东风湖泉域地下水数值模拟与保护对策研究
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摘要
岩溶地区地下水资源是维持泉流量、满足工农业生产需求的重要水资源。近年来受人类活动的影响,我国北方泉流量逐年减少,甚至断流,对生态环境造成危害。因此,分析岩溶地区泉流量影响因素、模拟泉流量动态变化过程,对地下水资源管理和泉域生态环境保护具有重要的意义。
本论文以东风湖泉域地下水资源为研究对象,进行了地下水开发利用现状研究,指出了开发利用过程中存在的问题,采用排泄量法和补给量法对泉域地下水资源量进行了评价,并根据泉域多年地下水位、降水量及泉流量进行了地下水动态研究。
本文在收集和分析区域地质、水文地质资料的基础上,利用地下水数值计算模型Visual MODFLOW,建立了泉域地下水数值模型。利用地下水位和泉流量观测资料,确定了泉域水文地质参数。利用实测资料对模型进一步进行了验证。结果表明,建立的地下水数值模型较为可靠,可以用来模拟和预测泉域地下水动态及泉流量变化。在水量平衡分析的基础上,对影响泉域地下水变化因素进行了全面分析,揭示了区域降水、河、渠等地表水和地下水开采对泉流量的影响。
总之,通过对东风湖泉域岩溶地下水资源的研究,本论文取得了可靠的评价结果,为东风湖泉域岩溶地下水资源的合理开发和高效利用提供了科学依据。
Groundwater in karst area is very precious for water resources to sustain basic spring discharge and to satisfy water requirement of industry, agriculture and living.Spring discharge is deceased significantly or even disappeared in the north China in recent years due to artificial influences, which endangers ecology and environment in the region.Therefore, it is very important for groundwater resources management and ecological and environmental protection to analyze influences to spring discharge and simulate their variations.
This article takes ground water resources of Dongfenghu spring basin as the research object, the status of groundwater developing has been researched, and we pointed out the problems during exploitation and utilization; the paper have researched the karst groundwater resources quantity of discharge and recharge two ways; and in terms of its water level, precipitation and spring flow, the trend of karst groundwater has been researched.
A numeicial groundwater model is developed using Visual MODFLOW and its calculation was based on geology and hydrogeological data in the study area. The hydrogeological parameters are calibrated by comparing observed and simulated groundwater tables and spring discharge. Influences of precipitation, surface water from rivers, channela and reservoirs and groundwater withdrawals to spring discharge variations are revealed through water balance analysis.The numerical model was further verified according to the actual observation data. The study results show that the model is reliable for groundwater flow simulation, and is able to predict the variations of the groundwater levels and spring discharge in this area.
To sum up, this paper gained credible results from the study on karst groundwater resources of Dongfenghu Spring basin , this can affords scientific basis on reasonable and hing effective utilization at karst groundwater resources of Dongfenghu Spring basin.
本论文以东风湖泉域地下水资源为研究对象,进行了地下水开发利用现状研究,指出了开发利用过程中存在的问题,采用排泄量法和补给量法对泉域地下水资源量进行了评价,并根据泉域多年地下水位、降水量及泉流量进行了地下水动态研究。
本文在收集和分析区域地质、水文地质资料的基础上,利用地下水数值计算模型Visual MODFLOW,建立了泉域地下水数值模型。利用地下水位和泉流量观测资料,确定了泉域水文地质参数。利用实测资料对模型进一步进行了验证。结果表明,建立的地下水数值模型较为可靠,可以用来模拟和预测泉域地下水动态及泉流量变化。在水量平衡分析的基础上,对影响泉域地下水变化因素进行了全面分析,揭示了区域降水、河、渠等地表水和地下水开采对泉流量的影响。
总之,通过对东风湖泉域岩溶地下水资源的研究,本论文取得了可靠的评价结果,为东风湖泉域岩溶地下水资源的合理开发和高效利用提供了科学依据。
Groundwater in karst area is very precious for water resources to sustain basic spring discharge and to satisfy water requirement of industry, agriculture and living.Spring discharge is deceased significantly or even disappeared in the north China in recent years due to artificial influences, which endangers ecology and environment in the region.Therefore, it is very important for groundwater resources management and ecological and environmental protection to analyze influences to spring discharge and simulate their variations.
This article takes ground water resources of Dongfenghu spring basin as the research object, the status of groundwater developing has been researched, and we pointed out the problems during exploitation and utilization; the paper have researched the karst groundwater resources quantity of discharge and recharge two ways; and in terms of its water level, precipitation and spring flow, the trend of karst groundwater has been researched.
A numeicial groundwater model is developed using Visual MODFLOW and its calculation was based on geology and hydrogeological data in the study area. The hydrogeological parameters are calibrated by comparing observed and simulated groundwater tables and spring discharge. Influences of precipitation, surface water from rivers, channela and reservoirs and groundwater withdrawals to spring discharge variations are revealed through water balance analysis.The numerical model was further verified according to the actual observation data. The study results show that the model is reliable for groundwater flow simulation, and is able to predict the variations of the groundwater levels and spring discharge in this area.
To sum up, this paper gained credible results from the study on karst groundwater resources of Dongfenghu Spring basin , this can affords scientific basis on reasonable and hing effective utilization at karst groundwater resources of Dongfenghu Spring basin.
引文
[1]吴季松.水资源及其管理的研究与应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000
[2]薛禹群,谢春红.地下水数值模拟[M].北京:科学出版社,2007
[4]陈梦熊.地下水资源未来危机[J].水文地质工程地质:1994 (6):52~53
[5]陈梦熊,马凤山.中国地下水资源与环境[M].北京:中国地震出版社,2002
[6]薛禹群.地下水动力学原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1986
[7]丁继红,周德亮,马生忠.国外地下水模拟软件的发展现状与趋势[J].勘察科学与技术,2002(1):37~42
[8] Wang H. F&J. Peraric. Introduction to Groundwater Modeling [J].Journal of Hydrology,1983,66(2):379~380
[9] Tissa H. Illangasekare, Hubert J. Morel Seytoux. A discrete kernel simulation model for conjunctive management of a stream Aquifer system[J].Journal of Hydrology,1986,85(3):319~338
[10] Eddebbarh Al,Carlson,etc. Groundwater modeling using an integrate large capacity finite element model for multiple aquifer groundwater flow [C].Proceedings of the 1996 Symposium on Subsurface Fluid Flow Modeling,1996,1:22~23
[11] Hsieh PA,Freckleton. Geological Survey's modular three dimensional finite difference ground water flow model[R].U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report,1993,92~477
[12]张立杰.数值模拟技术在地下水资源优化开采研究中的应用[C].中国水利协会2002学术年会论文集,414~417
[13]宫辉力,吕卫.地理信息系统(GIS)在地下水领域应用的一些新进展[J].工程勘察,1996,(6):28~31
[14] Yeh W W G. On the computation of Galerkin velocity and mass balance:The finite element modeling of groundwater flow[M].Water Resources Research,1981,17(5):1529~1634
[15] Cooley R L.Incorporation on parameters into nonlinear regression groundwater flow model theory[J].Water Resources Research,1982,18(4):965~976
[16] Cooley R L. Incorporation on parameters into nonlinear regression groundwater flow model.2,Application[J].Water Resources Research,1983,19(3):662~676
[17] Xue Y Q,Xie C H,Wu J C. A numerical model of the seawater intrusion in coastal aquifer[C].Proceeding of the International Conference on Modeling Groundwater Flow and Pollution. Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,1991,13~20
[18] Chen J Z. Research in the mid and long term forecast model of groundwater resources[C].Proceeding of the International Conference on Modeling Groundwater Flow andPollution.Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,1991,149~157
[19]吴剑锋,朱学愚,费光灿.口泉沟南岩溶裂隙水水源地环境同位素研究和地下水资源评价[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997,25(3):35~39
[20]朱学愚,孙克让.佳木斯市地下水水量水质模型[J].水科学进展,1994,5(1):40~49
[21]陈崇希.地下水开采–地面沉降数值模拟及防治对策研究[M].中国地质大学出版,2001
[22] Shu Guang Li,Dennis McLaughlin. A Non stationary Spectral Method for Solving Stochastic Groundwater Problems: Unconditional Analysis[M].Water Resources Research,1991,27(7):1589~1605
[23] Harbaugh. A.W, McDonald. M.Cx Programmer's Documentation for Modflow,An update to the U.S.Geological Survey Modular Finite Difference Ground Water Flow Model[R].U.S.G S.,Open file Report,1996,96~486
[24]武强,董东林,武钢等.水资源评价的可视化专业软件(Visual Modflow)与应用潜力[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,(5):21~23
[25]魏云杰,许模,刘健.Visual Modflow软件及其在砂岩型铀矿成矿水文地质条件研究中的应用潜力分析[[J].铀矿地质,2003, 19(1)
[26]李文跃,张博,洪梅等.Visual Modflow在大庆龙西地区地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].世界地质,2003, 22(2):161~165
[27] Kinzelbach W. Groundwater Modeling An Introduction with Sample Programs in BASIC [J].Elsevier science Publishers,Amsterdam,1986
[28]李超群,朱国荣,高元宝.GMS在姑山铁矿东南区排土场地下水渗流场的应用初探[J].勘查科学技术,2004,(2):26~28
[29]祝晓彬,吴吉春,叶淑君等.GMS在长江三角洲深层地下水资源评价中的应用[J].工程勘查,2005, (1): 26~33
[30] Carma S J,Kenneth, K. E. Conceptualizetion charzcterization and numerical modeling of the Jeckson Holealluvial aquifer using ArcInfo Modelflow[J].Engineering Geology,1996,42 (2~3):119~137
[31] S.G Li,Q.S. Huang. Interactive and Real Time Groundwater Modeling:An Innovative Software Tool for Active Student Learning and Exploration[C].Proceedings of 1999 International Water Resources Engineering Conference,1999,7(8)
[32] Freg Pohll etal.Modeling Ground Water Flow and Radioactive Transport in a Fratured Aquifer[J].Ground Water,1999,37(5):770~784
[33] Werner Erhart Schippek, Herbert Mascha. Dynamic Groundwater management system based on GIS [C].Water Resources and the urban environmennt 98, ASCE, 1998, 667~675
[34] Pinder Cx F., J.D.Bredehoeft.Application of the digital computer for aquifeevaluation.Water Resource[J].1968,4(5):1069~1093.
[35]薛禹群,杜吉春.地下水数值模拟在我国的回顾与展望[J].水文地质工程地质,1997,(4):21~24
[36] Steffen Birk. Characterisation of Karst Systems by Simulating Aquifer Genesis and Spring Responses: Model Development and Application to Gypsum Karst, Dissertation at the Geowissenschaftliche Fakultat, Universitat Tubingen[R].2002
[37] Gelhar, L. W.,Stochastic subsurface hydrology from theory to application, Water Resources Research[J].1986,22(9):1358~1458
[38] Zhu Xueyu, Liu Jianli,Zhu Junjie etc.Characteristics of distribution and transport of petroleum contaminants in fracture karst water in Zibo Area,Shandong Province [J].China. SC1ENCE IN CHINA 2000,43(2):141~150
[39]甘肃省地质矿产局第二水文地质工程地质队.甘肃省河西走廊中东段地下水资源及合理开发利用研究[R].1991.1
[40]王大纯等.水文地质学基础[M].北京:地质出版社,1986,27~31
[41]杨成田等.专门水文地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1985,104~117
[42]王永庆,贾忠华,刘晓峰等.Visual MODFLOW及其在地下水模拟中的应用[J].水资源与水工程学报,2007.10,18(5):90~92
[43]王文科,李俊亭.地下水流数值模拟的发展与展望[J].西北地质,1995,16(5):52~56
[44]徐乐昌.地下水模拟常用软件介绍[J].铀矿冶,2001.2,21(1): 33~37
[45] Reevea A S,Warzochaa J.etal.Regional groundwater flow modeling of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands, Minnesotal[J].Journal of Hydrology.2001,243(1~2):94~100.
[46]林学钰,焦雨.石家庄市地下水资源的科学管理[J].长春地质学院学报,1987,17(14)
[47]王浩然,王敏,朱国荣.孝妇河源头地区岩溶地下水资源可持续利用的对策支持研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2001.5,32~35
[48]叶海东.龙子伺泉岩溶流量衰减原因及防治对策[J].科技情报开发与经济,2006,16(15),148~149
[49]河北省环境地质勘查院邯郸勘查院,涉县水利局水资源综合管理办公室.河北省涉县地下水动态监测报告(2006年)[R].河北邯郸,2007年4月
[50]娘子关泉流量衰减原因的初步定量化分析[J].中国岩溶,2005,24(3),227~231
[51]孙中惠,刘建忠,郭建新等.太原兰村泉域水资源保护目标的制定与实践[J].水资源保护,1998.1,43~47
[52]姜宝良,付北锋,赵延涛.泉水动态分析预测和资源评价—以辉县百泉为例[J].水文地质工程地质,2002.3 43~46
[53]郝庆军.探析涉县东风湖泉域水资源与可持续利用[J].河北水利水电技术,2003(增刊)72~73
[54]张晓伦.Modflow在地下水资源评价中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2005,2 92~93
[55]河北省环境地质勘查院邯郸勘查院,涉县水利局水资源综合管理办公室.河北省涉县地水动态监测报告(1997~2004年)[R].河北邯郸,2005年6月
[2]薛禹群,谢春红.地下水数值模拟[M].北京:科学出版社,2007
[4]陈梦熊.地下水资源未来危机[J].水文地质工程地质:1994 (6):52~53
[5]陈梦熊,马凤山.中国地下水资源与环境[M].北京:中国地震出版社,2002
[6]薛禹群.地下水动力学原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1986
[7]丁继红,周德亮,马生忠.国外地下水模拟软件的发展现状与趋势[J].勘察科学与技术,2002(1):37~42
[8] Wang H. F&J. Peraric. Introduction to Groundwater Modeling [J].Journal of Hydrology,1983,66(2):379~380
[9] Tissa H. Illangasekare, Hubert J. Morel Seytoux. A discrete kernel simulation model for conjunctive management of a stream Aquifer system[J].Journal of Hydrology,1986,85(3):319~338
[10] Eddebbarh Al,Carlson,etc. Groundwater modeling using an integrate large capacity finite element model for multiple aquifer groundwater flow [C].Proceedings of the 1996 Symposium on Subsurface Fluid Flow Modeling,1996,1:22~23
[11] Hsieh PA,Freckleton. Geological Survey's modular three dimensional finite difference ground water flow model[R].U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report,1993,92~477
[12]张立杰.数值模拟技术在地下水资源优化开采研究中的应用[C].中国水利协会2002学术年会论文集,414~417
[13]宫辉力,吕卫.地理信息系统(GIS)在地下水领域应用的一些新进展[J].工程勘察,1996,(6):28~31
[14] Yeh W W G. On the computation of Galerkin velocity and mass balance:The finite element modeling of groundwater flow[M].Water Resources Research,1981,17(5):1529~1634
[15] Cooley R L.Incorporation on parameters into nonlinear regression groundwater flow model theory[J].Water Resources Research,1982,18(4):965~976
[16] Cooley R L. Incorporation on parameters into nonlinear regression groundwater flow model.2,Application[J].Water Resources Research,1983,19(3):662~676
[17] Xue Y Q,Xie C H,Wu J C. A numerical model of the seawater intrusion in coastal aquifer[C].Proceeding of the International Conference on Modeling Groundwater Flow and Pollution. Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,1991,13~20
[18] Chen J Z. Research in the mid and long term forecast model of groundwater resources[C].Proceeding of the International Conference on Modeling Groundwater Flow andPollution.Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,1991,149~157
[19]吴剑锋,朱学愚,费光灿.口泉沟南岩溶裂隙水水源地环境同位素研究和地下水资源评价[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997,25(3):35~39
[20]朱学愚,孙克让.佳木斯市地下水水量水质模型[J].水科学进展,1994,5(1):40~49
[21]陈崇希.地下水开采–地面沉降数值模拟及防治对策研究[M].中国地质大学出版,2001
[22] Shu Guang Li,Dennis McLaughlin. A Non stationary Spectral Method for Solving Stochastic Groundwater Problems: Unconditional Analysis[M].Water Resources Research,1991,27(7):1589~1605
[23] Harbaugh. A.W, McDonald. M.Cx Programmer's Documentation for Modflow,An update to the U.S.Geological Survey Modular Finite Difference Ground Water Flow Model[R].U.S.G S.,Open file Report,1996,96~486
[24]武强,董东林,武钢等.水资源评价的可视化专业软件(Visual Modflow)与应用潜力[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,(5):21~23
[25]魏云杰,许模,刘健.Visual Modflow软件及其在砂岩型铀矿成矿水文地质条件研究中的应用潜力分析[[J].铀矿地质,2003, 19(1)
[26]李文跃,张博,洪梅等.Visual Modflow在大庆龙西地区地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].世界地质,2003, 22(2):161~165
[27] Kinzelbach W. Groundwater Modeling An Introduction with Sample Programs in BASIC [J].Elsevier science Publishers,Amsterdam,1986
[28]李超群,朱国荣,高元宝.GMS在姑山铁矿东南区排土场地下水渗流场的应用初探[J].勘查科学技术,2004,(2):26~28
[29]祝晓彬,吴吉春,叶淑君等.GMS在长江三角洲深层地下水资源评价中的应用[J].工程勘查,2005, (1): 26~33
[30] Carma S J,Kenneth, K. E. Conceptualizetion charzcterization and numerical modeling of the Jeckson Holealluvial aquifer using ArcInfo Modelflow[J].Engineering Geology,1996,42 (2~3):119~137
[31] S.G Li,Q.S. Huang. Interactive and Real Time Groundwater Modeling:An Innovative Software Tool for Active Student Learning and Exploration[C].Proceedings of 1999 International Water Resources Engineering Conference,1999,7(8)
[32] Freg Pohll etal.Modeling Ground Water Flow and Radioactive Transport in a Fratured Aquifer[J].Ground Water,1999,37(5):770~784
[33] Werner Erhart Schippek, Herbert Mascha. Dynamic Groundwater management system based on GIS [C].Water Resources and the urban environmennt 98, ASCE, 1998, 667~675
[34] Pinder Cx F., J.D.Bredehoeft.Application of the digital computer for aquifeevaluation.Water Resource[J].1968,4(5):1069~1093.
[35]薛禹群,杜吉春.地下水数值模拟在我国的回顾与展望[J].水文地质工程地质,1997,(4):21~24
[36] Steffen Birk. Characterisation of Karst Systems by Simulating Aquifer Genesis and Spring Responses: Model Development and Application to Gypsum Karst, Dissertation at the Geowissenschaftliche Fakultat, Universitat Tubingen[R].2002
[37] Gelhar, L. W.,Stochastic subsurface hydrology from theory to application, Water Resources Research[J].1986,22(9):1358~1458
[38] Zhu Xueyu, Liu Jianli,Zhu Junjie etc.Characteristics of distribution and transport of petroleum contaminants in fracture karst water in Zibo Area,Shandong Province [J].China. SC1ENCE IN CHINA 2000,43(2):141~150
[39]甘肃省地质矿产局第二水文地质工程地质队.甘肃省河西走廊中东段地下水资源及合理开发利用研究[R].1991.1
[40]王大纯等.水文地质学基础[M].北京:地质出版社,1986,27~31
[41]杨成田等.专门水文地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1985,104~117
[42]王永庆,贾忠华,刘晓峰等.Visual MODFLOW及其在地下水模拟中的应用[J].水资源与水工程学报,2007.10,18(5):90~92
[43]王文科,李俊亭.地下水流数值模拟的发展与展望[J].西北地质,1995,16(5):52~56
[44]徐乐昌.地下水模拟常用软件介绍[J].铀矿冶,2001.2,21(1): 33~37
[45] Reevea A S,Warzochaa J.etal.Regional groundwater flow modeling of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands, Minnesotal[J].Journal of Hydrology.2001,243(1~2):94~100.
[46]林学钰,焦雨.石家庄市地下水资源的科学管理[J].长春地质学院学报,1987,17(14)
[47]王浩然,王敏,朱国荣.孝妇河源头地区岩溶地下水资源可持续利用的对策支持研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2001.5,32~35
[48]叶海东.龙子伺泉岩溶流量衰减原因及防治对策[J].科技情报开发与经济,2006,16(15),148~149
[49]河北省环境地质勘查院邯郸勘查院,涉县水利局水资源综合管理办公室.河北省涉县地下水动态监测报告(2006年)[R].河北邯郸,2007年4月
[50]娘子关泉流量衰减原因的初步定量化分析[J].中国岩溶,2005,24(3),227~231
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