路工程职业技术学院学报.2004.9
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[17]T.Sugiyama,T.Hagiwaar,T.Nomoto,M.Nomoto,YAno,K.J.Mai,M.D.Bolotn,K.Soga.Obs- ervations of ground movements during tunnel construction by slurry shield method at the Docklands light railway Lewisham extemsion-East London,Soils and Foundations,1999
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[26]Mair R J,taylor R N.Burland J.B. Predietion of ground movements and assessment of risk buildingDamage due to bored tunneling,in:Proeeedings Geotechnical Aspect of Under ground Construction In soil Ground.Roterdaln:The Netherlands Press, 1996,713-718
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[29]王占生,王梦恕.盾构施工对周围建筑物的安全影响及处理措施[J].中国安全科学报,2002,12(2)：45-50
[30]刘波,圣国,龙光,孟雄.地铁盾构施工引起邻近基础沉降的FLAC元数值模拟.煤炭科学技术.Vol 30 No10,2002年10月.9～11
[31]刘江峰,漆泰岳,吴占瑞.盾构下穿密集房屋群诱发地表沉降及建筑物变形的影响研究.公路隧道,2009
[32]王善勇,春安,述红,培炎.地铁开挖对地基沉降影响的数值分析.东北大学学报(自 然科学版)Vol 23 No.92002年9月.887～890
[33]刘毅.地铁隧道开挖对建筑结构沉降控制标准研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2009.5
[34]谢晋水.地铁隧道用暗挖法穿越建筑群下的软流塑地层.铁道建筑,2004年第9期,7～20
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[36]彭畅,极雨林,骆汉宾,李小青,吴贤国.双线盾构施工对邻近建筑物影响的数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2008,27(增刊)：3868-3876。
[37]L.T.Chen,H-G.Poulos,et al.Pile Responses Caused by Tunneling[J].Journal of Geotech-nical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2007,207-225
[38]张付林.盾构下穿浅基础建筑物群施工影响分析.现代城市轨道交通,2010,6
[39]刘强.盾构下穿建筑物沉降规律与远程自动监测系统研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2010,9
[40]韩煊,李宁,Jamie R.Standing地层位移引起建筑物变形特性分析.土木工程学报,2011
[41]牛宗涛.采动区建筑物变形特性研究与工程应用.西安科技大学学位论文,2008
[42]侯艳娟.城市隧道施工影响下地层与建筑物结构的动态作用关系及其应用.北京交通大学博士学位论文,2010
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[2]姚宣德,王梦恕.地铁浅埋暗挖法施工引起的地表沉降控制标准的统计分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2006
[3]日本隧道盾构新技术研究会编著.日本隧道盾构新技术.朱振宏,李玉珍,袁少军等译.华中理工大学出版社,1999：54-71
[4]Hvorslev M J. Subsurface exploration and sampling of soils for civil engi- neering purposes [M].New York:American Society of Civil Engineers,1949.
[5]魏汝龙.软粘土的强度与变形[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1987.
[6]易宏伟,孙钧.盾构施工对软粘土的扰动机理分析.上海：同济大学学报,2000.
[7]Lunardi P."Design and constructing tunnels-ADECO-RS approach."[J] Tunnels & Tunnelling International special supplement May 2000.
[8]漆泰岳,高波,马亮.富水软土地层地铁开挖地表沉降离心模型试验.成都：西南交通大学学报,2006,4
[9]漆泰岳,谭代明,高波.富水软土地层地铁隧道开挖地层固结沉降数值模拟.铜业工程,2010
[10]高少强.盾构施工过程中地层变形的机理分析及控制措施.石家庄铁路工程职业技术学院学报.2004.9
[11]骆驰,漆泰岳,刘毅,张发志.地铁隧道施工过程的数值模拟与工法比选.大连：大连民族学院学报,2009,5
[12]Attewell,P.B.,Yeates,J. and Selby,A.R.Soil movements induced by tunneling and their effects on pipelines and structures.Blackie,Glasgow,1986.
[13]Martos F.,Concerning an approximate equation of subsidence trough and its time faetors [A],Proc.of the International Strata Control Congress[C],LeiPzig, 1958
[14]Peck,R.B.Deep excavations and tunnelling in soft ground. Proc.7th Int. Conf. SMFE. Mexico City. State of the Art Volume, 225-290,1969.
[15]Clough G W,Sehmidt B.Design and performance of excavations and tunnels in soft clay [M] Soft Clay Engineering, Brand E W, Brenner R P(eds.):Elsevier Science Publishing Company, New York, 1981,569-634.
[16]O'Reilly M.P, Evaluating and predicting ground settlements caused by tunneling in London clay Tunnelling,88,1988
[17]T.Sugiyama,T.Hagiwaar,T.Nomoto,M.Nomoto,YAno,K.J.Mai,M.D.Bolotn,K.Soga.Obs- ervations of ground movements during tunnel construction by slurry shield method at the Docklands light railway Lewisham extemsion-East London,Soils and Foundations,1999
[18]刘建航,侯学渊.盾构法隧道.北京：中国铁道出版社,1991
[19]T.B.Celestino,R.A.M.P.Gomes and A.A.Bortolucci.Errors in ground distortions due to settlement through adjustment Tunnelling and Underground space Technology,VO1(15), No.1,P.P97-100,2000
[20]李桂花.盾构法施工引起的地表沉陷估算方法.同济大学学报,1984,12(2)：20-22
[21]Burland J B,Wroth C P. Settlement of buildings andassociated damage[C]//SOA Review.Proceedings of aconference on settlement of structures.ritish Geotechnical Society.ondon:Pentech Press,1974
[22]Burland J B, Broms B B, DeMello V F B. Behaviour of foundations and structures[C]/ /SOA report. Proc. of the 9th Int.Conf. on Soil Mech.and Found.Eng.,Tokyo,1977
[23]Boscardin M D,Cording E J.Building response to excavation-induced settlement[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1989,115(1):1-21
[24]Boone S J. Ground-movement-related building damage[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1996,122(11):886-896
[25]Burland J B.Assessment of risk of damage to building due to tunneling and excavation. In:1st International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering: vol. Invited speci-al lecture to IS-Tkoyo 95,1995
[26]Mair R J,taylor R N.Burland J.B. Predietion of ground movements and assessment of risk buildingDamage due to bored tunneling,in:Proeeedings Geotechnical Aspect of Under ground Construction In soil Ground.Roterdaln:The Netherlands Press, 1996,713-718
[27]Breth H.Chambosse G.Settlement bellavior of buildings above subway tunnels in Frank-furt clay.In:Proe.Conf.on Settlement of structures.London,England:Pentech Press,1974.329-336
[28]漆泰岳,白永学,李斌.复杂断面地铁隧道开挖优化及对建筑物的影响.成都：南交通大学学报,2012,2
[29]王占生,王梦恕.盾构施工对周围建筑物的安全影响及处理措施[J].中国安全科学报,2002,12(2)：45-50
[30]刘波,圣国,龙光,孟雄.地铁盾构施工引起邻近基础沉降的FLAC元数值模拟.煤炭科学技术.Vol 30 No10,2002年10月.9～11
[31]刘江峰,漆泰岳,吴占瑞.盾构下穿密集房屋群诱发地表沉降及建筑物变形的影响研究.公路隧道,2009
[32]王善勇,春安,述红,培炎.地铁开挖对地基沉降影响的数值分析.东北大学学报(自 然科学版)Vol 23 No.92002年9月.887～890
[33]刘毅.地铁隧道开挖对建筑结构沉降控制标准研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2009.5
[34]谢晋水.地铁隧道用暗挖法穿越建筑群下的软流塑地层.铁道建筑,2004年第9期,7～20
[35]Forth R A,Thorley C B.Hong Kong Island Line Predictions and performance. In:Mair R J,Taylor R N Editor.Proceedings Geotechnical Aspect of Underground Construction in Soil Ground Roterdam:BaIkema,1996.677-682
[36]彭畅,极雨林,骆汉宾,李小青,吴贤国.双线盾构施工对邻近建筑物影响的数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2008,27(增刊)：3868-3876。
[37]L.T.Chen,H-G.Poulos,et al.Pile Responses Caused by Tunneling[J].Journal of Geotech-nical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2007,207-225
[38]张付林.盾构下穿浅基础建筑物群施工影响分析.现代城市轨道交通,2010,6
[39]刘强.盾构下穿建筑物沉降规律与远程自动监测系统研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2010,9
[40]韩煊,李宁,Jamie R.Standing地层位移引起建筑物变形特性分析.土木工程学报,2011
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