山东半岛城市旅游空间结构及区域合作研究
|
摘要
山东半岛“8+2”旅游圈地处我国北方沿海经济发达地区,优越的区位条件和地缘优势使得山东半岛在对外开放和发展外向型经济以及同内陆腹地的联系中具有独特优势,同时良好的国内外环境也为该区的发展提供了广阔的空间。论文在进行城市旅游空间结构基础理论研究的基础上,以山东半岛“8+2”旅游圈为研究区域,分别对城市旅游增长极形成机制、城市旅游“点-轴”空间结构形成机制、城市旅游空间集聚区(群)形成机制等相关论题进行了研究。
论文以山东半岛旅游圈10市为研究对象,针对目前城市旅游空间结构及区域旅游合作研究中的不足,运用空间分析方法与结构主义的方法论及多种数学模型,尝试性构建城市旅游空间结构基础理论体系,并对该区域城市旅游空间结构形成机制进行系统分析,在此基础上,提出了山东半岛旅游圈合作发展战略。论文主要成果及结论如下:
1.通过对城市旅游空间结构进行研究,认为城市旅游增长极(点)、点-轴空间结构(线)、空间集聚区(面)三要素在城市旅游空间结构中是不可或缺的,研究城市旅游空间结构时,缺少任何一部分都是不完整的。
2.通过对山东半岛旅游圈10市城市旅游空间结构进行研究,利用多种模型进行分析,构建起了山东半岛旅游圈完备的城市旅游空间结构体系,即点——青岛和济南,线——济青轴线、济济泰发展轴线、青烟威日潍发展轴线,面——滨海旅游区和山水风情旅游区,也即两个中心、三条发展主轴线和两个旅游区。
3.通过对山东半岛旅游圈的城市旅游增长极、城市旅游发展轴线、城市旅游集聚区(群)的分析,从城市旅游空间合作的角度提出了山东半岛旅游圈的合作发展战略,主要包括旅游合作开发战略、品牌发展战略、市场宣传促销战略、安全保障机制等。
Shandong Peninsula“8+2”Tourism Circle is located in our northern seaside economic development areas, who has unique advantages to opening to the outside, developing outward economy and connecting with inland and hinterland due to its location and geography conditions as well as wide space for development provided by sound environment both at home and abroad. Several topics have been discussed within this paper, such as urban tourism growth pole formation mechanism, urban tourism“point--axis”space structure formation mechanism, urban tourism space concentration areas(groups) formation mechanism and so on, with Shandong Peninsula“8+2”Tourism Circle as its research region on the basis of urban tourism space structure theory.
The paper uses space analysis method, structuralism method and many kinds of math model to tentatively set up urban tourism space structure basic theory system and make systematical analysis for regional urban tourism space structure formation mechanism with 10 cities in Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle as its research objects on present urban tourism space structure and shortage of regional tourism cooperational research. On this basis put up Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle Cooperation Development Strategy. The chief achivement and conclusion is as follows:
1.It is recognized that the three elements as urban tourism growth pole(point), point-axis space structure(line) and space concentration area(side) are indispensable for urban tourism space structure research. Lacking any part is incomplete for researching urban tourism space structure.
2.Complete urban tourism space structure system of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle has been set up by researching on tourism space structure for 10 cities of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle and using many kinds of models to analyze, namely,two centers, three development main axis lines and two tourism areas, that is, point-Qingdao and Jinan, line—Jiqing Axis Line, Jijitai Development Axis Line and Qingyanweiriwei Development Axis Line, Side—Binhai Tourism Area and Landscape Tourism Area.
3.The cooperatie development strategy of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle has been put up from the aspects of urban tourism space cooperation by analysis of urban tourism growth pole, urban tourism development axis line and urban tourism concentration areas(groups) of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle, which mainly contains tourism cooperation development strategy, brand development strategy, marketing promotion strategy, safety guarantee mechanism and so on.
论文以山东半岛旅游圈10市为研究对象,针对目前城市旅游空间结构及区域旅游合作研究中的不足,运用空间分析方法与结构主义的方法论及多种数学模型,尝试性构建城市旅游空间结构基础理论体系,并对该区域城市旅游空间结构形成机制进行系统分析,在此基础上,提出了山东半岛旅游圈合作发展战略。论文主要成果及结论如下:
1.通过对城市旅游空间结构进行研究,认为城市旅游增长极(点)、点-轴空间结构(线)、空间集聚区(面)三要素在城市旅游空间结构中是不可或缺的,研究城市旅游空间结构时,缺少任何一部分都是不完整的。
2.通过对山东半岛旅游圈10市城市旅游空间结构进行研究,利用多种模型进行分析,构建起了山东半岛旅游圈完备的城市旅游空间结构体系,即点——青岛和济南,线——济青轴线、济济泰发展轴线、青烟威日潍发展轴线,面——滨海旅游区和山水风情旅游区,也即两个中心、三条发展主轴线和两个旅游区。
3.通过对山东半岛旅游圈的城市旅游增长极、城市旅游发展轴线、城市旅游集聚区(群)的分析,从城市旅游空间合作的角度提出了山东半岛旅游圈的合作发展战略,主要包括旅游合作开发战略、品牌发展战略、市场宣传促销战略、安全保障机制等。
Shandong Peninsula“8+2”Tourism Circle is located in our northern seaside economic development areas, who has unique advantages to opening to the outside, developing outward economy and connecting with inland and hinterland due to its location and geography conditions as well as wide space for development provided by sound environment both at home and abroad. Several topics have been discussed within this paper, such as urban tourism growth pole formation mechanism, urban tourism“point--axis”space structure formation mechanism, urban tourism space concentration areas(groups) formation mechanism and so on, with Shandong Peninsula“8+2”Tourism Circle as its research region on the basis of urban tourism space structure theory.
The paper uses space analysis method, structuralism method and many kinds of math model to tentatively set up urban tourism space structure basic theory system and make systematical analysis for regional urban tourism space structure formation mechanism with 10 cities in Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle as its research objects on present urban tourism space structure and shortage of regional tourism cooperational research. On this basis put up Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle Cooperation Development Strategy. The chief achivement and conclusion is as follows:
1.It is recognized that the three elements as urban tourism growth pole(point), point-axis space structure(line) and space concentration area(side) are indispensable for urban tourism space structure research. Lacking any part is incomplete for researching urban tourism space structure.
2.Complete urban tourism space structure system of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle has been set up by researching on tourism space structure for 10 cities of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle and using many kinds of models to analyze, namely,two centers, three development main axis lines and two tourism areas, that is, point-Qingdao and Jinan, line—Jiqing Axis Line, Jijitai Development Axis Line and Qingyanweiriwei Development Axis Line, Side—Binhai Tourism Area and Landscape Tourism Area.
3.The cooperatie development strategy of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle has been put up from the aspects of urban tourism space cooperation by analysis of urban tourism growth pole, urban tourism development axis line and urban tourism concentration areas(groups) of Shandong Peninsula Tourism Circle, which mainly contains tourism cooperation development strategy, brand development strategy, marketing promotion strategy, safety guarantee mechanism and so on.
引文
Alberto Sessa. The science of system for tourism development. Annals of tourism research, 1988,Vo1.15. 219-235.
Alejandro Yanez Arancibia and John W. Day The Gulf of Mexico: towards an integration of coastal management with large marine ecosystem management[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management, 47 (2004) 537-563.
B. Hyma, A. Ojo and G. Wall. Tourism in Tropical Africa A review of literature in English and research agenda[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 7, Issue 4,1980, Pages 525-553.
Briton, S .G .The spatial organization of tourism in a neo-colonial economy: Afijicase study [J].Pacific Viewpoint, 1980, 21(2):144-65.
Cevat Tosun. Stages in the emergence of a participatory tourism development approach in the Developing World. Geoforum, 2005(36): 333-352.
Christaller. Some considerations of tourism location in Europe:the peripheral region-underdeveloped countries-recreation areas[J], Papers and Proceedings of Regional Science Association 1964, 12:95-105.
C. L Jenlcins and B. M. Henry. Government involvement in tourism in Annals of Tourism Research[J], Volume 9, Issue 4,1982, Pages 499-521.
Dianne Dredge. Destination Place Planning And Design [J] .Annals of Tourism Research,1999,26 (4):786.
Diego Medina Munoz and Juan Manuel Garcia Falcon. Successful Relationship Between Hotels and Agencies. Annals of Tourism Research, 2000, Vol. 27, No. 3, 737-762.
Douglas G Pearce. Tourism in Paris studies at the Micro-scale[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, l999, 26(1):79.
Emilio Tommasi. Changing role of a national tourist office [J]. Tourism Management, Volume 8, Issue 2, June 1987, Page 89.
Gunn, C.A. Tourism Planning[M].New York: Taylor&Francis.1988.
Gormsen, E.The spatio-temporal development of international tourism: attempt at a center-periphery model .In La Consummation D' espace Parle Tourism Preservation, Chet, Aix-en-Provence, 1981:950-170.
Iiena Young. Public-Private Sector Cooperation: Enhancing Tourism Competitiveness. Annals of Tourism Research, 2002, Vol. 29, No. 2, Pages 573-574.
Jacqueline Arroll. Tourism cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region [J]. Tourism Management, Volume 14, Issue 5, October 1993, Pages 390-392.
Jean Gottman. Megalopolis:the Urbanized Northeastern seaboard of the United States[M],1961.
Jenny Briedenhann, Eugenia Wickens. Tourism routes as a tool for the economic development of rural areas-vibrant hope or impossible dream. Tourism Management, 2004 (25):71-79.
John Yacoumis.: South Pacific tourism promotion:A regional approach[J]. Tourism Management, Volume 10, Issue 1, March 1989, Pages 15-28.
Judd D R.Promoting Tourism in US Cities[J].Tourism Management,1995, 16(1):175-187.
Miossec, J .W. Elements pourune Theoriedel'Escape Touristique, Les Gahiers Du Tourisme:C-3, CHET, Aix-en-Provence,1976.
Peter E. Murphy. Community driven tourism planning[J]. Tourism Management, Volume 9, Issue 2, June 1988, Pages 96-104.
Peter U. C. Dieke: Tourism in the Gambia. some issues in development policy[J]. Development, Volume 21, Issue 2, February 1993, Pages 277-289.
Smith D M. Industrical location: an economic geographical analysis[M]. New York: John Wile&sons .1971. Steven Selin and Kim Beacon. Interorganizational relations in tourism[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 18, Issue 4,1991, Pages 639-652.
Suthip6and Chirathivat. ASEAN-India Cooperation in Trade and Tourism: Trends and Prospects[J]. Journal of Asian Economics, Vol. 7, No. 4,1996 Pages 743-757.
Tamzi BJamal and Donald Getz. Coollaboration theory and community tourism planning[J]. Annals of tourism research, Vol. 22, No.l pp186-204,1995.
Twan Huybers and Jeff Bennett. Inter-firm cooperation at nature-based tourism destinations. Journal of Socio-Economics , 2003 (32):571-587.
Victor B. Teye. Prospects for regional tourism cooperation in Africa[J]. Tourism Management, Volume 9, Issue 3, September 1988, Pages 221-234.
Weaver, D.B. Peripheries of the periphery: Tourism in Tobago and Barbuda[J]. Annals of Tourism Research. 1998, 25(2):292-313.
Yingzhi Guo, Samuel Seongseop Kim, Dallen J. Timothy and Kuo-Ching Wang. Tourism and reconciliation between Mainland China and Taiwan[J]. Tourism Management, 2005 (8). 2005-2009山东旅游统计便览.济南,2005-2009.
2009山东统计年鉴[M].中国统计出版社:北京,2009.
安虎森.区城经济学通论[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2004:251-278.
保继刚.旅游者空间行为规律在宾馆选址中的意义初探[J].人文地理,1991,6 (3):36-40.
保继刚等.旅游地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1993.
保继刚,古诗韵.广州城市游憩商业区(RBD)的形成与发展[J].人文地理,2002, 17(5):1-6.
卞显红.城市旅游空间规划布局的影响因素分析[J].地域研究与开发,2003,22(3):93-96.
陈传康.区域持续发展与行业开发[J].地理学报,1997,(6): 522-523.
邓冰,俞曦,吴必虎.旅游产业的集聚及其影响因素初探[J].桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2004,15(6):53-57.
甘巧林.旅游大省旅游业发展实力比较—兼析广东旅游业的发展实力[J].旅游学刊,2003,18(2):15-18.
古诗韵,保继刚.广州城市游憩商业区(RBD)对城市发展的影响[J].地理科学,2002,22(4): 489-494.
郭利平,陈忠暖.中国区域旅游经济综合实力分析和类型划分[J].地理学与国土研究,2001,(3):88-91.
郭伟,方淑芬.旅游复合系统协调开发理论、方法、实证[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
国务院农村发展研究中心区域发展研究室.国民经济成长阶段的区域问题[J].管理世界,1989(4):26-40.
何佳梅,王德刚.山东省文化资源旅游开发研究[M].齐鲁书社,2004.
侯国林,黄震方,赵志筱.城市商业游憩区的形成及其空间结构分析[J].人文地理,2002,17(5):12-16. 金卫东.城市旅游形象浅析[J].城市规划汇刊,1995,(1):60-63.
景体华,陈孟平等.2005-2006年:中国区域经济发展报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2006:1-393.
黎洁,赵西萍.论国际旅游竞争力[J].商业经济与管理,1999,( 4 ):63-65,68.
李明德.试论国际旅游城市的标准[J].旅游学刊,1999,(6):45-49.
李树民.区域旅游合作的行为模式与动力机制[J].旅游学刊,2005 (3). 李树民,陈实等.西安城市旅游竞争力的比较研究[J].西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002,32(4):103-106.
李天元.旅游学概论[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2000.
李永文.中国旅游资源地域分异规律及其开发研究[J].旅游学刊, 1995(2)45-48.
李仲广.旅游经济学:模型与方法[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2006.
梁艺桦,杨新军.区域旅游竞合博弈分析[M].地理与地理信息科学,2005 (3).
刘锋.旅游系统规划的实施途径与案例研究—以宁夏回族自治区为例[J].地理科学进展,2000,(3): 237-243.
刘住,杨荣斌,王勇.旅游业合作发展与“伙伴关系”培育的理论初探[J].上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2005(1).
刘再兴.中国区域经济:数量分析与对比研究[M].北京:中国物价出版社,1993.
陆大道.区城发展及其空间结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:137-186.
马耀峰.新世纪陕西旅游产品的开发[J].陕西大学学报(自然科学版).2002(1).
马勇.李玺.旅游规划与开发[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2002.
宁越敏,唐礼智.城市竞争力的概念和指标体系[J].现代城市研究,2001,(3):19-22.
彭华.关于旅游地文化开发的探讨[J].旅游学刊,1998,(1):43-46.
覃海宁,施敏.我国区域旅游合作中若干问题及对策分析[J].经济与社会发展,2005 (3).
宋家增.发展都市旅游之我见[J].旅游学刊,1996,(3): 23-25.
苏伟忠,杨英宝,顾朝林.城市旅游竞争力评价初探[J].旅游学刊,2003,18(3):39-42.
田苗,杨春宇.试探贵州旅游业的发展模式[J].曲靖师范学院学报,2002 (5).
[美]Walter Isard.陈宗兴等译.区域科学导论[M].北京高等教育出版社,1990.
万绪才,李刚,张安.区域旅游业国际竞争力定量评价理论与实践研究[J].经济地理,2001,15(3):355-358.
王衍用.区域旅游开发战略研究的理论与实践[J].经济地理,1999 (2).
王云龙.关于会展经济空间运动形式的分析[J].人文地理,2005,20(4):26-29.
韦伟等.中国地区比较优势分析[M].北京:中国计划出版社,1992.
魏卫,李娟文.都市旅游与旅游产品开发—以武汉市为例[J].经济地理,1997,(12): 98-102.
吴必虎.大城市环城游憩带(ReMAB)研究[J].地理科学,2001(4):354-359.
吴必虎.旅游系统:对旅游活动与旅游科学的一种解释[M].旅游教育出社,1999.
吴洪斌,李梦.山东向旅游强省迈进[N].大众日报,2007.1.9.
徐虹.智力资本.21世纪旅游饭店战略竞争力的源泉[J].南开管理评论,2000,(5):10-14.
张广瑞.简谈国际旅游城市应具备的条件——兼谈北京作为国际旅游城市还缺什么[J].旅游学刊,1994,(4) :16-20.
张辉.旅游战略需要调整[N].三秦都市报.2003:09-29(7).
张文忠.经济区位论[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
钟卫东,张伟.城市竞争力评价问题研究[J].中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2002,(3):10-13.
周伟林,严冀等.城市经济学[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2004:18-57.
朱春奎.区域产业竞争力评价指标与方法[J].江西行政学学报,2003,(5):21-24.
朱英明.产业集聚论[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2003:52-74.
庄晋时.区城要素整合与小企业发展[J].成都:西南财经大学出版社,2004:147-204.
邹薇.再论国家竞争力的内涵及其测试体系[J].经济评论,2000,(3): 12-18.
邹晓明,熊国保,马杰.区域旅游合作说论[J].江西社会科学,2004(11).
Alejandro Yanez Arancibia and John W. Day The Gulf of Mexico: towards an integration of coastal management with large marine ecosystem management[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management, 47 (2004) 537-563.
B. Hyma, A. Ojo and G. Wall. Tourism in Tropical Africa A review of literature in English and research agenda[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 7, Issue 4,1980, Pages 525-553.
Briton, S .G .The spatial organization of tourism in a neo-colonial economy: Afijicase study [J].Pacific Viewpoint, 1980, 21(2):144-65.
Cevat Tosun. Stages in the emergence of a participatory tourism development approach in the Developing World. Geoforum, 2005(36): 333-352.
Christaller. Some considerations of tourism location in Europe:the peripheral region-underdeveloped countries-recreation areas[J], Papers and Proceedings of Regional Science Association 1964, 12:95-105.
C. L Jenlcins and B. M. Henry. Government involvement in tourism in Annals of Tourism Research[J], Volume 9, Issue 4,1982, Pages 499-521.
Dianne Dredge. Destination Place Planning And Design [J] .Annals of Tourism Research,1999,26 (4):786.
Diego Medina Munoz and Juan Manuel Garcia Falcon. Successful Relationship Between Hotels and Agencies. Annals of Tourism Research, 2000, Vol. 27, No. 3, 737-762.
Douglas G Pearce. Tourism in Paris studies at the Micro-scale[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, l999, 26(1):79.
Emilio Tommasi. Changing role of a national tourist office [J]. Tourism Management, Volume 8, Issue 2, June 1987, Page 89.
Gunn, C.A. Tourism Planning[M].New York: Taylor&Francis.1988.
Gormsen, E.The spatio-temporal development of international tourism: attempt at a center-periphery model .In La Consummation D' espace Parle Tourism Preservation, Chet, Aix-en-Provence, 1981:950-170.
Iiena Young. Public-Private Sector Cooperation: Enhancing Tourism Competitiveness. Annals of Tourism Research, 2002, Vol. 29, No. 2, Pages 573-574.
Jacqueline Arroll. Tourism cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region [J]. Tourism Management, Volume 14, Issue 5, October 1993, Pages 390-392.
Jean Gottman. Megalopolis:the Urbanized Northeastern seaboard of the United States[M],1961.
Jenny Briedenhann, Eugenia Wickens. Tourism routes as a tool for the economic development of rural areas-vibrant hope or impossible dream. Tourism Management, 2004 (25):71-79.
John Yacoumis.: South Pacific tourism promotion:A regional approach[J]. Tourism Management, Volume 10, Issue 1, March 1989, Pages 15-28.
Judd D R.Promoting Tourism in US Cities[J].Tourism Management,1995, 16(1):175-187.
Miossec, J .W. Elements pourune Theoriedel'Escape Touristique, Les Gahiers Du Tourisme:C-3, CHET, Aix-en-Provence,1976.
Peter E. Murphy. Community driven tourism planning[J]. Tourism Management, Volume 9, Issue 2, June 1988, Pages 96-104.
Peter U. C. Dieke: Tourism in the Gambia. some issues in development policy[J]. Development, Volume 21, Issue 2, February 1993, Pages 277-289.
Smith D M. Industrical location: an economic geographical analysis[M]. New York: John Wile&sons .1971. Steven Selin and Kim Beacon. Interorganizational relations in tourism[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 18, Issue 4,1991, Pages 639-652.
Suthip6and Chirathivat. ASEAN-India Cooperation in Trade and Tourism: Trends and Prospects[J]. Journal of Asian Economics, Vol. 7, No. 4,1996 Pages 743-757.
Tamzi BJamal and Donald Getz. Coollaboration theory and community tourism planning[J]. Annals of tourism research, Vol. 22, No.l pp186-204,1995.
Twan Huybers and Jeff Bennett. Inter-firm cooperation at nature-based tourism destinations. Journal of Socio-Economics , 2003 (32):571-587.
Victor B. Teye. Prospects for regional tourism cooperation in Africa[J]. Tourism Management, Volume 9, Issue 3, September 1988, Pages 221-234.
Weaver, D.B. Peripheries of the periphery: Tourism in Tobago and Barbuda[J]. Annals of Tourism Research. 1998, 25(2):292-313.
Yingzhi Guo, Samuel Seongseop Kim, Dallen J. Timothy and Kuo-Ching Wang. Tourism and reconciliation between Mainland China and Taiwan[J]. Tourism Management, 2005 (8). 2005-2009山东旅游统计便览.济南,2005-2009.
2009山东统计年鉴[M].中国统计出版社:北京,2009.
安虎森.区城经济学通论[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2004:251-278.
保继刚.旅游者空间行为规律在宾馆选址中的意义初探[J].人文地理,1991,6 (3):36-40.
保继刚等.旅游地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1993.
保继刚,古诗韵.广州城市游憩商业区(RBD)的形成与发展[J].人文地理,2002, 17(5):1-6.
卞显红.城市旅游空间规划布局的影响因素分析[J].地域研究与开发,2003,22(3):93-96.
陈传康.区域持续发展与行业开发[J].地理学报,1997,(6): 522-523.
邓冰,俞曦,吴必虎.旅游产业的集聚及其影响因素初探[J].桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2004,15(6):53-57.
甘巧林.旅游大省旅游业发展实力比较—兼析广东旅游业的发展实力[J].旅游学刊,2003,18(2):15-18.
古诗韵,保继刚.广州城市游憩商业区(RBD)对城市发展的影响[J].地理科学,2002,22(4): 489-494.
郭利平,陈忠暖.中国区域旅游经济综合实力分析和类型划分[J].地理学与国土研究,2001,(3):88-91.
郭伟,方淑芬.旅游复合系统协调开发理论、方法、实证[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
国务院农村发展研究中心区域发展研究室.国民经济成长阶段的区域问题[J].管理世界,1989(4):26-40.
何佳梅,王德刚.山东省文化资源旅游开发研究[M].齐鲁书社,2004.
侯国林,黄震方,赵志筱.城市商业游憩区的形成及其空间结构分析[J].人文地理,2002,17(5):12-16. 金卫东.城市旅游形象浅析[J].城市规划汇刊,1995,(1):60-63.
景体华,陈孟平等.2005-2006年:中国区域经济发展报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2006:1-393.
黎洁,赵西萍.论国际旅游竞争力[J].商业经济与管理,1999,( 4 ):63-65,68.
李明德.试论国际旅游城市的标准[J].旅游学刊,1999,(6):45-49.
李树民.区域旅游合作的行为模式与动力机制[J].旅游学刊,2005 (3). 李树民,陈实等.西安城市旅游竞争力的比较研究[J].西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002,32(4):103-106.
李天元.旅游学概论[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2000.
李永文.中国旅游资源地域分异规律及其开发研究[J].旅游学刊, 1995(2)45-48.
李仲广.旅游经济学:模型与方法[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2006.
梁艺桦,杨新军.区域旅游竞合博弈分析[M].地理与地理信息科学,2005 (3).
刘锋.旅游系统规划的实施途径与案例研究—以宁夏回族自治区为例[J].地理科学进展,2000,(3): 237-243.
刘住,杨荣斌,王勇.旅游业合作发展与“伙伴关系”培育的理论初探[J].上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2005(1).
刘再兴.中国区域经济:数量分析与对比研究[M].北京:中国物价出版社,1993.
陆大道.区城发展及其空间结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:137-186.
马耀峰.新世纪陕西旅游产品的开发[J].陕西大学学报(自然科学版).2002(1).
马勇.李玺.旅游规划与开发[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2002.
宁越敏,唐礼智.城市竞争力的概念和指标体系[J].现代城市研究,2001,(3):19-22.
彭华.关于旅游地文化开发的探讨[J].旅游学刊,1998,(1):43-46.
覃海宁,施敏.我国区域旅游合作中若干问题及对策分析[J].经济与社会发展,2005 (3).
宋家增.发展都市旅游之我见[J].旅游学刊,1996,(3): 23-25.
苏伟忠,杨英宝,顾朝林.城市旅游竞争力评价初探[J].旅游学刊,2003,18(3):39-42.
田苗,杨春宇.试探贵州旅游业的发展模式[J].曲靖师范学院学报,2002 (5).
[美]Walter Isard.陈宗兴等译.区域科学导论[M].北京高等教育出版社,1990.
万绪才,李刚,张安.区域旅游业国际竞争力定量评价理论与实践研究[J].经济地理,2001,15(3):355-358.
王衍用.区域旅游开发战略研究的理论与实践[J].经济地理,1999 (2).
王云龙.关于会展经济空间运动形式的分析[J].人文地理,2005,20(4):26-29.
韦伟等.中国地区比较优势分析[M].北京:中国计划出版社,1992.
魏卫,李娟文.都市旅游与旅游产品开发—以武汉市为例[J].经济地理,1997,(12): 98-102.
吴必虎.大城市环城游憩带(ReMAB)研究[J].地理科学,2001(4):354-359.
吴必虎.旅游系统:对旅游活动与旅游科学的一种解释[M].旅游教育出社,1999.
吴洪斌,李梦.山东向旅游强省迈进[N].大众日报,2007.1.9.
徐虹.智力资本.21世纪旅游饭店战略竞争力的源泉[J].南开管理评论,2000,(5):10-14.
张广瑞.简谈国际旅游城市应具备的条件——兼谈北京作为国际旅游城市还缺什么[J].旅游学刊,1994,(4) :16-20.
张辉.旅游战略需要调整[N].三秦都市报.2003:09-29(7).
张文忠.经济区位论[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
钟卫东,张伟.城市竞争力评价问题研究[J].中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2002,(3):10-13.
周伟林,严冀等.城市经济学[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2004:18-57.
朱春奎.区域产业竞争力评价指标与方法[J].江西行政学学报,2003,(5):21-24.
朱英明.产业集聚论[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2003:52-74.
庄晋时.区城要素整合与小企业发展[J].成都:西南财经大学出版社,2004:147-204.
邹薇.再论国家竞争力的内涵及其测试体系[J].经济评论,2000,(3): 12-18.
邹晓明,熊国保,马杰.区域旅游合作说论[J].江西社会科学,2004(11).