基于FPGA的可穿戴医护系统的接口设计与研究
摘要
近年来,随着半导体技术、计算机技术、通讯技术日新月异的发展,计算机向着高性能、微型化方向发展的速度也越来越快。半导体技术的提高和嵌入式技术的应用,使得传统意义上的计算机已缩小至芯片级。人们对计算机的要求不满足于固定的场所和固定的方式,人们想在随时随地使用便携式计算机,在这种技术背景下,人们对当今计算机的应用提出了一种新的需求——可穿戴计算机。
在QuartusII6.0设计环境下,使用VHDL硬件描述语言和基于FPGA的EDA设计方法,采用RISC和CISC相结合的思想设计出了可穿戴医护系统处理器。
在研究和设计过程中主要做了以下工作：
1.根据可穿戴医护系统所要实现的各种生理信息采集等功能需求,并对RISC技术和CISC技术进行对比分析,为系统设计出专用的指令系统。
2.设计出可穿戴医护系统的各个组成模块。
3.先对处理器各个模块进行功能仿真验证,然后将处理器的各个模块整合成CPU整机,针对不同的CPU功能,以所设计指令集编写测试程序进行仿真验证；将波形文件下载到硬件平台上进行验证,可以发现仿真验证和硬件平台验证是一致的。验证结果表明了所设计CPU的有效性。
本课题的研究内容为“基于FPGA的可穿戴医护系统的接口设计与研究”,主要研究任务是：设计一个可穿戴医护系统的处理器,并根据可穿戴医护系统的需求和外设信息,设计出系统的中断系统、程序计数器和串行通信接口。最后通过仿真验证系统的正确性和有效性。
In recent years, as the rapid development of the semiconductor technology, the computer technology, the communication technology, the computer has developed more and more quickly towards the high-performance and the microminiaturized. As the improvement of semiconductor technology and the application of the embedded technology, makes the traditional sense of the computer has been down to the board level and the chip level. The traditional computer has been reduced to the chip level. Because people have been not satisfied with the fixed place and the fixed way to use the computer, they want to use the portable computer anywhere. So people has made a new application—the wearable computer.
In QuartusII6.0 environment, we have designed the processor of the wearable medical system using idea of RISC and CISC, as using VHDL and EDA.
In the research and design processing, we have done the following work:
1. According to analyzing the functional requirements of wearable medical system, we have designed the special instruction system as comparing the CISC and the RISC.
2. We have designed the component modules of.the wearable medical system.
3. First, we made the simulation verification for the component modules of.the wearable medical system. Second, we made the simulation verification for the CPU depending on the function instruction. Finally, we download the waveform file to the system platform, and it can show the effectiveness of the CPU.
The content of the issue is "The Design and Research of The Wearable System Interface based on FPGA", the main research work is to design the processor of the special wearable medical computer. According to the peripheral information and the demand of the wearable system, we design the interrupt system, the program counter and UART. Finally, it can show the effectiveness and correctness by simulation.
在QuartusII6.0设计环境下,使用VHDL硬件描述语言和基于FPGA的EDA设计方法,采用RISC和CISC相结合的思想设计出了可穿戴医护系统处理器。
在研究和设计过程中主要做了以下工作：
1.根据可穿戴医护系统所要实现的各种生理信息采集等功能需求,并对RISC技术和CISC技术进行对比分析,为系统设计出专用的指令系统。
2.设计出可穿戴医护系统的各个组成模块。
3.先对处理器各个模块进行功能仿真验证,然后将处理器的各个模块整合成CPU整机,针对不同的CPU功能,以所设计指令集编写测试程序进行仿真验证；将波形文件下载到硬件平台上进行验证,可以发现仿真验证和硬件平台验证是一致的。验证结果表明了所设计CPU的有效性。
本课题的研究内容为“基于FPGA的可穿戴医护系统的接口设计与研究”,主要研究任务是：设计一个可穿戴医护系统的处理器,并根据可穿戴医护系统的需求和外设信息,设计出系统的中断系统、程序计数器和串行通信接口。最后通过仿真验证系统的正确性和有效性。
In recent years, as the rapid development of the semiconductor technology, the computer technology, the communication technology, the computer has developed more and more quickly towards the high-performance and the microminiaturized. As the improvement of semiconductor technology and the application of the embedded technology, makes the traditional sense of the computer has been down to the board level and the chip level. The traditional computer has been reduced to the chip level. Because people have been not satisfied with the fixed place and the fixed way to use the computer, they want to use the portable computer anywhere. So people has made a new application—the wearable computer.
In QuartusII6.0 environment, we have designed the processor of the wearable medical system using idea of RISC and CISC, as using VHDL and EDA.
In the research and design processing, we have done the following work:
1. According to analyzing the functional requirements of wearable medical system, we have designed the special instruction system as comparing the CISC and the RISC.
2. We have designed the component modules of.the wearable medical system.
3. First, we made the simulation verification for the component modules of.the wearable medical system. Second, we made the simulation verification for the CPU depending on the function instruction. Finally, we download the waveform file to the system platform, and it can show the effectiveness of the CPU.
The content of the issue is "The Design and Research of The Wearable System Interface based on FPGA", the main research work is to design the processor of the special wearable medical computer. According to the peripheral information and the demand of the wearable system, we design the interrupt system, the program counter and UART. Finally, it can show the effectiveness and correctness by simulation.
引文
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[7]胡金明.嵌入式处理器在移动通信系统中的应用[J].电脑知识与技术,2009,5(36)
[8]凡启飞.高性能嵌入式处理器低功耗技术研究[D].合肥：中国科学技术大学,2009
[9]张奕.32位5级流水线嵌入式处理器设计[D].成都：电子科技大学,2007
[10]赖铭强,聂新义,段国东.高性能嵌入式处理器技术[J].计算机工程,2009,35(14)
[11]迎九.嵌入式芯片技术漫笔.电子产品世界[J],2003,10：2-4
[12]季睿.基于PCI总线的IEEE 1394接口开发[D].上海：上海交通大学,2009
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[15]马鹏,卢景芬,龚令侃.32位嵌入式CPU的微体系结构设计[A].华东计算技术研究所建所50周年庆学术交流会论文集[C].2008.
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[17]曹瑞.EDA工具如何应对FPGA设计中的多重挑战[J].半导体技术,2007,32(7)
[18]童鹏,胡以华.FPGA器件选型研究[J].现代电子技术,2007,30(20)
[19]张红.浅述EDA技术的发展及其应用[J].中国科技成果,2009,(2)
[20]潘松.EDA技术及应用教程[M].北京：科学出版社
[21]张华.可编程逻辑器件概述[J].硅谷,2009,(20)
[22]徐新民,吴晓波,严晓浪.现场可编程门阵列动态重构下的低功耗研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(2)
[23]潘光华,来金梅,陈利光等.FPGA可编程逻辑单元时序功能的设计实现[J].电子学报,2008,36(8)
[24]蒋敬旗.芯片设计方法学的基础—硬件描述语言Verilog--国家标准GB／T18349-2001〈集成电路／计算机硬件描述语言Verilog>介绍[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2002,14(11)
[25]翟殿棠,郑显臣,孙传伟.基于QuartusⅡ平台的数字系统设计[J].甘肃科技,2006,22(5)
[26]应云剑,刘晓云.基于可穿戴计算机的代码优化研究[J].福建电脑,2006,09
[27]吕宏强.可穿戴计算机硬件发展现状和存在问题分析[J].硅谷,2008,(2)
[28]侯冬晴.ARM技术原理与应用[M].北京：清华大学出版社
[29]杨海波,余国强,于伦正.PowerPC处理器应用于VME总线系统研究[J].微电子学与计算机,2007,04
[30]赵俊良,张福新,陶品.MIPS处理器设计透视[M].北京：航空航天大学出版社
[31]袁伟.RISC流水线架构的具有复杂指令系统的8位微处理器设计[D].北京：北京大学,2006
[32]王红.基于FPGA的精简指令集计算机的研究与开发[D].沈阳：东北大学,2004
[33]D.K.Jung,K.N.Kim.Bio-signal Monitoring System for Mobile Telemedicine[M]IEEE: 2005,5:31-36.
[34]James F. Knight,Chris Baber.Assessing the physical loading of wearable computers[J].Applied Ergonomics.2007,38:237-247
[35]Anthony J.Massa. Embedded Sotfware Development with Cos[J].Pearson Education
[36]D.K.Jung,K.N.Kim.Bio-signal Monitoring System for Mobile Telemedicine[M]IEEE: 2005,5:31-36.
[37]张文菊.人体几种体温测量方法的研究进展[J].天津护理.2006.14：245-246
[38]PUpkar Varshney. Pervasive health care and wireless health monitoring[J]. Mobile Networks and Applications.2007,12,2-3:114
[39]王炳和,相敬林.脉搏声信号检测系统实验设计及功率谱特征[J].中华物理医学杂志.1998,20：158-161
[40]李立礼.一种高性能便携型电子血压计的设计[J].贺州学院学报2007
[2]李丙成.可编程逻辑器件CPLD／FPGA的发展概述[J].中国科技博览,2009,(30)
[3]周玮宁,施荣,沈连丰.基于蓝牙技术的无线医疗监护系统[J].现代电子技术,2004,27(1)
[4]丛明.可穿戴式计算简介.计算机仿真[J],2005,22,2：261-264
[5]严壮志,张静,施俊等.无线医疗监护技术综述[J].中国医疗器械杂志,2006,30(5)
[6]陈东义.可穿戴式计算机的发展与趋势(Ⅰ).重庆大学学报自然科学版[J],2000,5：119-123
[7]胡金明.嵌入式处理器在移动通信系统中的应用[J].电脑知识与技术,2009,5(36)
[8]凡启飞.高性能嵌入式处理器低功耗技术研究[D].合肥：中国科学技术大学,2009
[9]张奕.32位5级流水线嵌入式处理器设计[D].成都：电子科技大学,2007
[10]赖铭强,聂新义,段国东.高性能嵌入式处理器技术[J].计算机工程,2009,35(14)
[11]迎九.嵌入式芯片技术漫笔.电子产品世界[J],2003,10：2-4
[12]季睿.基于PCI总线的IEEE 1394接口开发[D].上海：上海交通大学,2009
[13]刘彦.USB接口与IEEE 1394接口之争[J].大众科技,2008,(11)
[14]潘国振,王界兵,严晓浪.高性能嵌入式CPU特殊指令单元的设计与实现[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2005,39(2)
[15]马鹏,卢景芬,龚令侃.32位嵌入式CPU的微体系结构设计[A].华东计算技术研究所建所50周年庆学术交流会论文集[C].2008.
[16]孙富明.基于多种EDA工具的FPGA设计[J].电子技术应用,2002,28(1)
[17]曹瑞.EDA工具如何应对FPGA设计中的多重挑战[J].半导体技术,2007,32(7)
[18]童鹏,胡以华.FPGA器件选型研究[J].现代电子技术,2007,30(20)
[19]张红.浅述EDA技术的发展及其应用[J].中国科技成果,2009,(2)
[20]潘松.EDA技术及应用教程[M].北京：科学出版社
[21]张华.可编程逻辑器件概述[J].硅谷,2009,(20)
[22]徐新民,吴晓波,严晓浪.现场可编程门阵列动态重构下的低功耗研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(2)
[23]潘光华,来金梅,陈利光等.FPGA可编程逻辑单元时序功能的设计实现[J].电子学报,2008,36(8)
[24]蒋敬旗.芯片设计方法学的基础—硬件描述语言Verilog--国家标准GB／T18349-2001〈集成电路／计算机硬件描述语言Verilog>介绍[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2002,14(11)
[25]翟殿棠,郑显臣,孙传伟.基于QuartusⅡ平台的数字系统设计[J].甘肃科技,2006,22(5)
[26]应云剑,刘晓云.基于可穿戴计算机的代码优化研究[J].福建电脑,2006,09
[27]吕宏强.可穿戴计算机硬件发展现状和存在问题分析[J].硅谷,2008,(2)
[28]侯冬晴.ARM技术原理与应用[M].北京：清华大学出版社
[29]杨海波,余国强,于伦正.PowerPC处理器应用于VME总线系统研究[J].微电子学与计算机,2007,04
[30]赵俊良,张福新,陶品.MIPS处理器设计透视[M].北京：航空航天大学出版社
[31]袁伟.RISC流水线架构的具有复杂指令系统的8位微处理器设计[D].北京：北京大学,2006
[32]王红.基于FPGA的精简指令集计算机的研究与开发[D].沈阳：东北大学,2004
[33]D.K.Jung,K.N.Kim.Bio-signal Monitoring System for Mobile Telemedicine[M]IEEE: 2005,5:31-36.
[34]James F. Knight,Chris Baber.Assessing the physical loading of wearable computers[J].Applied Ergonomics.2007,38:237-247
[35]Anthony J.Massa. Embedded Sotfware Development with Cos[J].Pearson Education
[36]D.K.Jung,K.N.Kim.Bio-signal Monitoring System for Mobile Telemedicine[M]IEEE: 2005,5:31-36.
[37]张文菊.人体几种体温测量方法的研究进展[J].天津护理.2006.14：245-246
[38]PUpkar Varshney. Pervasive health care and wireless health monitoring[J]. Mobile Networks and Applications.2007,12,2-3:114
[39]王炳和,相敬林.脉搏声信号检测系统实验设计及功率谱特征[J].中华物理医学杂志.1998,20：158-161
[40]李立礼.一种高性能便携型电子血压计的设计[J].贺州学院学报2007