齿轮滚刀的深冷处理的计算机模拟
|
摘要
近年来,深冷处理作为业界广泛认可的、新型的产品改性以及强化的重要工艺程序,已有很多文献探讨了其作用的机理。但是对其进行计算机模拟尚且处于起步阶段。
本文以齿轮滚刀作为研究对象,以现行刀具制造厂热处理工艺规范为标准,根据深冷处理规范,在测定W9Mo3Cr4V材料低温热导率、低温比热以及温度场的试验基础上,以试验参数作为模拟的依据,使用ANSYS软件采用直接耦合法进行模拟,在完成了淬火过程的温度场和应力场分析之后,作为初始条件施加到深冷处理模拟中做后续分析,以此说明深冷处理作用。
齿轮滚刀深冷处理过程模拟的成功,为同种材料或其它材料的刀具深冷处理模拟提供了一个模板,进而形成一套成熟稳定、操作简便的能够预测热处理过程温度场及应力场、控制热处理结果、合理选择热处理规范的方法体系,为热处理过程的预测提供依据。进而将以计算机模拟促进热处理虚拟生产的逐步普及,逐步提升热处理的技术水平,从而大幅度提高虚拟制造的功能。
In recent years, cryogenic treatment is a process which can improve the new product and strengthen the product which has been accepted by the members of the material field. There were much documentation which has researched the strengthening mechanism, but calculating in computer was just start.
This article describes the gear cutter hob in the basis of hot processing of manufactory, based on the cryogenic treatment processing and the experiment of measuring W9Mo3Cr4V material heat conductivity, specific heat and temperature field in the low temperature. The simulation was in response to test parameters, directly coupling using ANSYS software. Follow-up analysis in the simulation of cryogenic treatment processing was done after accomplishing quench treatment process for temperature field and stress analysis. Throughout the whole simulation, the projecting part was that the cryogenic treatment processing was the resume of cryogenic treatment process, the credibility and the accuracy of simulation were promised possibly.
A set of mature, stable and simple operation for forecasting temperature pattern and stress analysis will be generalized to other similar products according with the success of the cryogenic treatment process with the gear cutter hob. Furthermore, calculating in computer will promote the technology of the dummy production and manufacturing.
本文以齿轮滚刀作为研究对象,以现行刀具制造厂热处理工艺规范为标准,根据深冷处理规范,在测定W9Mo3Cr4V材料低温热导率、低温比热以及温度场的试验基础上,以试验参数作为模拟的依据,使用ANSYS软件采用直接耦合法进行模拟,在完成了淬火过程的温度场和应力场分析之后,作为初始条件施加到深冷处理模拟中做后续分析,以此说明深冷处理作用。
齿轮滚刀深冷处理过程模拟的成功,为同种材料或其它材料的刀具深冷处理模拟提供了一个模板,进而形成一套成熟稳定、操作简便的能够预测热处理过程温度场及应力场、控制热处理结果、合理选择热处理规范的方法体系,为热处理过程的预测提供依据。进而将以计算机模拟促进热处理虚拟生产的逐步普及,逐步提升热处理的技术水平,从而大幅度提高虚拟制造的功能。
In recent years, cryogenic treatment is a process which can improve the new product and strengthen the product which has been accepted by the members of the material field. There were much documentation which has researched the strengthening mechanism, but calculating in computer was just start.
This article describes the gear cutter hob in the basis of hot processing of manufactory, based on the cryogenic treatment processing and the experiment of measuring W9Mo3Cr4V material heat conductivity, specific heat and temperature field in the low temperature. The simulation was in response to test parameters, directly coupling using ANSYS software. Follow-up analysis in the simulation of cryogenic treatment processing was done after accomplishing quench treatment process for temperature field and stress analysis. Throughout the whole simulation, the projecting part was that the cryogenic treatment processing was the resume of cryogenic treatment process, the credibility and the accuracy of simulation were promised possibly.
A set of mature, stable and simple operation for forecasting temperature pattern and stress analysis will be generalized to other similar products according with the success of the cryogenic treatment process with the gear cutter hob. Furthermore, calculating in computer will promote the technology of the dummy production and manufacturing.
引文
[1].潘健生.热处理信息化与制造业跨越式发展.江苏科技信息,200408:16-18
[2].樊东黎.贯彻标准是热处理质量管理的核心.热处理技术与装备,200901:8-10
[3].李键.信息化提升中国制造.科学时报,200301,1,1:21-24
[4].潘健生,胡明娟.计算机模拟与热处理智能化.金属热处理,199807:21 -23
[5].李强,王葛.淬火冷却过程计算机模拟研究的现状及发展趋势.重型机械,2001,6:4-7
[6].全钰泰.热处理过程中温度场、组织转变和应力场的计算机模拟技术.渝州大学学报,1999,16,2:51-54
[7].百度百科.有限差分法.http://baike.baidu.com/view/163333.htm,200903
[8].夏雨亮,金滔,汤珂,许斌,张晓忠,陈佑军.深冷处理工艺及设备的发展现状和展望.低温与特气,2007,2:4-8
[9].热处理论坛.TTT曲线和CCT曲线的区别.http://www.rclbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=19459,2009,3
[10].T.Inoue. K.Arimoto Development and Implementation of CAE System“HEARTS”for Heat Treatment Simulation Based on Metallo-Thermo-Mechnics.Journal of Meterals Engineering and performance.Metals Technology,1997,6,1:48-51
[11].W B. Davis.Determination of the Temperature Distribution in a Steel Slab During Quenching.Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute.Sciences and Thechnology C,1972,6:437-441
[12],A.Y.L.Yong.K.H.W.Seah.M.Rahman.Performance of cryogenically treated tungsten carbide tools in milling operations.Int J Adv Manuf Technol.2007,10:639-674
[13].J.D.Darwin,D,Mohan Lal,G.Nagarajan.Operimization of cryogenic treatment to maximize the wear resistance of 18% Cr martensitic stainless steel by Taguchi method.Journal of Heat Transfer,2008.241-247
[14].吕成,张立文,戚琳,王照坤,陈亚莉,郑渠英.重型燃机压气机盘淬火应力场的计算机模拟.中国机械工程,2006,17,23:41-48
[15].F.Abbsai,A.J.Fletcher.Effect of Viscous Flow on Generation of Thermal Stress and Strain during Quenching of Steel Plates.Materials Science and Technology,1985,1,10:770-779
[16].Quek TW .Machining of steel using cryogenically treated cutting tool inserts.PhD thesis,National University of Singapore.Singapore,2004
[17].Ramakrishnan. Quench Analysis of Aerospace Components Using FEM. Quenching and Distortion Control.Ed.GE.Totten.1992 ASM International,Materials Park, OH,1992:235-242
[18].K.T.Raic, Z.V.Popovic. Modification of the finite Diference Method Applied toTransfer Phenomena in Heat Treating.Heat Treat,1990,8,1:71-73
[19].Viera JM,Machado AR,Ezugwu EO.Performance of cutting fluids during face milling of steels.Brazil Soc Mech Sci 2004,23,2:227-240
[20].陈鼎,黄培云,黎文献.金属材料深冷处理发展概况.热加工工艺,2001,4:53-61
[21].胡明娟,荀毓闽,潘健生.电子计算机在我国热处理中的应用.金属热处理,1996,1:21-25
[22].Osman A M ,Beck J V. Investigation of transient heat transfer coef2ficients in quenching experiments . Journal of heat transfer ,1990 ,112 :843-848.
[23].解挺,尹延国,朱元吉(编译).计算机模拟热处理过程的执行程序及结果.国外金属热处理,1997,1:45-48
[24].姚广鹰,安云集.液氮处理高速钢车刀.机械工人.热加工,199211
[25].百度百科.有限元法.http://baike.baidu.com/view/163327.htm200903
[26].百度百科.有限元.http://baike.baidu.com/view/97668.htm,200903
[27].百度百科.ANSYS.http://baike.baidu.com/view/70776.htm,.200903
[28].劳尔.工程中的有限元法.北京.科学出版社,1991,88-133
[29].潘健生.热处理过程计算机模拟与智能.CAE.维普资讯,200408
[30].李强,王葛.淬火冷却过程计算机模拟研究的现状及发展趋势.重型机械,2001,6:4-7
[31]. American Society for Metals. Metals handbook 9th Ed . Metal Park,Ohio:American Society for Metals.1978~1989.
[32].Nikolai I.Kobasko.Generalization of Results of Computations and Natural Experiments at Steel Parts Quenching.The Proceeding of 1 Internationl Conference on Thermal Process Modeling and Computer Simulation Shanghai China March28-30,2000:128-134
[33]. Kudinov, V.A., Dikop, V.V., Nazarenko,S.A. and Srefanyuk, E.V. On one method of solving nonstationary heatconduction problems for multilayerstructures.Engineering Physics andThermophysics, 2005,78,.2, 225-230
[34].洪剑平,金滔,汤珂.反传热问题及其在深冷处理传热分析中的应用.低温技术.2008,36,2:10-15
[35].Bordin J,Segerberg S.Measurement and evaluation or the power of quenching media for hardening.Heat treatment of Metals,1993,1:15-23
[36].Monte, F. de., Transient heat conductionin one-dimensional composite slab. A‘natural’analytic approach.InternationalJournal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2000, 43:3607-3619
[37].Dong Y.,Lin X.,Xiao H..Deep cryogenic treatment of high-speed steel and its mechanism.Heat Treatment of Metals,1998,25,3:211-219
[38].Ji, C. C. and Jang, H. Y.An.Inverse Problem in Predicting Heat Flux of M42 Percussion Primer.Journal of the Franklin Institute, Journal of heat transfer 1998,335B,4:595-604
[39].David N.Collins.CRYOGENIC TREATMENT OF TOOL STEELS.Advanced Materials & Processes,1998,154,6
[40].A. Molinari,M. Pellizzari,S. Gialanella,G. Straffelini,K. H. Stiasny,Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the mechanical properties of tool steels.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2001,118,1:1-3
[41].Q.C. Wang;L.T. Wang;W. Peng,Thermal Stress Relief in 7050 Aluminum Forgings by Uphill Quenching.Materials Science Forum,2005,490:166-170
[42].Kuchnir M(1999) Mechanical and thermal properties of structural materials.Chao AW and Tigner M(eds)Handbook of accelerator physics and engineering.WorldScientific,New jersey,1999:468-458
[43].顾剑锋,潘健生,胡明娟等.淬火介质冷却能力评价——换热系数法.金属热处理学报.1999.22:320-323
[44].付军,王秋成,胡晓东. 7050铝合金板材深冷处理时温度场的数值模拟.低温与特气,2005,23,2:20-25
[45].北京飞箭软件有限公司.FPEG5.2使用手册.http://www.fegensoft.com/documentdown.htm,20090208
[46].黄鹏,魏兴钊.用三维有限元求解金属淬火过程的换热系数.材料科学与工艺,2008,4:204-210
[47].北京飞箭软件有限公司.FPEG5.2使用手册.http://www.fegensoft.com/documentdown.htm,20090208;
[48].韩斌慧.M24丝锥淬火冷却以及深冷处理的计算机模拟.太原科技大学,2007
[49].百度百科.齿轮滚刀.http://baike.baidu.com/view/271583.htm,200903
[50].袁哲俊,刘华明.齿轮刀具设计.北京:新时代出版社,1983:125-174
[2].樊东黎.贯彻标准是热处理质量管理的核心.热处理技术与装备,200901:8-10
[3].李键.信息化提升中国制造.科学时报,200301,1,1:21-24
[4].潘健生,胡明娟.计算机模拟与热处理智能化.金属热处理,199807:21 -23
[5].李强,王葛.淬火冷却过程计算机模拟研究的现状及发展趋势.重型机械,2001,6:4-7
[6].全钰泰.热处理过程中温度场、组织转变和应力场的计算机模拟技术.渝州大学学报,1999,16,2:51-54
[7].百度百科.有限差分法.http://baike.baidu.com/view/163333.htm,200903
[8].夏雨亮,金滔,汤珂,许斌,张晓忠,陈佑军.深冷处理工艺及设备的发展现状和展望.低温与特气,2007,2:4-8
[9].热处理论坛.TTT曲线和CCT曲线的区别.http://www.rclbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=19459,2009,3
[10].T.Inoue. K.Arimoto Development and Implementation of CAE System“HEARTS”for Heat Treatment Simulation Based on Metallo-Thermo-Mechnics.Journal of Meterals Engineering and performance.Metals Technology,1997,6,1:48-51
[11].W B. Davis.Determination of the Temperature Distribution in a Steel Slab During Quenching.Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute.Sciences and Thechnology C,1972,6:437-441
[12],A.Y.L.Yong.K.H.W.Seah.M.Rahman.Performance of cryogenically treated tungsten carbide tools in milling operations.Int J Adv Manuf Technol.2007,10:639-674
[13].J.D.Darwin,D,Mohan Lal,G.Nagarajan.Operimization of cryogenic treatment to maximize the wear resistance of 18% Cr martensitic stainless steel by Taguchi method.Journal of Heat Transfer,2008.241-247
[14].吕成,张立文,戚琳,王照坤,陈亚莉,郑渠英.重型燃机压气机盘淬火应力场的计算机模拟.中国机械工程,2006,17,23:41-48
[15].F.Abbsai,A.J.Fletcher.Effect of Viscous Flow on Generation of Thermal Stress and Strain during Quenching of Steel Plates.Materials Science and Technology,1985,1,10:770-779
[16].Quek TW .Machining of steel using cryogenically treated cutting tool inserts.PhD thesis,National University of Singapore.Singapore,2004
[17].Ramakrishnan. Quench Analysis of Aerospace Components Using FEM. Quenching and Distortion Control.Ed.GE.Totten.1992 ASM International,Materials Park, OH,1992:235-242
[18].K.T.Raic, Z.V.Popovic. Modification of the finite Diference Method Applied toTransfer Phenomena in Heat Treating.Heat Treat,1990,8,1:71-73
[19].Viera JM,Machado AR,Ezugwu EO.Performance of cutting fluids during face milling of steels.Brazil Soc Mech Sci 2004,23,2:227-240
[20].陈鼎,黄培云,黎文献.金属材料深冷处理发展概况.热加工工艺,2001,4:53-61
[21].胡明娟,荀毓闽,潘健生.电子计算机在我国热处理中的应用.金属热处理,1996,1:21-25
[22].Osman A M ,Beck J V. Investigation of transient heat transfer coef2ficients in quenching experiments . Journal of heat transfer ,1990 ,112 :843-848.
[23].解挺,尹延国,朱元吉(编译).计算机模拟热处理过程的执行程序及结果.国外金属热处理,1997,1:45-48
[24].姚广鹰,安云集.液氮处理高速钢车刀.机械工人.热加工,199211
[25].百度百科.有限元法.http://baike.baidu.com/view/163327.htm200903
[26].百度百科.有限元.http://baike.baidu.com/view/97668.htm,200903
[27].百度百科.ANSYS.http://baike.baidu.com/view/70776.htm,.200903
[28].劳尔.工程中的有限元法.北京.科学出版社,1991,88-133
[29].潘健生.热处理过程计算机模拟与智能.CAE.维普资讯,200408
[30].李强,王葛.淬火冷却过程计算机模拟研究的现状及发展趋势.重型机械,2001,6:4-7
[31]. American Society for Metals. Metals handbook 9th Ed . Metal Park,Ohio:American Society for Metals.1978~1989.
[32].Nikolai I.Kobasko.Generalization of Results of Computations and Natural Experiments at Steel Parts Quenching.The Proceeding of 1 Internationl Conference on Thermal Process Modeling and Computer Simulation Shanghai China March28-30,2000:128-134
[33]. Kudinov, V.A., Dikop, V.V., Nazarenko,S.A. and Srefanyuk, E.V. On one method of solving nonstationary heatconduction problems for multilayerstructures.Engineering Physics andThermophysics, 2005,78,.2, 225-230
[34].洪剑平,金滔,汤珂.反传热问题及其在深冷处理传热分析中的应用.低温技术.2008,36,2:10-15
[35].Bordin J,Segerberg S.Measurement and evaluation or the power of quenching media for hardening.Heat treatment of Metals,1993,1:15-23
[36].Monte, F. de., Transient heat conductionin one-dimensional composite slab. A‘natural’analytic approach.InternationalJournal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2000, 43:3607-3619
[37].Dong Y.,Lin X.,Xiao H..Deep cryogenic treatment of high-speed steel and its mechanism.Heat Treatment of Metals,1998,25,3:211-219
[38].Ji, C. C. and Jang, H. Y.An.Inverse Problem in Predicting Heat Flux of M42 Percussion Primer.Journal of the Franklin Institute, Journal of heat transfer 1998,335B,4:595-604
[39].David N.Collins.CRYOGENIC TREATMENT OF TOOL STEELS.Advanced Materials & Processes,1998,154,6
[40].A. Molinari,M. Pellizzari,S. Gialanella,G. Straffelini,K. H. Stiasny,Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the mechanical properties of tool steels.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2001,118,1:1-3
[41].Q.C. Wang;L.T. Wang;W. Peng,Thermal Stress Relief in 7050 Aluminum Forgings by Uphill Quenching.Materials Science Forum,2005,490:166-170
[42].Kuchnir M(1999) Mechanical and thermal properties of structural materials.Chao AW and Tigner M(eds)Handbook of accelerator physics and engineering.WorldScientific,New jersey,1999:468-458
[43].顾剑锋,潘健生,胡明娟等.淬火介质冷却能力评价——换热系数法.金属热处理学报.1999.22:320-323
[44].付军,王秋成,胡晓东. 7050铝合金板材深冷处理时温度场的数值模拟.低温与特气,2005,23,2:20-25
[45].北京飞箭软件有限公司.FPEG5.2使用手册.http://www.fegensoft.com/documentdown.htm,20090208
[46].黄鹏,魏兴钊.用三维有限元求解金属淬火过程的换热系数.材料科学与工艺,2008,4:204-210
[47].北京飞箭软件有限公司.FPEG5.2使用手册.http://www.fegensoft.com/documentdown.htm,20090208;
[48].韩斌慧.M24丝锥淬火冷却以及深冷处理的计算机模拟.太原科技大学,2007
[49].百度百科.齿轮滚刀.http://baike.baidu.com/view/271583.htm,200903
[50].袁哲俊,刘华明.齿轮刀具设计.北京:新时代出版社,1983:125-174