溶藻菌的筛选及其溶藻特性的研究
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摘要
随着水体富营养化的加剧,藻类所引起的水污染问题已越来越引起人们的关注,淡水藻类污染已成为一个全球性的环境卫生问题。近年来,在物理化学方法治理水华不够理想的情况下,微生物方法控制有害藻类是生物控藻的研究热点,而且,溶藻菌在控制水华爆发方面有巨大的潜力和应用前景。
本实验选择了吉林省长春市一富营养化池塘为采样点。采用了培养基的方法分离得到了两株细菌,一株真菌；并通过菌落形态和特征,经伯杰手册鉴定,溶藻细菌为假单胞属,溶藻真菌为镰刀属。以导致水华暴发的常见藻类铜绿微囊藻为研究对象,系统研究了三株溶藻菌的溶藻效果,初步探讨了溶藻菌的溶藻机理。
实验设计了5组配比方案：(1)对照组,将藻悬液与无菌水混合培养；(2)将菌悬液与藻悬液混合培养；(3)将藻悬液与溶藻菌的培养基混合培养(4)将菌悬液与BG-11培养基混合培养；(5)将藻悬液与离心后菌的上清液混合培养。每组实验都设三个平行,每隔三天监测一次藻或菌的数量,本文藻的计数采用血球计数板法,细菌计数采用显微镜直接计数法,真菌计数采用菌落计数法。
研究结果表明：在25℃,光照强度为2500lux,光暗周期为14h:10h的培养条件下,铜绿微囊藻在无菌水中也能迅速的繁殖生长；在菌悬液与藻悬液混合培养当中,藻的数量急剧下降；而菌的培养基对藻的影响也不大,因为培养3—6天后。藻的数量仍呈明显的上升趋势；BG-11培养基对菌的影响也不大,因为菌的数量在3天后开始缓慢升高；在藻悬液和菌悬液混合培养中,藻数量下降,并不受培养基的干扰,证明溶藻菌有很好的溶藻效果；将菌的上清液与藻混合,藻的数量下降,证明了溶藻菌是间接溶藻方式,通过分泌胞外物质达到杀藻的目的。
本实验对溶藻菌释放的胞外物质做了初步研究,该菌株分泌的溶藻活性物质具有较强的热稳定性,在121℃下灭菌30min仍能保持较强的溶藻活性。
With the eutrophication increasing, people are paying more attention to the water pollution causde algae. Pollution caused by freshwater algae has become a global environmental issue so far. In recent years, since the control of water bloom by the physical and chemical method was less efficient, the bio-control, micrbiocontrol is the research hot spot these years. Now more attentions have focused on the issue that algae-lysing bacteria act as a possible factor to mitigate the adverse effects of HABa.
In this paper, We selected a eutrophic pond as the sampling points in Changchun, Jilin.Method using the medium of the two bacterial strains isolated,two fungus.Choose the microcystis aeruginosa which Leading to the common algae bloom of as the research object.systematic study the effect of bacteriaof a three lysing Preliminary study of the lysing lysing bacteria lytic mechanism.By colony morphology and characteristics of the manual by Berger identified algicidal bacteria Pseudomonas genus, lytic fungi Fusarium spp.
The experiment designed 5 groups:(1)CK,The algal suspension with sterile water mixed culture.(2)Bacterial suspension and the suspension will be mixed culture of algae.(3)The algal suspension and algicidal bacteria mixed culture medium.(4)The bacterial suspension mixed with the BG-11 medium culture;(5)Algal suspension mixed with supernatant after Centrifugal.Each set of three parallel experiments, once every three days to monitor the number of algae or bacteria, the count of the Wenzao plate method using blood cell counts, bacterial counts by microscope counting, count of fungal colony by count.
The result showed that:At 25℃, the Light intensity is 25001ux.Under the condition light and dark cycle is 14h:10h.Microcystis aeruginosa in sterile water can breed rapidly growing;Bacterial suspension and the suspension in the mixed culture of algae among the sharp decline in the number of algae.Bacteria and the impact of media on the algae is not large, because the culture 3-6 days.Algae continued to show a clear upward trend in the number of;BG-11 medium effect on bacteria is not large, because the number of bacteria increased slowly in 3 days.Algal suspension and bacterial suspension in the mixed culture, the algae decline, is not subject to the interference of the medium proved algicidal algicidal bacteria have a good effect.Supernatant of the bacteria and algae mixed down the number of algae proved algicidal algicidal bacteria is an indirect way, through the secretion of extracellular material to achieve the purpose of killing algae.
The active substance also showed strong temperature stability, it could keep algicidal activity when autoclaved at 121℃for 30 min.
本实验选择了吉林省长春市一富营养化池塘为采样点。采用了培养基的方法分离得到了两株细菌,一株真菌；并通过菌落形态和特征,经伯杰手册鉴定,溶藻细菌为假单胞属,溶藻真菌为镰刀属。以导致水华暴发的常见藻类铜绿微囊藻为研究对象,系统研究了三株溶藻菌的溶藻效果,初步探讨了溶藻菌的溶藻机理。
实验设计了5组配比方案：(1)对照组,将藻悬液与无菌水混合培养；(2)将菌悬液与藻悬液混合培养；(3)将藻悬液与溶藻菌的培养基混合培养(4)将菌悬液与BG-11培养基混合培养；(5)将藻悬液与离心后菌的上清液混合培养。每组实验都设三个平行,每隔三天监测一次藻或菌的数量,本文藻的计数采用血球计数板法,细菌计数采用显微镜直接计数法,真菌计数采用菌落计数法。
研究结果表明：在25℃,光照强度为2500lux,光暗周期为14h:10h的培养条件下,铜绿微囊藻在无菌水中也能迅速的繁殖生长；在菌悬液与藻悬液混合培养当中,藻的数量急剧下降；而菌的培养基对藻的影响也不大,因为培养3—6天后。藻的数量仍呈明显的上升趋势；BG-11培养基对菌的影响也不大,因为菌的数量在3天后开始缓慢升高；在藻悬液和菌悬液混合培养中,藻数量下降,并不受培养基的干扰,证明溶藻菌有很好的溶藻效果；将菌的上清液与藻混合,藻的数量下降,证明了溶藻菌是间接溶藻方式,通过分泌胞外物质达到杀藻的目的。
本实验对溶藻菌释放的胞外物质做了初步研究,该菌株分泌的溶藻活性物质具有较强的热稳定性,在121℃下灭菌30min仍能保持较强的溶藻活性。
With the eutrophication increasing, people are paying more attention to the water pollution causde algae. Pollution caused by freshwater algae has become a global environmental issue so far. In recent years, since the control of water bloom by the physical and chemical method was less efficient, the bio-control, micrbiocontrol is the research hot spot these years. Now more attentions have focused on the issue that algae-lysing bacteria act as a possible factor to mitigate the adverse effects of HABa.
In this paper, We selected a eutrophic pond as the sampling points in Changchun, Jilin.Method using the medium of the two bacterial strains isolated,two fungus.Choose the microcystis aeruginosa which Leading to the common algae bloom of as the research object.systematic study the effect of bacteriaof a three lysing Preliminary study of the lysing lysing bacteria lytic mechanism.By colony morphology and characteristics of the manual by Berger identified algicidal bacteria Pseudomonas genus, lytic fungi Fusarium spp.
The experiment designed 5 groups:(1)CK,The algal suspension with sterile water mixed culture.(2)Bacterial suspension and the suspension will be mixed culture of algae.(3)The algal suspension and algicidal bacteria mixed culture medium.(4)The bacterial suspension mixed with the BG-11 medium culture;(5)Algal suspension mixed with supernatant after Centrifugal.Each set of three parallel experiments, once every three days to monitor the number of algae or bacteria, the count of the Wenzao plate method using blood cell counts, bacterial counts by microscope counting, count of fungal colony by count.
The result showed that:At 25℃, the Light intensity is 25001ux.Under the condition light and dark cycle is 14h:10h.Microcystis aeruginosa in sterile water can breed rapidly growing;Bacterial suspension and the suspension in the mixed culture of algae among the sharp decline in the number of algae.Bacteria and the impact of media on the algae is not large, because the culture 3-6 days.Algae continued to show a clear upward trend in the number of;BG-11 medium effect on bacteria is not large, because the number of bacteria increased slowly in 3 days.Algal suspension and bacterial suspension in the mixed culture, the algae decline, is not subject to the interference of the medium proved algicidal algicidal bacteria have a good effect.Supernatant of the bacteria and algae mixed down the number of algae proved algicidal algicidal bacteria is an indirect way, through the secretion of extracellular material to achieve the purpose of killing algae.
The active substance also showed strong temperature stability, it could keep algicidal activity when autoclaved at 121℃for 30 min.
引文
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