超大跨度混合梁斜拉桥施工控制中的温度影响
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摘要
超大跨度混合梁斜拉桥施工控制的主要目的是保证施工过程的安全并使成桥线型和内力最大限度地满足设计要求。影响超大跨度混合梁斜拉桥施工控制精度的因素很多,有结构参数、施工工艺、施工监测、结构计算分析模型、温度以及收缩、徐变的影响。其中,在施工过程中,温度是影响控制精度的一个非常重要的因素。
本文以荆岳长江公路大桥主跨816m混合梁斜拉桥作为工程背景,分析了混合梁斜拉桥结构内部的温度场。对钢箱梁、混凝土箱梁、斜拉索、主塔的结构平均温度随时间的变化规律以及它们内部各点温度随时间的变化规律作了测试说明,也分析了钢箱梁、混凝土梁、主塔、斜拉索对温度变化的敏感性,并且用指数函数拟合了分离式钢箱梁正温差的梯度模式。
以实际测试得到的结构内部温度场数据为基础,通过数值计算的方法,计算得到结构单元的轴向应变和挠曲变形曲率,并且以轴向应变和曲率作为温度参数,输入计算程序中,用有限元的方法计算温度对混合梁斜拉桥结构内力和变形的影响。分析说明了温度对施工过程中对主梁标高、结构应力和斜拉索索力的影响规律以及对温度的敏感性,并运用理论计算的方法分析了温度对结构应力的影响和施工中各次结构体系转换时温度对结构内力和变形的影响。
通过计算温度对混合梁斜拉桥各个状态变量的影响量,再根据大量的实测数据,对施工过程中主梁精匹配标高的温度影响提出了一套简便、实用、准确的定量修正方法;对斜拉索第二张张拉索力的温度影响提出了回避温度的措施和定性的温度修正方法,对将来混合梁斜拉桥施工中处理温度影响问题有一定的参考价值。
The main aim of ultra-long span composite cable-stayed bridge construction control is guaranteeing the satefy of the congstrution process and making the linetype and the internal force as large as possible accord with the demand of the design ,when the bridge is finished. Many main factors influence the precision of ultra-long span cable-stayed bridge construction control, for example parameter of structure, technics of construction, monitor and measure during construction, the model of structure for calculating and analysis, temperature, shrinkage and creep of concrete. In all factors, temperature is a main factor influencing the precision of bridge construction control.
Basing on the JingYue Yangtze River Highway Bridge (mainspan 816m) ultra-long span cable-stayed bridge, this dissertation analyzed the temperature fields of typical concrete cable-stayed bridge with the girder of internai structure type section, and elucidated the rules of steel box girder , concrete box girder and the tower average and inside temperature which are relative to the time, and the sensitivity of the steel box girder , concrete box girder, tower and cable to the temperature was analyzed.And piecewise function was used to fitting temperature changes of the top and bottom slab of separate steel box girder.
According to the fields of the temperature which from the test are based on data and by the numerical method calculating strain along axis and curvature,i.e taking the strain along axis and curvature as temperature parameter, adopting finite element method to calculate the quantity which temperature influence the Internal force and deformationof whole structure. The dissertation elucidated the rules of which temperature influence the level and cable force during the construction, the sensitivity of the level and the cable force to the temperature, And the use of theoretical methods to analyze the impact of temperature on the structural stress and the construction of the structures with temperature on the conversion of deformation and internal force.
Basing on the calculating the influence of the state variable of the cable-stayed bridge produced by the temperature, a simple, convenient, applied and exact method for temperature revision of the form setting levels of every girder was positioned according to the abundant measuring data.On the cable-stayed Cable Force second temperature of measures proposed to avoid temperature and qualitative methods of temperature correction. Construction of hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge in the future to deal with temperature to a certain reference value
本文以荆岳长江公路大桥主跨816m混合梁斜拉桥作为工程背景,分析了混合梁斜拉桥结构内部的温度场。对钢箱梁、混凝土箱梁、斜拉索、主塔的结构平均温度随时间的变化规律以及它们内部各点温度随时间的变化规律作了测试说明,也分析了钢箱梁、混凝土梁、主塔、斜拉索对温度变化的敏感性,并且用指数函数拟合了分离式钢箱梁正温差的梯度模式。
以实际测试得到的结构内部温度场数据为基础,通过数值计算的方法,计算得到结构单元的轴向应变和挠曲变形曲率,并且以轴向应变和曲率作为温度参数,输入计算程序中,用有限元的方法计算温度对混合梁斜拉桥结构内力和变形的影响。分析说明了温度对施工过程中对主梁标高、结构应力和斜拉索索力的影响规律以及对温度的敏感性,并运用理论计算的方法分析了温度对结构应力的影响和施工中各次结构体系转换时温度对结构内力和变形的影响。
通过计算温度对混合梁斜拉桥各个状态变量的影响量,再根据大量的实测数据,对施工过程中主梁精匹配标高的温度影响提出了一套简便、实用、准确的定量修正方法;对斜拉索第二张张拉索力的温度影响提出了回避温度的措施和定性的温度修正方法,对将来混合梁斜拉桥施工中处理温度影响问题有一定的参考价值。
The main aim of ultra-long span composite cable-stayed bridge construction control is guaranteeing the satefy of the congstrution process and making the linetype and the internal force as large as possible accord with the demand of the design ,when the bridge is finished. Many main factors influence the precision of ultra-long span cable-stayed bridge construction control, for example parameter of structure, technics of construction, monitor and measure during construction, the model of structure for calculating and analysis, temperature, shrinkage and creep of concrete. In all factors, temperature is a main factor influencing the precision of bridge construction control.
Basing on the JingYue Yangtze River Highway Bridge (mainspan 816m) ultra-long span cable-stayed bridge, this dissertation analyzed the temperature fields of typical concrete cable-stayed bridge with the girder of internai structure type section, and elucidated the rules of steel box girder , concrete box girder and the tower average and inside temperature which are relative to the time, and the sensitivity of the steel box girder , concrete box girder, tower and cable to the temperature was analyzed.And piecewise function was used to fitting temperature changes of the top and bottom slab of separate steel box girder.
According to the fields of the temperature which from the test are based on data and by the numerical method calculating strain along axis and curvature,i.e taking the strain along axis and curvature as temperature parameter, adopting finite element method to calculate the quantity which temperature influence the Internal force and deformationof whole structure. The dissertation elucidated the rules of which temperature influence the level and cable force during the construction, the sensitivity of the level and the cable force to the temperature, And the use of theoretical methods to analyze the impact of temperature on the structural stress and the construction of the structures with temperature on the conversion of deformation and internal force.
Basing on the calculating the influence of the state variable of the cable-stayed bridge produced by the temperature, a simple, convenient, applied and exact method for temperature revision of the form setting levels of every girder was positioned according to the abundant measuring data.On the cable-stayed Cable Force second temperature of measures proposed to avoid temperature and qualitative methods of temperature correction. Construction of hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge in the future to deal with temperature to a certain reference value
引文
[1]陈德伟,混凝土斜拉桥的施工控制[J].土木工程学报,1993(01),1-11.
[2]郝超.大跨度钢斜拉桥施工阶段非线性温度影响研究[J].公路交通科技, 2003(02), 63-66.
[3]侯俊明,彭晓彬.斜拉索索力的温度敏感性.长安:长安大学学报, 2002(04),34-36
[4]岳章胜.斜拉桥施工控制中的温度效应及测试研究[D]: [西南交通大学硕士学位论文] ,成都:西南交通大学桥梁与隧道工程,2008,1-70.
[5]陈德伟,混凝土斜拉桥的施工控制[J].土木工程学报,1994.1,1-11.
[6]陈岩,胡时胜.斜拉索桥索张力测量[J].实验力学,1997,9(3),36-38.
[7]范立础.桥梁工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[8]王社优,黄勇,斜拉桥施工控制中的温度影响[R].中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程学会论文集,1995,71-76.
[9]葛耀君,翟东,张国泉,混凝土斜拉桥温度场的试验研究[J].中国公路学报,1996.6。
[10]葛耀君等,甬江大桥主桥施工期温度场测试报告[R].上海城市建设学院,1992
[11] Emerson M. CALCULATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE IN BRIDGES [J] .EE/ Systems Engineering Today. 1973(LR 561), p.33.
[12] BS5400:Part2:1978. Steel, concrete and composite bridges ( Part 2. Specification for loads) [S] . British Standard Institute, 1978 ,20-23.
[13] F. Fleming: Nonlinear Static Analysis of Cable-Stayed Bridge Structures, Inter. J. Computers & Structures, Vol. 10.1979
[14]王正仪,吴土清,杨浦大桥上部结构施工温度监测[J].桥梁建设, 1994.2。
[15]盛术学,典型箱梁温度场分布规律的现场测试及分析[J].太原科技,2010.03
[16]金太学,夏岩昆,混凝土箱梁的温度场[J].东北公路,1999.3。
[17]公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥梁设计规范(JTJ023-85) [S].北京:人民交通出版社,1983.
[18] Reddy P, Ghaboussi J, Hawkins N M. Simulation of construction of cable-stayed bridges[J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 1999.4(4); 258-262
[19]中交公路规划设计院.公路桥涵设计通用规范(JTG D60-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004,88-89.
[20] AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications[S]. American Association of State (SECTION 3 (SI): LOADS AND LOAD FACTORS TABLE OF CONTENTS) [J]. High and Transportion Offcials,2004 ,96-98.
[21] Elbadry and Ghali .Temperature Variations in Concrete Bridges[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 109, No. 10. October, 1983.
[22]涂光亚.大跨度斜拉桥施工控制中的温度影响[D]: [长沙理工大学硕士学位论文] ,长沙:长沙理工大学桥梁与隧道工程,2002. 6-72.
[23]杨宁.无铺装层钢箱梁日照温度场及其效应研究[D]:[长沙理工大学硕士学位论文] ,长沙:长沙理工大学桥梁与隧道工程,2009,33-56.
[24] Z. P. Bazant, F. H.wittmann.Creep and Shrinkkage inConcrete Structures[J].JOHN WILEY & SONS 1982
[25]石雪飞,项海帆,斜拉桥施工控制方法的分类分析[J].同济大学学报,2001.1。
[26]中华人民共和国行业标准.铁路桥涵钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土结构设计规范(TB 10002.4-99)[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2000.
[27]黄震,斜拉桥施工控制中的温度效应分析[J].中国新技术新产品,2010.01
[28]高荣雄.混合梁斜拉桥施工控制的技术研究[D]: [武汉理工大学博士学位论文] ,武汉:武汉理工大学,2005.
[29]郭艳芬,斜拉桥成桥状态温度影响分析[J].西部交通科技,2008.06
[30]陈开利,混合梁斜拉桥的发展与展望[J].桥梁建设,2005.02
[31] Priestley M.J. DESIGN THERMAL GRADIENTS FOR CONCRETE BRIDGES[J] . New Zealand Engineering, 1976.31(9), p, 213-219.
[32] Priestley M.J. DESIGN OF CONCRETE Journal of The American Concrete Institute BRIDGES FOR TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS[J].1978, 75(5), 209-217.
[33] Mirambell and Aguad. Temperature and Stress Distributions in Concrete Box Girder Bridges[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 116, No. 9.September, 1990.
[34] Potgieter, IC; Gamble,Temperature Distributions.WL . Response of Highway Bridges to Nonlinear Civil Engineering Studies[C]. Fina Rrport, 1983.
[35] Lanigan, ACS TEMPERATURE STRESSES IN BOX-GIRDER BRIDGES , 1972.
[36] Priestley, M J N. Long Term Observation of Concrete Structures[D]:Analysis of Temperature Gradient Effects. Master Structure, Vol. 18, No. 116, pp309~316, Jul.–Aug. 1985
[37] Reddy P, Ghaboussi J, Hawkins N M. Simulation of construction of cable-stayedbridges[J] Journal of Bridge Engineering, 1999.4(4); 258-262
[38] SEIF S P, DILGER W H. Nonlinear analysis and collapse load of PC cable-stayed bridges[J]. Struct. , Egry. , ASCE, 1990, 116(3)
[39] Vecchio, F. Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frames Subjected to Thermal and Mechanical Loads[J] Journal of ACI Structure, Vol. 84(6), 1987
[40]颜东煌,斜拉桥合理设计状态确定与施工控制[D]: [湖南大学博士学位论文] ,长沙:湖南大学,2001。
[41]严国敏,现代斜拉桥[M].西南交通大学出版社。1996
[42]万国朝,90年代桥梁工程发展趋势[J].国外公路,1995.4
[43]石雪飞,斜拉桥结构参数估计及施工控制系统[D]: [同济大学博士学位论文] ,上海:同济大学,1999。
[44]陈定波.苏通长江公路大桥施工控制中的温度影响研究[J].四川建筑, 2008(04).
[45]陈华根,吴健生,陈冰,人工神经网络在基坑底板混凝土测温中的应用[J].同济大学学报,2001.2
[2]郝超.大跨度钢斜拉桥施工阶段非线性温度影响研究[J].公路交通科技, 2003(02), 63-66.
[3]侯俊明,彭晓彬.斜拉索索力的温度敏感性.长安:长安大学学报, 2002(04),34-36
[4]岳章胜.斜拉桥施工控制中的温度效应及测试研究[D]: [西南交通大学硕士学位论文] ,成都:西南交通大学桥梁与隧道工程,2008,1-70.
[5]陈德伟,混凝土斜拉桥的施工控制[J].土木工程学报,1994.1,1-11.
[6]陈岩,胡时胜.斜拉索桥索张力测量[J].实验力学,1997,9(3),36-38.
[7]范立础.桥梁工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[8]王社优,黄勇,斜拉桥施工控制中的温度影响[R].中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程学会论文集,1995,71-76.
[9]葛耀君,翟东,张国泉,混凝土斜拉桥温度场的试验研究[J].中国公路学报,1996.6。
[10]葛耀君等,甬江大桥主桥施工期温度场测试报告[R].上海城市建设学院,1992
[11] Emerson M. CALCULATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE IN BRIDGES [J] .EE/ Systems Engineering Today. 1973(LR 561), p.33.
[12] BS5400:Part2:1978. Steel, concrete and composite bridges ( Part 2. Specification for loads) [S] . British Standard Institute, 1978 ,20-23.
[13] F. Fleming: Nonlinear Static Analysis of Cable-Stayed Bridge Structures, Inter. J. Computers & Structures, Vol. 10.1979
[14]王正仪,吴土清,杨浦大桥上部结构施工温度监测[J].桥梁建设, 1994.2。
[15]盛术学,典型箱梁温度场分布规律的现场测试及分析[J].太原科技,2010.03
[16]金太学,夏岩昆,混凝土箱梁的温度场[J].东北公路,1999.3。
[17]公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥梁设计规范(JTJ023-85) [S].北京:人民交通出版社,1983.
[18] Reddy P, Ghaboussi J, Hawkins N M. Simulation of construction of cable-stayed bridges[J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 1999.4(4); 258-262
[19]中交公路规划设计院.公路桥涵设计通用规范(JTG D60-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004,88-89.
[20] AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications[S]. American Association of State (SECTION 3 (SI): LOADS AND LOAD FACTORS TABLE OF CONTENTS) [J]. High and Transportion Offcials,2004 ,96-98.
[21] Elbadry and Ghali .Temperature Variations in Concrete Bridges[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 109, No. 10. October, 1983.
[22]涂光亚.大跨度斜拉桥施工控制中的温度影响[D]: [长沙理工大学硕士学位论文] ,长沙:长沙理工大学桥梁与隧道工程,2002. 6-72.
[23]杨宁.无铺装层钢箱梁日照温度场及其效应研究[D]:[长沙理工大学硕士学位论文] ,长沙:长沙理工大学桥梁与隧道工程,2009,33-56.
[24] Z. P. Bazant, F. H.wittmann.Creep and Shrinkkage inConcrete Structures[J].JOHN WILEY & SONS 1982
[25]石雪飞,项海帆,斜拉桥施工控制方法的分类分析[J].同济大学学报,2001.1。
[26]中华人民共和国行业标准.铁路桥涵钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土结构设计规范(TB 10002.4-99)[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2000.
[27]黄震,斜拉桥施工控制中的温度效应分析[J].中国新技术新产品,2010.01
[28]高荣雄.混合梁斜拉桥施工控制的技术研究[D]: [武汉理工大学博士学位论文] ,武汉:武汉理工大学,2005.
[29]郭艳芬,斜拉桥成桥状态温度影响分析[J].西部交通科技,2008.06
[30]陈开利,混合梁斜拉桥的发展与展望[J].桥梁建设,2005.02
[31] Priestley M.J. DESIGN THERMAL GRADIENTS FOR CONCRETE BRIDGES[J] . New Zealand Engineering, 1976.31(9), p, 213-219.
[32] Priestley M.J. DESIGN OF CONCRETE Journal of The American Concrete Institute BRIDGES FOR TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS[J].1978, 75(5), 209-217.
[33] Mirambell and Aguad. Temperature and Stress Distributions in Concrete Box Girder Bridges[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 116, No. 9.September, 1990.
[34] Potgieter, IC; Gamble,Temperature Distributions.WL . Response of Highway Bridges to Nonlinear Civil Engineering Studies[C]. Fina Rrport, 1983.
[35] Lanigan, ACS TEMPERATURE STRESSES IN BOX-GIRDER BRIDGES , 1972.
[36] Priestley, M J N. Long Term Observation of Concrete Structures[D]:Analysis of Temperature Gradient Effects. Master Structure, Vol. 18, No. 116, pp309~316, Jul.–Aug. 1985
[37] Reddy P, Ghaboussi J, Hawkins N M. Simulation of construction of cable-stayedbridges[J] Journal of Bridge Engineering, 1999.4(4); 258-262
[38] SEIF S P, DILGER W H. Nonlinear analysis and collapse load of PC cable-stayed bridges[J]. Struct. , Egry. , ASCE, 1990, 116(3)
[39] Vecchio, F. Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frames Subjected to Thermal and Mechanical Loads[J] Journal of ACI Structure, Vol. 84(6), 1987
[40]颜东煌,斜拉桥合理设计状态确定与施工控制[D]: [湖南大学博士学位论文] ,长沙:湖南大学,2001。
[41]严国敏,现代斜拉桥[M].西南交通大学出版社。1996
[42]万国朝,90年代桥梁工程发展趋势[J].国外公路,1995.4
[43]石雪飞,斜拉桥结构参数估计及施工控制系统[D]: [同济大学博士学位论文] ,上海:同济大学,1999。
[44]陈定波.苏通长江公路大桥施工控制中的温度影响研究[J].四川建筑, 2008(04).
[45]陈华根,吴健生,陈冰,人工神经网络在基坑底板混凝土测温中的应用[J].同济大学学报,2001.2