滑雪馆建筑节能热工设计研究
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摘要
滑雪馆建筑是滑雪事业发展的产物,是一种相对年轻的新型公共建筑类型,集运动、休闲、娱乐、商业等功能于一身,在越来越多的城市功能中扮演着重要的角色。同时滑雪馆自身具有的庞大体量和很大的室内外温差,使其成为所有民用建筑中能耗很高的建筑。然而目前我国对滑雪馆这种大型公共建筑的设计、建设和运行还缺乏能耗监管的标准和规范,滑雪馆建筑的节能设计还缺乏技术指导。在全国大力推行建筑节能减排的形势下,研究滑雪馆建筑的节能设计具有重要的实用意义。
本文首先对滑雪馆建筑的特点进行了分析总结。通过资料的收集整理以及国内典型滑雪馆的现场调查,对滑雪馆建筑的功能分区、体型特点以及分类进行了初步的归纳,对滑雪大厅的物理环境要求和营造方式进行了分析讨论。为滑雪馆建筑的节能研究奠定了基础。
接着本文分析了滑雪馆建筑的节能要素和围护结构热工设计参数。主要从体型、朝向、围护结构保温隔热以及大厅热分层等方面进行了定性分析。通过建筑体形系数的分析,得出滑雪馆建筑的高宽比是影响节能的体形基本参数。通过对民用建筑节能设计标准和冷库设计规范中围护结构热工要求的温差类比分析,提出滑雪馆建筑围护结构传热系数设计参考值。
然后本文利用DesignBuilder软件进行了滑雪馆建筑能耗模拟分析。主要从滑雪馆建筑节能的要素出发,包括建筑体型、朝向、围护结构传热系数的变化、不同气候等,在这些条件下进行了滑雪馆能耗的模拟,分析讨论了滑雪馆能耗与各节能要素之间的关系,得出了各要素的变化对滑雪馆能耗的影响变化趋势,并在有利的节能要素条件下得出了滑雪馆能耗指标与空调度日数的关系,在后续滑雪馆的建设和研究中,为滑雪馆建筑及节能提供参考。
Indoor Ski slope building is the product of the development of skiing, and a type of younger building than others, including sports, leisure, entertainment and business and so on, and playing an important role in more and more cities. At the same time the Ski Museum itself has massive amount of General and great indoor and outdoor temperature difference, which make it a high energy consumption of buildings in all buildings. However indoor Ski building in China currently the design, construction and operation of large public buildings also lack of regulation of energy consumption standards , Ski building energy saving design is also lack of technical guidance. Vigorously promote the building of energy-saving emission reduction in the country situation, study on building energy saving design of the Ski Museum is of important practical significance. First analysis the indoor Ski slope building features .and preliminary conclude
features characteristics of partitions, size and initial induction of classification by data collection and arrangement. and investigations of the indoor Ski slope. Analysis and discussion the physical environment of the indoor ski slope Hall. These laid the Foundation for research on energy-saving of indoor ski slope building.
And then this article analyses the energy-saving elements of indoor ski slope and parameters of Palisade structure. Including the shape, direction, building envelope insulation and thermal stratification of the Hall for qualitative analysis. Height-width ratio is the basic influencing parameters of energy-saving shape by building shape coefficient analysis. By civil construction energy conservation design standard and design of cold storage enclosure structure thermal requirements in the specification of the temperature difference analogy, made Ski Museum building envelope design of heat transfer coefficient of reference values.
And this article simulate energy consumption of the indoor Ski slope by DesignBuilder software . Mainly simulate from the energy-saving elements of indoor ski slope ,including shape,towards, and retaining structure heat transfer coefficient of changes, and using form of ski road overhead space, and different climate, analysis and discuss the relation between the indoor Ski slope energy consumption and the energy saving elements, and have the results of the relation between energy saving elements conditions and CDD-3 ( cooling degree day based on -3℃) with favorable energy-saving elements.
本文首先对滑雪馆建筑的特点进行了分析总结。通过资料的收集整理以及国内典型滑雪馆的现场调查,对滑雪馆建筑的功能分区、体型特点以及分类进行了初步的归纳,对滑雪大厅的物理环境要求和营造方式进行了分析讨论。为滑雪馆建筑的节能研究奠定了基础。
接着本文分析了滑雪馆建筑的节能要素和围护结构热工设计参数。主要从体型、朝向、围护结构保温隔热以及大厅热分层等方面进行了定性分析。通过建筑体形系数的分析,得出滑雪馆建筑的高宽比是影响节能的体形基本参数。通过对民用建筑节能设计标准和冷库设计规范中围护结构热工要求的温差类比分析,提出滑雪馆建筑围护结构传热系数设计参考值。
然后本文利用DesignBuilder软件进行了滑雪馆建筑能耗模拟分析。主要从滑雪馆建筑节能的要素出发,包括建筑体型、朝向、围护结构传热系数的变化、不同气候等,在这些条件下进行了滑雪馆能耗的模拟,分析讨论了滑雪馆能耗与各节能要素之间的关系,得出了各要素的变化对滑雪馆能耗的影响变化趋势,并在有利的节能要素条件下得出了滑雪馆能耗指标与空调度日数的关系,在后续滑雪馆的建设和研究中,为滑雪馆建筑及节能提供参考。
Indoor Ski slope building is the product of the development of skiing, and a type of younger building than others, including sports, leisure, entertainment and business and so on, and playing an important role in more and more cities. At the same time the Ski Museum itself has massive amount of General and great indoor and outdoor temperature difference, which make it a high energy consumption of buildings in all buildings. However indoor Ski building in China currently the design, construction and operation of large public buildings also lack of regulation of energy consumption standards , Ski building energy saving design is also lack of technical guidance. Vigorously promote the building of energy-saving emission reduction in the country situation, study on building energy saving design of the Ski Museum is of important practical significance. First analysis the indoor Ski slope building features .and preliminary conclude
features characteristics of partitions, size and initial induction of classification by data collection and arrangement. and investigations of the indoor Ski slope. Analysis and discussion the physical environment of the indoor ski slope Hall. These laid the Foundation for research on energy-saving of indoor ski slope building.
And then this article analyses the energy-saving elements of indoor ski slope and parameters of Palisade structure. Including the shape, direction, building envelope insulation and thermal stratification of the Hall for qualitative analysis. Height-width ratio is the basic influencing parameters of energy-saving shape by building shape coefficient analysis. By civil construction energy conservation design standard and design of cold storage enclosure structure thermal requirements in the specification of the temperature difference analogy, made Ski Museum building envelope design of heat transfer coefficient of reference values.
And this article simulate energy consumption of the indoor Ski slope by DesignBuilder software . Mainly simulate from the energy-saving elements of indoor ski slope ,including shape,towards, and retaining structure heat transfer coefficient of changes, and using form of ski road overhead space, and different climate, analysis and discuss the relation between the indoor Ski slope energy consumption and the energy saving elements, and have the results of the relation between energy saving elements conditions and CDD-3 ( cooling degree day based on -3℃) with favorable energy-saving elements.
引文
[1]孙凤明,暴磊,简文清.体育建筑节能措施[J]..山西建筑,2007.33(26):265.
[2]江亿,我国建筑能耗趋势与节能重点,新华网,2006,4,25.
[3]中华人民共和国住房与城乡建设部网站
[4] Indoor ski ground facilities having lighting fixtures. United States Patent.2002.
[5] Masanori inoue;susumu kishi,both of Kawasaki.Floor structure for indoor artificial skiing ground. United States Patent(19).1993.(5199815).
[6] Method of using frozen salt water to maintain a low cost,low energy consuming indoor or outdoor ice rink. United States Patent(19).1984.
[7] INDOOR SKI SLOPE. World Intellectual Property Organization(WO 2006/062396 Al).
[8]杜爽,张葵,庄惟敏.室内滑雪馆设计初探[J].工程建设与设计,2005,(7) :P11-14.
[9] GB50189-200.《公共建筑节能设计标准》.
[10] GB50072-2001.《冷库设计规范》.
[11]《23项危险性大体育项目经营国家强制性标准》GB19079,第六部分(滑雪场所).
[12]旅游滑雪场质量等级划分及其评定.
[13]中国滑雪场所管理规范(试行).
[14]制约中的创作—乔波冰雪世界滑雪馆外立面设计感悟.
[15]陈华,邹同华.室内人工滑雪场设计与节能[J].天津商学院学报,2001, (3):P15-17.
[16]刘志书,陶永纯,对我国滑雪产业的现状分析及对策研究[J],冰雪运动2003.6(2).
[17]吴伟,滑雪运动资源与经济要素分析[J],冰雪运动,2006.5.
[18] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor_ski_slope.
[19]李晓明.谈室内滑雪场对越野滑雪项目发展的推动[J].冰雪运动,2004.9.9.
[20]旅游滑雪场质量等级划分及其评定.
[21] SSAS室内人工滑雪场[J].空气调和卫生工学,1994.4.
[22]谈向东.《冷库建筑》[M].中国轻工业出版社,2006.
[23] JGJ 26-95.《民用建筑节能设计标准》.
[24]夏热地区铁路高架候车厅大空间混合通风节能策略研究[D].华中科技大学.2011.
[25]胡桂秋,陈军,张斌.承德冰雪大世界制冷系统节能运行[J].节能,2009.(7):p11-12.
[26]刘鑫,张鸿雁EnergyPlus用户图形界面软件DesignBuilder及其应用[J],西安航空技术高等专科学校学报.2007.9.
[27]刘俊杰.EnergyPlus建筑能耗分析软件汉化用户应用界面的开发[J].暖通空调,2005,35 (9) :114~118.
[28] Dr Andy Tindale. DesignBuilder and EnergyPlus[J].The building Energy Simulation User News,2004 vol 25 No.1.
[29] DesignBuilder Version1.2.0(incorporating Energy Plus Version1.3.0.2)[G].2006.
[30] Faulknerbrowns.Taking to the slopees.Aj Specification. 08.08.
[31]徐占发.民用建筑节能技术实用手册[M].机械工业出版社.2005.
[2]江亿,我国建筑能耗趋势与节能重点,新华网,2006,4,25.
[3]中华人民共和国住房与城乡建设部网站
[4] Indoor ski ground facilities having lighting fixtures. United States Patent.2002.
[5] Masanori inoue;susumu kishi,both of Kawasaki.Floor structure for indoor artificial skiing ground. United States Patent(19).1993.(5199815).
[6] Method of using frozen salt water to maintain a low cost,low energy consuming indoor or outdoor ice rink. United States Patent(19).1984.
[7] INDOOR SKI SLOPE. World Intellectual Property Organization(WO 2006/062396 Al).
[8]杜爽,张葵,庄惟敏.室内滑雪馆设计初探[J].工程建设与设计,2005,(7) :P11-14.
[9] GB50189-200.《公共建筑节能设计标准》.
[10] GB50072-2001.《冷库设计规范》.
[11]《23项危险性大体育项目经营国家强制性标准》GB19079,第六部分(滑雪场所).
[12]旅游滑雪场质量等级划分及其评定.
[13]中国滑雪场所管理规范(试行).
[14]制约中的创作—乔波冰雪世界滑雪馆外立面设计感悟.
[15]陈华,邹同华.室内人工滑雪场设计与节能[J].天津商学院学报,2001, (3):P15-17.
[16]刘志书,陶永纯,对我国滑雪产业的现状分析及对策研究[J],冰雪运动2003.6(2).
[17]吴伟,滑雪运动资源与经济要素分析[J],冰雪运动,2006.5.
[18] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor_ski_slope.
[19]李晓明.谈室内滑雪场对越野滑雪项目发展的推动[J].冰雪运动,2004.9.9.
[20]旅游滑雪场质量等级划分及其评定.
[21] SSAS室内人工滑雪场[J].空气调和卫生工学,1994.4.
[22]谈向东.《冷库建筑》[M].中国轻工业出版社,2006.
[23] JGJ 26-95.《民用建筑节能设计标准》.
[24]夏热地区铁路高架候车厅大空间混合通风节能策略研究[D].华中科技大学.2011.
[25]胡桂秋,陈军,张斌.承德冰雪大世界制冷系统节能运行[J].节能,2009.(7):p11-12.
[26]刘鑫,张鸿雁EnergyPlus用户图形界面软件DesignBuilder及其应用[J],西安航空技术高等专科学校学报.2007.9.
[27]刘俊杰.EnergyPlus建筑能耗分析软件汉化用户应用界面的开发[J].暖通空调,2005,35 (9) :114~118.
[28] Dr Andy Tindale. DesignBuilder and EnergyPlus[J].The building Energy Simulation User News,2004 vol 25 No.1.
[29] DesignBuilder Version1.2.0(incorporating Energy Plus Version1.3.0.2)[G].2006.
[30] Faulknerbrowns.Taking to the slopees.Aj Specification. 08.08.
[31]徐占发.民用建筑节能技术实用手册[M].机械工业出版社.2005.