用于水中灭藻纳秒级高压脉冲电源的研究
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摘要
近年来水污染日益严重,随着脉冲功率电源技术的迅速发展,污水处理和灭藻也成为它新的应用方向,这就对脉冲电源的提出了新的要求,更加快速的上升沿,特定的脉冲峰值,特定的脉冲能量,以及紧凑的结构设计,在这样的背景下,本文展开了对新型结构的纳秒级脉冲电源的研究。
首先说明了灭藻用脉冲电源的设计思路,提出了一种Marx发生器和磁开关相结合的拓扑结构。利用Marx发生器产生百纳秒级的初级脉冲,再利用磁开关的功能对初级脉冲整形,实现纳秒级高压脉冲。
改进传统Marx发生器的充电结构,并对充电回路建模,分析充电过程,总结出不同充电系统的影响。对放电过程进行计算,建立带有负载的放电回路模型,分析不同负载对Marx发生器性能的影响。研究了磁开关的工作特性,就脉冲陡化和脉冲压缩两种不同应用,分析由其构成的脉冲整形电路,总结饱和过程对脉冲上升沿的影响。
根据计算结果确定电路参数,用PSPICE对Marx发生器的充电和放电过程仿真,分析各元件参数对脉冲上升沿、充电效率、脉冲峰值等的影响。利用PSPICE编辑器件的功能来建立磁开关的模型,仿真分析磁开关的整形效果。在此基础上对脉冲电源的进行单次脉冲和重复频率脉冲的仿真分析。
最后对晶闸管的同步驱动电路进行设计,采用ATmega8作为控制器进行硬件和软件设计,并阐述了与激光实验室联合实验时,毛细管放电的实验结果。
本文在上升时间短、紧凑化结构的脉冲电源应用和需求日益增长的形势下,开展一种新结构脉冲电源的设计工作。用仿真分析的方式证明了这种结构的可行性,为纳秒级脉冲电源的研究工作作出部分贡献。
The water pollution has been increasingly serious in recent years. Along with its development, pulse power technology has been applied in sewage treatment and algae elimination. Some new requests have been set to pulse, such as shorter rising time, specific pulse peak, specific pulse energy, and compact structural design. Under such background, this article has launched to the new structure nanosecond-level pulse power research.
First, the design idea of the pulse generator was explained which was used to eliminate algae. A topology configuration of pulse generator containing with Marx generator and magnetic switch was proposed. Marx generator generated a primary pulse, than the magnetic switch reshaped the primary pulse into the nanosecond level high voltage pulse.
The charge structure of traditional Marx generator was improved. The model of charge circuit was established. The charge process was analyzed. The influence of different charge systems was summarized. The discharge process was computed, the model of discharge circuit with load established, and the influence of different load to the performance of Marx generator analyzed. Also the operational characteristics of magnetic switch was studied, the reshaping circuit analyzed and constructed by it which can be applied in steeping pulse and compressing pulse. Furthermore the influence of saturation process on pulse rising border was summarized.
The charge and discharge circuit with computed parameters of Marx generator was simulated with the software of PSPICE was simulated. The influence of various parameter on pulse rising edge, charge efficiency, pulse peak were analyzed. The model of magnetic switch was established with the function of editing components in the software of PSPICE. The reshaping effect of magnetic switch was analyzed with simulation. Based on work above, stimulation of the single pulse and repetitive pulse was analyzed.
Finally, the synchronization driving circuit of thyristor was designed. The hardware and software with the controller of ATmega8 was designed. The process and results of the experiment in laser laboratory was given.
In this article, a kind of new structure pulse generator was designed under the increasing application and need of pulse generator with short rising edge and compact structure. Result of stimulation analysis proved the feasibility of such structure. This article of a new pulse generator can make a little contribution to the study on nanosecond-level pulse generator.
首先说明了灭藻用脉冲电源的设计思路,提出了一种Marx发生器和磁开关相结合的拓扑结构。利用Marx发生器产生百纳秒级的初级脉冲,再利用磁开关的功能对初级脉冲整形,实现纳秒级高压脉冲。
改进传统Marx发生器的充电结构,并对充电回路建模,分析充电过程,总结出不同充电系统的影响。对放电过程进行计算,建立带有负载的放电回路模型,分析不同负载对Marx发生器性能的影响。研究了磁开关的工作特性,就脉冲陡化和脉冲压缩两种不同应用,分析由其构成的脉冲整形电路,总结饱和过程对脉冲上升沿的影响。
根据计算结果确定电路参数,用PSPICE对Marx发生器的充电和放电过程仿真,分析各元件参数对脉冲上升沿、充电效率、脉冲峰值等的影响。利用PSPICE编辑器件的功能来建立磁开关的模型,仿真分析磁开关的整形效果。在此基础上对脉冲电源的进行单次脉冲和重复频率脉冲的仿真分析。
最后对晶闸管的同步驱动电路进行设计,采用ATmega8作为控制器进行硬件和软件设计,并阐述了与激光实验室联合实验时,毛细管放电的实验结果。
本文在上升时间短、紧凑化结构的脉冲电源应用和需求日益增长的形势下,开展一种新结构脉冲电源的设计工作。用仿真分析的方式证明了这种结构的可行性,为纳秒级脉冲电源的研究工作作出部分贡献。
The water pollution has been increasingly serious in recent years. Along with its development, pulse power technology has been applied in sewage treatment and algae elimination. Some new requests have been set to pulse, such as shorter rising time, specific pulse peak, specific pulse energy, and compact structural design. Under such background, this article has launched to the new structure nanosecond-level pulse power research.
First, the design idea of the pulse generator was explained which was used to eliminate algae. A topology configuration of pulse generator containing with Marx generator and magnetic switch was proposed. Marx generator generated a primary pulse, than the magnetic switch reshaped the primary pulse into the nanosecond level high voltage pulse.
The charge structure of traditional Marx generator was improved. The model of charge circuit was established. The charge process was analyzed. The influence of different charge systems was summarized. The discharge process was computed, the model of discharge circuit with load established, and the influence of different load to the performance of Marx generator analyzed. Also the operational characteristics of magnetic switch was studied, the reshaping circuit analyzed and constructed by it which can be applied in steeping pulse and compressing pulse. Furthermore the influence of saturation process on pulse rising border was summarized.
The charge and discharge circuit with computed parameters of Marx generator was simulated with the software of PSPICE was simulated. The influence of various parameter on pulse rising edge, charge efficiency, pulse peak were analyzed. The model of magnetic switch was established with the function of editing components in the software of PSPICE. The reshaping effect of magnetic switch was analyzed with simulation. Based on work above, stimulation of the single pulse and repetitive pulse was analyzed.
Finally, the synchronization driving circuit of thyristor was designed. The hardware and software with the controller of ATmega8 was designed. The process and results of the experiment in laser laboratory was given.
In this article, a kind of new structure pulse generator was designed under the increasing application and need of pulse generator with short rising edge and compact structure. Result of stimulation analysis proved the feasibility of such structure. This article of a new pulse generator can make a little contribution to the study on nanosecond-level pulse generator.
引文
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2蒋耀庭，孙英．高压静电场用于酱油灭菌处理的研究．高电压技术．1999，25(3)．46～47
3朱丽楠，马军，杨世东．高压电场中陶粒填充床对亚甲基兰的脱色效能．哈尔滨商业大学学报．2007，23(1)：58～61
4李梅，曲久辉，彭永臻．脉冲磁场水处理技术在杀菌灭藻方面的研究．环境科学学报．2004，24(2)：260～264
5周蔚红，张钧．电磁脉冲灭菌研究．微波学报．2000，16(3)：320～321
6王玉峰，李立伟，邹积岩等．纳秒级上升时间的高压脉冲群电源．电力系统自动化．2006，30(22)：96～100
7潘应君．等离子体技术在材料中的应用．湖北科学技术出版社．2003：25-28
8刘锡三．高功率脉冲技术．国防工业出版社．2005：17～19，88～89，35～36，51-54，380-390
9 H．G．Wisken，Th．H．G．G．Weise．Capacitive Pulsed Power Supply Systemsfor ETC Guns．IEEE Transactions on Magnetics．2003，39(1)：501～504
10 Jack S．Bernardes，Michael F．Stumborg，Thomas E．Jean．Analysis of aCapacitor--Based Pulsed--Power System for Driving Long--RangeElectromagnetic Guns．IEEE Transactions on Magnetics．2003，39(1)：486-487
11 E．Spahn．G．Buderer．C．Gauthier-Blum．Novel PFN with Current Turn-offCapability for Electric Launchers．IEEE Transactions on Magnetics．2001，37(1)：398-402
12 H．Akiyama．Streamer Discharges in Liquids and Their Applications．IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation．2000，7(5)：646-653
13 Reckdahl K．等离子体电子工程学．王磊，译．北京：科学出版社．2002：15～18
14马振国．等离子体工业的崛起与发展．科技导报．1995，(2)：14～17
15 E．L．Neau．Environmental and Industrial Applications of Pulsed PowerSystems．1EEE Transactions on Plasma Science．1994，22(1)：2～4
16李冬黎，曹丰文，张晋等．脉冲功率技术在环境工程领域的应用．高电压技术．2002，28(10)：35～36
17曹金祥，低温等离子体灭菌方法与特点．现代物理知识．1999，11(1)：11～12
18罗跃辉，杨兰均，冯允平等．放电等离子体空气灭菌净化技术的研究．高电压技术．2001，27(5)：39～40
19储金宇，吴春笃，杨超珍等．等离子体脉冲荷电喷雾装置．农业机械学报．2004．35(6)：98～99
20 Mounir Laroussi．Biological decontamination by non-thermal plasma．IEEETransaction on Plasma Science．2000，28(1)：184-188
21 Zhenzhou Su，Hyun-Ha，Masashi Tsutsui，et al．OH radical generation byatmospheric pressure plasma and its quantitative analysis by monitoring COoxidation．IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science．1999．27(3)：1473-1477
22 D M Barrett．Magnetic Pulse Compression Techniques for Non-thermalPlasma Discharge Applications．Industry Applications Conference．1995，3：2065-2070
23朱志杰，张贵新，刘亮，等．用于产生等离子体的高压脉冲电源的研制．高电压技术．2007，(2)：28～31
24 Pfender E．Thermal plasma technology：present and future．Advances inMechanics．1999，29(2)：44-49．
25 Conrads H，Schmit M．Plasma generation and plasma sources．IEEE Trans onPlasma Source．2000，(19)：441-454
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