乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游发展研究
摘要
滑雪作为一项充满着速度与激情的运动有着悠久的历史。随着新世纪的到来,人们对旅游活动参与性需求的提升,亲近自然、放松身心同时又能亲身参与的体育旅游活动越发受到人们的青睐,滑雪旅游即是顺应此趋势应运而生。如今,被各界誉为世界最后一处滑雪胜地的中国新疆吸引了更多滑雪爱好者的目光。本文的研究一方面将完善我国滑雪旅游理论体系的空缺,另一方面有助于推进乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游产业的快速发展。文章主要运用问卷调查法、访谈法、实地考察法等研究方法对乌鲁木齐市滑雪场、滑雪环境、滑雪旅游者等方面的基本情况进行了研究。
通过研究发现,乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游属于资源占优型,具有十分广阔的发展前景,并且通过近几年的开发取得了长足的进步,但是与滑雪旅游发达地区相比还存在一定差距。主要表现在以下几方面:(1)专业人才方面,重点在专业开发和管理人员以及教练队伍建设方面,这就造成目前乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游“软件”滞后的情况出现;(2)技术设备和服务设施方面,设备设施是滑雪旅游顺利开展的保证,而乌鲁木齐市部分滑雪场及其相关配套设施的落后已成为发展的重要瓶颈之一;(3)开发理念方面,思想观念的落后和认识程度的欠缺造成了目前乌鲁木齐乃至新疆地区滑雪旅游开发水平不能与其资源相对称的局面;(4)滑雪旅游者特征方面。滑雪旅游者特征表现出的不平衡性严重阻碍了乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游产业在今后的发展。
鉴此,论文提出:(1)加快乌鲁木齐市滑雪人才队伍建设,健全人才培养体系,以经营管理者、滑雪教练、服务人员三大体系为基础构建;(2)加大政府指导力度,完善乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游管理机制,合理引导整个行业的规范和发展;(3)建立乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游协会,协调产业内部管理职能,平等互利、公平竞争、优势互补是协会职能最好的表现;(4)积极开展乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游研究,加大多边合作力度。产业发展源于研究,研究的推动来源于合作,多边合作是乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游发展的必经之路;(5)加快市场开发,创建具有乌鲁木齐特色的滑雪旅游形象。当今差异化经营是企业生存的根本,多渠道宣传是乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游产业做大做强的基础;(6)通过举办大型冰雪赛事,推动乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游发展。大型冰雪赛事不仅能够提高乌鲁木齐滑雪旅游资源的知名度,更能改善滑雪旅游的基础设施建设;(7)树立可持续发展观念,实现乌鲁木齐滑雪旅游的良性循环,对不同级别滑雪旅游资源地区采取不同策略保护。
The skiing as a movement is filling the speed and the passion has the glorious history. The new century coming, People like to the traveling activity participation demand promotion, is intimate with the sports tourism activity which at the same time the nature, the relaxation body and mind can participation by oneself even more to receive people's favor, the skiing tourism accommodation century, arises at the historic moment. In current is received the more ski amateur's vision on the one hand by the reputation from all walks of life for world last skiing paradise Chinese Xinjiang, the present paper research consummates our country to skiing tourism theory system vacancy, on the other hand is helpful in Urumqi skiing tourism industry high speed development. The article mainly using literature research techniques and so on material law、questionnaire survey procedure、interview law、on-the-spot investigation law to the skiing tourism. The development pattern as well as the Urumqi skiing tourist ski aspect and so on field has conducted the research.
Through the research discovery, Urumqi skiing tourism mainly to have following several aspect problem: (1) Professional aspect deficiency, mainly displays in the specialized development and the administrative personnel as well as coach troop's construction aspect, this creation the present Urumqi skiing tourism“the software”the lag situation appearance; (2) The technical equipment and the servicing facility aspect, the equipment facility is the skiing tourism smooth development guarantee, but the Urumqi part ski field and the correlation necessary facility have become one of restriction snow field development important bottlenecks; (3) Develops the idea aspect, thought idea backwardness and the understanding degree has created the present Urumqi as well as the Xinjiang area skiing tourism development level defective cannot the resources symmetrical aspect. (4) Skiing tourist characteristic aspect. The skiing tourist characteristic displays the imbalance, has seriously hindered the Urumqi skiing traveling industry in the next development. These will all hinder Urumqi to skiing seriously the traveling industry in the next development.
In view of this, the paper proposed that, (1) Speed up the Urumqi ski talented person troop to construct, Skiing perfectly the personnel training system, take manages the superintendent, ski meister, the service personnel three big systems as the foundation construction; (2) Enlarge the government to instruct dynamics, will consummate Urumqi skiing tourism management mechanism, the policy reasonable guidance and the management is helpful to the entire profession standard and the development; (3) Establish Urumqi to skiing tourism association, the promotion industry internal management function, the equality and mutual benefit, the fair competition, the superiority supplementary are the association function most good showings; (4) Develop Urumqi to skiing positively the tourism research, enlarge multilateral cooperation dynamics, the industrial development source in the research, the research impetus originates to the cooperation, the multilateral cooperation are Urumqi and even the national skiing tourism development road which must be taken; (5) Speed up the market development, the foundation has the Urumqi characteristic skiing tourism image, the new time variation management is enterprise survival basic, the multi-window propaganda is Urumqi skiing tourism industry to do is used as the strong basis greatly; (6) Through hold the large-scale winter snow and ice sports event, impels Urumqi to skiing tourism development, not only the large-scale snow and ice sports event can enhance Urumqi to skiing tourism resources well-known can improve the skiing tourism the infrastructure construction; (7) Sets up the sustainable development idea, realizes Urumqi to skiing tourism positive cycle, adopts the different strategy protection to the different rank skiing tourism resources area.
通过研究发现,乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游属于资源占优型,具有十分广阔的发展前景,并且通过近几年的开发取得了长足的进步,但是与滑雪旅游发达地区相比还存在一定差距。主要表现在以下几方面:(1)专业人才方面,重点在专业开发和管理人员以及教练队伍建设方面,这就造成目前乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游“软件”滞后的情况出现;(2)技术设备和服务设施方面,设备设施是滑雪旅游顺利开展的保证,而乌鲁木齐市部分滑雪场及其相关配套设施的落后已成为发展的重要瓶颈之一;(3)开发理念方面,思想观念的落后和认识程度的欠缺造成了目前乌鲁木齐乃至新疆地区滑雪旅游开发水平不能与其资源相对称的局面;(4)滑雪旅游者特征方面。滑雪旅游者特征表现出的不平衡性严重阻碍了乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游产业在今后的发展。
鉴此,论文提出:(1)加快乌鲁木齐市滑雪人才队伍建设,健全人才培养体系,以经营管理者、滑雪教练、服务人员三大体系为基础构建;(2)加大政府指导力度,完善乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游管理机制,合理引导整个行业的规范和发展;(3)建立乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游协会,协调产业内部管理职能,平等互利、公平竞争、优势互补是协会职能最好的表现;(4)积极开展乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游研究,加大多边合作力度。产业发展源于研究,研究的推动来源于合作,多边合作是乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游发展的必经之路;(5)加快市场开发,创建具有乌鲁木齐特色的滑雪旅游形象。当今差异化经营是企业生存的根本,多渠道宣传是乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游产业做大做强的基础;(6)通过举办大型冰雪赛事,推动乌鲁木齐市滑雪旅游发展。大型冰雪赛事不仅能够提高乌鲁木齐滑雪旅游资源的知名度,更能改善滑雪旅游的基础设施建设;(7)树立可持续发展观念,实现乌鲁木齐滑雪旅游的良性循环,对不同级别滑雪旅游资源地区采取不同策略保护。
The skiing as a movement is filling the speed and the passion has the glorious history. The new century coming, People like to the traveling activity participation demand promotion, is intimate with the sports tourism activity which at the same time the nature, the relaxation body and mind can participation by oneself even more to receive people's favor, the skiing tourism accommodation century, arises at the historic moment. In current is received the more ski amateur's vision on the one hand by the reputation from all walks of life for world last skiing paradise Chinese Xinjiang, the present paper research consummates our country to skiing tourism theory system vacancy, on the other hand is helpful in Urumqi skiing tourism industry high speed development. The article mainly using literature research techniques and so on material law、questionnaire survey procedure、interview law、on-the-spot investigation law to the skiing tourism. The development pattern as well as the Urumqi skiing tourist ski aspect and so on field has conducted the research.
Through the research discovery, Urumqi skiing tourism mainly to have following several aspect problem: (1) Professional aspect deficiency, mainly displays in the specialized development and the administrative personnel as well as coach troop's construction aspect, this creation the present Urumqi skiing tourism“the software”the lag situation appearance; (2) The technical equipment and the servicing facility aspect, the equipment facility is the skiing tourism smooth development guarantee, but the Urumqi part ski field and the correlation necessary facility have become one of restriction snow field development important bottlenecks; (3) Develops the idea aspect, thought idea backwardness and the understanding degree has created the present Urumqi as well as the Xinjiang area skiing tourism development level defective cannot the resources symmetrical aspect. (4) Skiing tourist characteristic aspect. The skiing tourist characteristic displays the imbalance, has seriously hindered the Urumqi skiing traveling industry in the next development. These will all hinder Urumqi to skiing seriously the traveling industry in the next development.
In view of this, the paper proposed that, (1) Speed up the Urumqi ski talented person troop to construct, Skiing perfectly the personnel training system, take manages the superintendent, ski meister, the service personnel three big systems as the foundation construction; (2) Enlarge the government to instruct dynamics, will consummate Urumqi skiing tourism management mechanism, the policy reasonable guidance and the management is helpful to the entire profession standard and the development; (3) Establish Urumqi to skiing tourism association, the promotion industry internal management function, the equality and mutual benefit, the fair competition, the superiority supplementary are the association function most good showings; (4) Develop Urumqi to skiing positively the tourism research, enlarge multilateral cooperation dynamics, the industrial development source in the research, the research impetus originates to the cooperation, the multilateral cooperation are Urumqi and even the national skiing tourism development road which must be taken; (5) Speed up the market development, the foundation has the Urumqi characteristic skiing tourism image, the new time variation management is enterprise survival basic, the multi-window propaganda is Urumqi skiing tourism industry to do is used as the strong basis greatly; (6) Through hold the large-scale winter snow and ice sports event, impels Urumqi to skiing tourism development, not only the large-scale snow and ice sports event can enhance Urumqi to skiing tourism resources well-known can improve the skiing tourism the infrastructure construction; (7) Sets up the sustainable development idea, realizes Urumqi to skiing tourism positive cycle, adopts the different strategy protection to the different rank skiing tourism resources area.
引文
2刘家明、刘爱利、陈田.滑雪旅游开发布局影响因素与对策[J].地理科学进展, 2005(9):105-112
3王德刚.旅游学概论[D].济南:山东大学出版社.2004:59
4葛菁、陈学海、宫祥辉、张冬梅.大众滑雪运动的健身作用及运动损伤的预防[J].体育科技文献通报,2007(10):7
5徐辉.长春市普通高校越野滑雪教学的现状及对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2007:10
6韩杰、韩丁.中外滑雪旅游的比较研究[J].人文地理,2001(6):28
7张德成.黑龙江滑雪旅游的现状及发展态势[J].旅游学刊,1998(5):48
8 http://www.itsqq.com
9 http://finance.sina.com.cn
10 http://news.qq.com/a/20080213/000642.htm
11朱虹.中国国内度假市场产客模式研究[D].北京:北京大学,2002:20
[1]Barker,M.L.1982.Traditional landscape and means tourism in the Alps [M]. Geographical Review:395～415
[2]Carmichael,B.1996.Conjoint analysis of downhill skiers used to improve datacollection for market segmentation[J].Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing,5,(3):187～206
[3]Standeven、De Knop.1999. Sport Tourism. Champaign[M].IL: Human Kinetics: 162～164
[4]David Gillbert、Simon Hudson.2000.Tourism demand constraints: A skiing Participation[J].Annals of Tourism Research,27,(4):904～925
[5]Greg RichardS.1996.Skilled consumption and UK Ski holidays[J]. Tourism management,17,(1):25～34
[6]Hudson,S.2000.Snow Business[M].London:Cassell:65
[7]Mintel.2002b.Leisure Intelligence: snowsports[M]. London: Mintel
[8]O,Weiss.1996.Skiing in Austria: Trends, image and identity[J].Science and Skiing: 571～579
[9]Shaw,G and Willams,A.M.2002.Critical Issues in Tourism: A Geographcial Perspective[M].Oxford: Blackwell:218～236
[10]Tuppen,J.1998.In Tourism and Economic Development: European Experiences [M].Chichester:wiley:260
[11](英)麦克斯·韦德、克里斯布鲁.2006.体育旅游[M].天津:南开大学出版社:237～251
[12](美)克瑞斯·库珀、约翰·费乃切尔.2004.旅游学[M].北京:高等教育出版社:55～69、318
[13]柳伯力、陶宇平.体育旅游导论[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003:9～12
[14]李天元.旅游学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[15]杨向东.中国古代体育文化史[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2000:185～189
[16]周道平、张小林、周运瑜.西部民族地区体育旅游开发研究[M].北京:体育大学出版社,2006
[17]王清华.滑雪[M].北京:学苑出版社,1999:4～14
[18]乌鲁木齐市旅游业“十一五”发展规划[EB/OL].http://www.urumqidrc.gov.cn/ info_show.asp?ArticleID=4025,2008-4-7/2008-10-23
[19]刘志书、陶永纯、张宝军.对我国滑雪产业的现状分析及对策研究[J].冰雪运动,2003(6):97～99
[20]夏凌云、何忠诚.黑龙江滑雪旅游竞争性合作策略初探[J].财经界,2006(3):54～55
[21]夏凌云、张德成、马旭生.东北亚滑雪旅游可持续发展策略[J].冰雪运动, 2006(12):79～81
[22]张德成.中日韩滑雪旅游的合作与发展[J].冰雪运动,2004(9):35～38
[23]吴必虎、党宁.中国滑雪旅游市场需求研究[J].地域研究与开发,2004, (12):78～82
[24]罗永生、李阿强.中国现代滑雪运动的发展历程[J].冰雪运动,2002(2):39～41
[25]张荣魁、关晓彦、董欣.黑龙江省滑雪场所调研报告与对策研究[J].冰雪运动, 2007(10):71～76
[26]李西林.吉林省滑雪消费市场现状分析及对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学, 2006
[27]吕东.白鹿塬滑雪场市场营销策略研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2007:1～3
[28]郭超.新疆打造冰雪蛋糕[J].大陆桥视野,2003(2);4～8
[29]刘婧.中国滑雪格局:四地争锋[J].旅游时代,2007(2):22
[30]姜涛.乌鲁木齐地区体育旅游现状调查与发展对策[D].北京:北京体育大学, 2003
[31]秦斌明.新疆冰雪游促销战略[J].大陆桥视野,2004(4):69～70
[32]刘家明、刘爱利、陈田.滑雪旅游开发布局影响因素与对策[J].地理科学进展, 2005(9):105～112
[33]林大志.新疆冰雪运动发展战略[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2007:15～18
[34]徐辉.长春市普通高校越野滑雪教学的现状及对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2007:10～12
[35]卢锋、宋志刚.对北京市滑雪市场现状及问题的调查研究[J].首都体育学院学报,2006(3):73～75
[36]张亮、张晓梅.对黑龙江省滑雪旅游经济可持续发展的探讨[J].冰雪运动,2005 (1):73～75
[37]张维强、王旭.对我国滑雪场发展社会适应性的探究[J].冰雪运动,2006(3): 107～108
[38]李松梅、李福泉.黑龙江滑雪体育旅游品牌策略探析[J].冰雪运动,2003(3): 93～95
[39]季景盛、覃阳、王诚民.黑龙江省冰雪体育旅游资源可持续开发利用研究[J].冰雪运动,2006 (3):112～114
[40]王民、刘宝巍.黑龙江省滑雪旅游业可持续发展分析[J].商业研究,2004(6): 168～170
[41]张荣魁.黑龙江省滑雪市场的现状和对策[D].北京:北京体育大学,2005
[42]张德成.论发展滑雪旅游[J].冰雪运动,1999(1):85～87
[43]王玲.内蒙古冰雪旅游开发研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2007
[44]王建治、孙丽.生态旅游视角下的黑龙江省滑雪旅游发展研究[J].冰雪运动, 2008(1):90～92
[45]蔺剑.试论新疆滑雪旅游可持续发展战略[J].新疆农业职业技术学院学报, 2006(4):48～50
[46]夏洪海、张宝军.谈地方政府在滑雪旅游可持续发展中的作用[J].哈尔滨体育学院学报,2004(2):16～17
[47]王紫娟.我国滑雪运动对滑雪产业影响的研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2007
[48]韩杰、韩丁.中外滑雪旅游的比较研究[J].人文地理,2001(6):26～30
[49]张稳柱.冰雪文化的产生背景、现状和发展趋势[J].旅游时代,2007(3):46～48
[50]张德成.黑龙江滑雪旅游的现状及发展态势[J].旅游学刊,1998(5):48～50
[51]韩杰、韩丁.对我国滑雪旅游若干问题的研讨[J].经济地理,2001(4):501～503
[52]于德生.我国大众滑雪旅游产业发展现状与对策[J].成都体育学院学报,2007 (4):44～45
[53]张德成.从中国黑龙江国际滑雪节谈东北亚滑雪旅游的发展策略[J].冰雪运动, 2005(4):58～60
[54]李毅、翟羽丽、邹向东.对大兴安岭林区发展滑雪旅游的几点建议[J].林业科技情报,2000(4):63～65
[55]李程程.黑龙江吉林滑雪旅游产业的SWOT模型分析与对策研究[J].哈尔滨体育学院学报,2008(4):78～82
[56]杜庆臻.黑龙江省滑雪旅游开发构想[J].学习与探索,1999(4):22～28
[57]曹继宏.滑雪旅游目的地市场营销策略研究[J].黑龙江对外经贸,2006(5): 84～85,95
[58]刘春玲、白翠玲.滑雪旅游效应分析及发展路径选择[J].商场现代化,2006(16): 299～300
[59]韩静.论东北地区滑雪旅游开发[J].边疆经济与文化,2007(3):13～14
[60]黎明、刘丹.浅谈黑龙江滑雪旅游度假区的可持续发展[J].中国科技信息,2005 (13):98
[61]张德成.浅谈滑雪旅游与人类文化[J].冰雪运动,2002(1):78～80
[62]张德成.全面建设小康社会与大众滑雪旅游[J].冰雪运动,2003(3):72～74
[63]宋红娟、于洪贤.亚布力滑雪旅游度假区潜在客源市场的调查[J].中国林业经济,2007(5):42～45
[64]费郁光.黑龙江省滑雪休闲旅游可持续发展研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2008 (3):52～54
[65]孙嘉驹、于兵.打造滑雪旅游特色品牌[N].黑龙江日报, 2006-3-31(08)
[66]孙嘉驹、林彬彬.黑龙江步入滑雪旅游产业快车道[N].黑龙江经济报, 2005-3-18(03)
[67]张弘、李秀梅.黑龙江滑雪旅游金字招牌更加闪亮[N].中国旅游报, 2007-4-23 (12)
[68]张爽.滑雪旅游开始瞄准潜力市场[N].中国旅游报, 2007-3-9(03)
[69]曹继宏.滑雪旅游目的地产品组合差异化分析[N].中国旅游报, 2006-8-21(07)
[70]高山、李秀梅.十年积淀开掘滑雪旅游综合优势[N].中国旅游报,2007-11-30 (02)
[71]王颖.我省滑雪旅游进入大众时代[N].黑龙江经济报, 2007-2-26(01)
[72]王思超.新疆:滑雪旅游向纵深发展[N].中国旅游报, 2008-4-2(13)
[73]葛菁、陈学海、宫祥辉、张冬梅.大众滑雪运动的健身作用及运动损伤的预防[J].体育科技文献通报,2007(10):7
[74]朱虹.中国国内度假市场产客模式研究[D].北京:北京大学,2002:15～38
[75]蒙吉军,崔风军.北京市文化旅游开发构想[J].北京联合大学学报,2001(1): 139～143
[76]阎友兵.旅游地生命周期理论辨析[J].旅游学刊,2001(6):32
3王德刚.旅游学概论[D].济南:山东大学出版社.2004:59
4葛菁、陈学海、宫祥辉、张冬梅.大众滑雪运动的健身作用及运动损伤的预防[J].体育科技文献通报,2007(10):7
5徐辉.长春市普通高校越野滑雪教学的现状及对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2007:10
6韩杰、韩丁.中外滑雪旅游的比较研究[J].人文地理,2001(6):28
7张德成.黑龙江滑雪旅游的现状及发展态势[J].旅游学刊,1998(5):48
8 http://www.itsqq.com
9 http://finance.sina.com.cn
10 http://news.qq.com/a/20080213/000642.htm
11朱虹.中国国内度假市场产客模式研究[D].北京:北京大学,2002:20
[1]Barker,M.L.1982.Traditional landscape and means tourism in the Alps [M]. Geographical Review:395～415
[2]Carmichael,B.1996.Conjoint analysis of downhill skiers used to improve datacollection for market segmentation[J].Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing,5,(3):187～206
[3]Standeven、De Knop.1999. Sport Tourism. Champaign[M].IL: Human Kinetics: 162～164
[4]David Gillbert、Simon Hudson.2000.Tourism demand constraints: A skiing Participation[J].Annals of Tourism Research,27,(4):904～925
[5]Greg RichardS.1996.Skilled consumption and UK Ski holidays[J]. Tourism management,17,(1):25～34
[6]Hudson,S.2000.Snow Business[M].London:Cassell:65
[7]Mintel.2002b.Leisure Intelligence: snowsports[M]. London: Mintel
[8]O,Weiss.1996.Skiing in Austria: Trends, image and identity[J].Science and Skiing: 571～579
[9]Shaw,G and Willams,A.M.2002.Critical Issues in Tourism: A Geographcial Perspective[M].Oxford: Blackwell:218～236
[10]Tuppen,J.1998.In Tourism and Economic Development: European Experiences [M].Chichester:wiley:260
[11](英)麦克斯·韦德、克里斯布鲁.2006.体育旅游[M].天津:南开大学出版社:237～251
[12](美)克瑞斯·库珀、约翰·费乃切尔.2004.旅游学[M].北京:高等教育出版社:55～69、318
[13]柳伯力、陶宇平.体育旅游导论[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003:9～12
[14]李天元.旅游学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[15]杨向东.中国古代体育文化史[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2000:185～189
[16]周道平、张小林、周运瑜.西部民族地区体育旅游开发研究[M].北京:体育大学出版社,2006
[17]王清华.滑雪[M].北京:学苑出版社,1999:4～14
[18]乌鲁木齐市旅游业“十一五”发展规划[EB/OL].http://www.urumqidrc.gov.cn/ info_show.asp?ArticleID=4025,2008-4-7/2008-10-23
[19]刘志书、陶永纯、张宝军.对我国滑雪产业的现状分析及对策研究[J].冰雪运动,2003(6):97～99
[20]夏凌云、何忠诚.黑龙江滑雪旅游竞争性合作策略初探[J].财经界,2006(3):54～55
[21]夏凌云、张德成、马旭生.东北亚滑雪旅游可持续发展策略[J].冰雪运动, 2006(12):79～81
[22]张德成.中日韩滑雪旅游的合作与发展[J].冰雪运动,2004(9):35～38
[23]吴必虎、党宁.中国滑雪旅游市场需求研究[J].地域研究与开发,2004, (12):78～82
[24]罗永生、李阿强.中国现代滑雪运动的发展历程[J].冰雪运动,2002(2):39～41
[25]张荣魁、关晓彦、董欣.黑龙江省滑雪场所调研报告与对策研究[J].冰雪运动, 2007(10):71～76
[26]李西林.吉林省滑雪消费市场现状分析及对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学, 2006
[27]吕东.白鹿塬滑雪场市场营销策略研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2007:1～3
[28]郭超.新疆打造冰雪蛋糕[J].大陆桥视野,2003(2);4～8
[29]刘婧.中国滑雪格局:四地争锋[J].旅游时代,2007(2):22
[30]姜涛.乌鲁木齐地区体育旅游现状调查与发展对策[D].北京:北京体育大学, 2003
[31]秦斌明.新疆冰雪游促销战略[J].大陆桥视野,2004(4):69～70
[32]刘家明、刘爱利、陈田.滑雪旅游开发布局影响因素与对策[J].地理科学进展, 2005(9):105～112
[33]林大志.新疆冰雪运动发展战略[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2007:15～18
[34]徐辉.长春市普通高校越野滑雪教学的现状及对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2007:10～12
[35]卢锋、宋志刚.对北京市滑雪市场现状及问题的调查研究[J].首都体育学院学报,2006(3):73～75
[36]张亮、张晓梅.对黑龙江省滑雪旅游经济可持续发展的探讨[J].冰雪运动,2005 (1):73～75
[37]张维强、王旭.对我国滑雪场发展社会适应性的探究[J].冰雪运动,2006(3): 107～108
[38]李松梅、李福泉.黑龙江滑雪体育旅游品牌策略探析[J].冰雪运动,2003(3): 93～95
[39]季景盛、覃阳、王诚民.黑龙江省冰雪体育旅游资源可持续开发利用研究[J].冰雪运动,2006 (3):112～114
[40]王民、刘宝巍.黑龙江省滑雪旅游业可持续发展分析[J].商业研究,2004(6): 168～170
[41]张荣魁.黑龙江省滑雪市场的现状和对策[D].北京:北京体育大学,2005
[42]张德成.论发展滑雪旅游[J].冰雪运动,1999(1):85～87
[43]王玲.内蒙古冰雪旅游开发研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2007
[44]王建治、孙丽.生态旅游视角下的黑龙江省滑雪旅游发展研究[J].冰雪运动, 2008(1):90～92
[45]蔺剑.试论新疆滑雪旅游可持续发展战略[J].新疆农业职业技术学院学报, 2006(4):48～50
[46]夏洪海、张宝军.谈地方政府在滑雪旅游可持续发展中的作用[J].哈尔滨体育学院学报,2004(2):16～17
[47]王紫娟.我国滑雪运动对滑雪产业影响的研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2007
[48]韩杰、韩丁.中外滑雪旅游的比较研究[J].人文地理,2001(6):26～30
[49]张稳柱.冰雪文化的产生背景、现状和发展趋势[J].旅游时代,2007(3):46～48
[50]张德成.黑龙江滑雪旅游的现状及发展态势[J].旅游学刊,1998(5):48～50
[51]韩杰、韩丁.对我国滑雪旅游若干问题的研讨[J].经济地理,2001(4):501～503
[52]于德生.我国大众滑雪旅游产业发展现状与对策[J].成都体育学院学报,2007 (4):44～45
[53]张德成.从中国黑龙江国际滑雪节谈东北亚滑雪旅游的发展策略[J].冰雪运动, 2005(4):58～60
[54]李毅、翟羽丽、邹向东.对大兴安岭林区发展滑雪旅游的几点建议[J].林业科技情报,2000(4):63～65
[55]李程程.黑龙江吉林滑雪旅游产业的SWOT模型分析与对策研究[J].哈尔滨体育学院学报,2008(4):78～82
[56]杜庆臻.黑龙江省滑雪旅游开发构想[J].学习与探索,1999(4):22～28
[57]曹继宏.滑雪旅游目的地市场营销策略研究[J].黑龙江对外经贸,2006(5): 84～85,95
[58]刘春玲、白翠玲.滑雪旅游效应分析及发展路径选择[J].商场现代化,2006(16): 299～300
[59]韩静.论东北地区滑雪旅游开发[J].边疆经济与文化,2007(3):13～14
[60]黎明、刘丹.浅谈黑龙江滑雪旅游度假区的可持续发展[J].中国科技信息,2005 (13):98
[61]张德成.浅谈滑雪旅游与人类文化[J].冰雪运动,2002(1):78～80
[62]张德成.全面建设小康社会与大众滑雪旅游[J].冰雪运动,2003(3):72～74
[63]宋红娟、于洪贤.亚布力滑雪旅游度假区潜在客源市场的调查[J].中国林业经济,2007(5):42～45
[64]费郁光.黑龙江省滑雪休闲旅游可持续发展研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2008 (3):52～54
[65]孙嘉驹、于兵.打造滑雪旅游特色品牌[N].黑龙江日报, 2006-3-31(08)
[66]孙嘉驹、林彬彬.黑龙江步入滑雪旅游产业快车道[N].黑龙江经济报, 2005-3-18(03)
[67]张弘、李秀梅.黑龙江滑雪旅游金字招牌更加闪亮[N].中国旅游报, 2007-4-23 (12)
[68]张爽.滑雪旅游开始瞄准潜力市场[N].中国旅游报, 2007-3-9(03)
[69]曹继宏.滑雪旅游目的地产品组合差异化分析[N].中国旅游报, 2006-8-21(07)
[70]高山、李秀梅.十年积淀开掘滑雪旅游综合优势[N].中国旅游报,2007-11-30 (02)
[71]王颖.我省滑雪旅游进入大众时代[N].黑龙江经济报, 2007-2-26(01)
[72]王思超.新疆:滑雪旅游向纵深发展[N].中国旅游报, 2008-4-2(13)
[73]葛菁、陈学海、宫祥辉、张冬梅.大众滑雪运动的健身作用及运动损伤的预防[J].体育科技文献通报,2007(10):7
[74]朱虹.中国国内度假市场产客模式研究[D].北京:北京大学,2002:15～38
[75]蒙吉军,崔风军.北京市文化旅游开发构想[J].北京联合大学学报,2001(1): 139～143
[76]阎友兵.旅游地生命周期理论辨析[J].旅游学刊,2001(6):32